Transcript for:
Skull Anatomy Overview

e e okay uh good evening uh good evening everyone uh this say Dr abijit yes yes uh mesh hello Mangal hello hello uh yes Osama good evening sakshi good evening Shakil good evening let us let us start guys today with a very new topic that is head and neck right I will be starting with the head and neck today and guys the very first Topic in skull that I will be covering are the bones are the bones PR good evening Alisha samanta Khan sah rali kalash welcome welcome guys today I will be starting with a very very new topic guys and I assume guys uh ke we will start from the scratch we'll start from the basics I personally uh like feel that if you don't know anything about head and neck you are at the right place guys we will be starting with very very Basics kalash okay Meo Raa good evening good evening good evening bet so yes yes B obviously such and yes I will be like going from base to like high elevated part so obviously everyone can attend the session so before starting with the session fat uh raviraj good evening just give me a thumbs up in the chat box that audio and visuals are perfectly fine just give me a thumbs up in the chat box that audio and visuals are perfectly fine so that I can start with the session guys I am requesting everyone to write down the notes along with me guys please please please write the notes along with me PR shaki Khan sahib Elisha okay I'm speaking in English only are Shaquil Sachin weni samanta kalash okay yes okay F Tamil yes you can attend Osama very good mesh chart namaskar yes I will be associating it with every possible thing we are going to discuss everything clinically but but let us start today with the basics right so guys as you all know that jash Alisha start let us let us start with the skull guys now as you all know that the skull it is the skeleton of the head it is the skeleton of the head right you already know when we talk about the skull it is the skeleton of the head alhad yes yes it is the skeleton of the head now when we talk about the structure guys when we talk about the structure remember that this skull it is formed of how many bones guys can anyone tell me how many bones are there in the skull can anyone tell me in the chat box how many bones are there in the skull CH Let It Be An interactive session guys you are going to yes H so you guys already know that it is formed on of 22 bones it is formed of 22 bones right it is formed of 22 bones yes mesh very good very good mesh yes Shakil very good very good we will try to learn it from the scratch scratch guys right so you already know out of these 22 bones guys out of these 22 bones you already know we have one movable bone one movable bone and that is that is called as the mandible right that is called as the mandible guys that is called as the mandible yes everyone is Right everyone is right and the others are basically 21 immovable bones immovable bones right now now guys let us let us just try to see first the mandible now guys this is the anterior view of the skull if you can just see over here guys this is the anterior view of the skull anterior view of the skull right this is the anterior view of the skull now you're watching the skull from front you're watching the skull from front and Only Bone which is like yeah which is movable and that is that is the mandible guys I hope everyone can appreciate this is the mandible this is the only movable bone over here right it is the only movable bone over here I will be discussing all the aspects fact tube Tamil don't worry so this is this is the mandible bone and basically why it is movable because it is actually forming a joint with the temporal bone that is that is a sinovial type of a joint okay you already know the sinovial joints are movable okay so basically the mandible it is forming a sinovial joint with the temporal bone right it is forming a yes the sinovial joint with a temporal bone right now now now now guys the 21 immovable bones let us let us just try to classify it guys let us just try to classify the 21 immovable Bones the 21 immovable bones and you already know mandible articulates with which bone can anyone tell me mongle yes good evening now the mandible articulates with which bone now before coming to that bone guys let us let us yeah we are going to discuss all the bones which are paired out of eight we have I mean 21 we have eight paired bones fa Tamil very good niku Chan very good yes uh mongal watching from Afghanistan thank you for the love yes now we have the eight paired bones guys I'm telling you uh over here that I will be discussing each bone separately also today I will be discussing the different views of the skull okay in different different views from front from above from behind Okay and later on I will be taking each bone separately also okay I will be teaching you osteology also please don't don't skip the session okay that is that something I want from everyone over here please don't skip the session this head and neck is a very tough topic and I will make a piece of cake for you if you guys be with me throughout the lecture right khai watching from Pakistan thank you so much for the love yes so now guys if this is the anterior view you're watching the uh the scull from front yes now the very first bone that you can just see over here guys the topmost over here it is called as the frontal bone okay it is called as the frontal bone now frontal bone it is only one yes frontal bone yes it is only one over here yes mesh very good okay okay okay rali okay yes frontal bone it is only one so I will not characterize frontal bone in the eight paired bones we have like