Lecture by Dr. Kevin on Healthcare Models for Pain Management

Introduction

Speaker: Dr. Kevin, Prococo Chiropractic and Rehabilitation, Des Moines, Iowa
Discussion on two predominant healthcare models addressing pain:
- Biomedical Model
- Biopsychosocial Model

Origin: Mid 19th century
Dominant model used by healthcare practitioners
Core Beliefs:
- Pain is a symptom of disease caused by tissue damage.
- Pain results from patho-anatomical processes in tissues.
- To alleviate pain, the damaged tissue must be fixed.
- Chronic pain can lead to mental and emotional problems, but it always originates from tissue damage.
- Mind and body are separate; pain is a bodily issue affecting the mind.
Applications:
- Effective for acute and traumatic injuries where tissue damage is evident.
- Limitations arise when pain becomes chronic despite medical interventions.

Gaining traction in healthcare for addressing chronic pain.
Beliefs:
- Mind and body are interconnected.
- Pain is a manifestation of the brain's response to perceived threats, not limited to tissue damage.
- Factors influencing pain:
  - Cognitive, emotional, psychological, social, and nutritional issues.
Onion Skin Model Analogy:
- Core: True tissue damage.
- Surrounding layers: Factors influencing pain perception and manifestation.
  - Attitudes and beliefs about pain and recovery
  - Psychological stressors, negative emotions
  - Illness behavior, physical and social environment
Benefits:
- Provides successful outcomes for patients in chronic pain states.
- Focuses on treating the patient as a whole, considering both mind and body.
- Moves beyond the narrative of pain as a solely tissue-based problem.