yes the five unpaired bones the five unpaired bones and the bones with in front guys it is the frontal bone okay we have the frontal bone and remember it is only one it is only one guys the frontal bone it is only one it is situated in the front right yes I will teach muscles also don't worry I'm taking this like long long sessions I will be completing each and everything even some muscles I will tell you in the aspects also AMA now I hope can anyone tell me which view is this can anyone tell me which view is this say which view is this you're watching the skull from side side basically means tell side basically means yes guys this is the lateral view yes PBE Tamil okay there lateral aspect you are actually watching it from the lateral aspect right so guys just try to see we have the bone that is called as frontal frontal you can see the frontal bone you can see the frontal bone over here apart from that apart from that guys you can also see the perial bone the perial bone right we have the perial bone now guys how to remember that frontal is in front peral peral is above have you seen Pari Pari basically Bears a crown on her on his like on the top okay so that's why you can remember we have two perial bones guys the right right parital bone and the left perial bone right in front we have the frontal peral we have like two the right parital bone and the left parital bone right Samantha you can watch this from the side guys this is the side view you're not watching the skull from front it's the side view right so yes frontal is this guys where like the anterior view is this samanta okay Survivor hello so guys remember in the eight unpaired bones first you should remember we have like the paired bones we have the parial bones the perial bones and remember we have like two perial bones right it is two in number two in number yes the right parital bone and the left perial bone the right perial bone and the left perial bone right now guys now coming on to the next bone guys just below the perial bone you can very well see this green colored bone yes stus stat is called as the temporal bone guys this is called as the temporal bone this green colored bone this is this is called as the temporal bone guys okay this green colored bone it is called as the temporal bone right now guys you can see one temporal bone over here okay you can see this meatus guys this is the external auditory meatus right your ear Miatas okay the opening in the ear guys the external auditory meatus and just above this we have this temporal bone the green colored bone and it is again two in number guys I hope you can appreciate this green color over here also in the anterior view that is that is exactly the temporal bone so we have two temporal bones guys we have two temporal bones we have two temporal bones so again the two temporal bones you have to remember right temporal bones and remember they are again two in Number the right temporal bone and the left temporal bone the right temporal bone and the left temporal bone now coming on to the next bone guys you can very well appreciate this in the lateral aspect this orange colored bone that is that that is called as the zygomatic bone that is called as the zygomatic bone now you can see that the zygomatic bone it is basically forming a joint with the temporal bone joint or I can simply say the suture the suture right now this zygomatic bone it is also forming a joint with the frontal bone okay above with the frontal bone and like literally you can see it is the temporal bone right so these joints are nothing but the sutures Guys these are nothing but the sutures so as of now remember we have the zygomatic bone and it is again two in number one you can see on this side other side also we have the zygomatic bone if you want you can just point at this structure this is the zymatic bone zymatic bone in the interior view you can also see and in the lateral view you can also see so the third one guys remember we have the zygomatic bone zygomatic bone zygomatic bone start as G like two in number yes the right and the left zygomatic bone the right and the left zygomatic bone now guys again coming on to the next bone guys now the bone which is behind guys you already know this is anterior and this is the posterior part right this is anterior and this is the posterior part anteriorly we have the front frontal bone posteriorly this blue colored bone it is called as oal bone it is called as oal bone now if if you just want to see over here guys okay let me let me just try to show you the okay the posterior part yes so I hope you can appreciate guys you are going to tell me which bones are these meanwhile I writing this this is the ospital bone this is the ospital bone and remember guys this is the posterior view you're watching the the skull this is the posterior part of the skull right yes so Alisha has answered shout yes shini very good yes yes Osama samanta very good so this is the posterior view you're watching the skull from behind and this is nothing but the perial boms the two perial booms the right and the left J prakash Shakil very good very good Alisha very good very good bet so you already know we have these yes the two I mean the one oipal bone we have the one oal bone oal bone okay the oipal bone now guys coming on to the next one yes coming on to the next one guys you can very well see over here in the front if if I just try to mark this structure guys this just below the frontal bone we have these two nasal bones guys if you can just see we have these two nasal bones this is nothing but the nasal bones and again guys it is a paired bone the nasal bones are paired bones right the nasal bones are the paired bones so remember we have the nasal bones and nasal bones are again two in number just exactly in the midline we have the right nasal bone and the left nasal bone the right nasal bone and the left nasal B and I'm coming to that now guys coming on to the next B just below the sasal bone guys this B it is called as the mexa mexa and mexa again you guys can see there are two mexa guys they are two mexa they joined together with the help of a joint that is inter inter means in between the two maxillary suture all the joints in the skull guys they are sutures now all the joints in the skull they are immovable they are called as suture in between these two bones now let us suppose this is maxilla and this is another maxilla in between guys we have something that is called as the sutural ligament okay we have the sutural ligament and this is something which makes it immovable this is something which makes it immovable guys right this is something which is which makes it immovable so we have the sutural ligament right so remember that we have the two maxillary bones maxillary boms and again guys remember these are two in number these are two in number right these are two in number we have the right and the left Ma maxillary bone the right and the left maxillary bone now guys coming on to the next one coming on to the next one guys that is that is called as the leg rimal bone that is called as the leg rimal bone right so we have something called as the L rimal bone now now guys just try to see over here in the later view it will be more um okay guys I hope you can appreciate you guys are going to tell me which bone is this which bone is this you guys are going to tell me which bone is this what is a what is B and the third one which I'm telling you right now it is it is the L rimal bone it is the L crimeal bone yes yes Osama shik very good ja prakash mesh very good very good very good guys samanta very good huh take take take you already know it is the Lal bone a a it is the Sam what about rest guys what about rest h a nasal yes a is the n one B it is the maxillary maxillary is going like above yes Rohit Kumar very goodx Max is going above only just behind the nasle part yes B it is the maxillary bone B it is the maxillary bone B is the maxillary an very good Shakil very good very good and then just behind this maxillary guys in the orbit part you can see this like Ral bone again makes a sense guys it's forming the part of the orbit like crimeal glands right so that is that is something you have to like Focus over here okay if you just try to see from like yeah you can see this bone guys this is nothing but the mexa only right this is nothing but the mexa right and the front one it is the nasal so this is this is the mexa and the lmal is just behind this right I hope it is clear I hope it is clear guys just give me a thumbs up if it is clear so we have the two lmal bones that are again two in number that is right and left right and left the two crimeal bones yes the right and the left one right now now guys coming on to the next bone yes we have the seventh and the eth one I'm writing over here we have something called as inferior nasal cona Jun I will be uploading it on my telegram Channel and the telegram channel is dogs May okay the telegram channel is talks Mayan please now don't ask me for the notes now the inferior nasal cona it is again beta two in number that is right and left the right and left now guys if if we talk about the inferior nasal conka now the inferior nasal cona you will be able to appreciate guys over here okay I have included that image okay let me let me just try to see it over here okay now yes yes guys this this is the Skull part this is the Skull part guys if you can just see over here what I have done I have removed like one section of the skull I've have cut the skull like this in Middle okay and I'm just trying to show you one side of the nasal cavity I'm I'm trying to show you one side of the nasal cavity I've cut it from between I'm like removed one part and I'm watching it from the side and I will be able to see this green colored bone that is that is called as the inferior nasal cona inferior nasal con inferior nasal cona right yes yes inferior nasal cona now now guys just try to see we have Superior nasal cona and yeah the middle nasal cona we have three nasal cona but you guys will ask me sir why you have written again separately inferior nasal kka in your list why you haven't written Superior nasal conka and middle nasal conka again this is one of the questions of the NCI exam guys that Superior nasal conka and middle nasal conka they both are parts of ethmoid bone so that's why they are not written separately ethmoid bone yes the ethoid bone guys remember it is an unpaired bone it is an unpaired bone right yes the ethmoid bone it is an unpaired bone and these both the superior nasal kka and the M nasal middle nasal kka it is basically the part of the ethmoid bone right that's why that's why guys the in question was asked again you all guys are going to answer me that question which is not a part of the ethmoid bone which is not a part of the ethmoid bone Superior nasal cona middle nasal cona inferior nasal kka or none of these so you just try to answer this question meanwhile I have just showed you and guys remember we have these two okay this is what I have done I have like removed I'm watching the skull the inferior part of the skull right and guys you can very well see the highlighted bone these are called as Palatine bones these are called as Palatine bones and these are again two in number these are called as yes yes F Tube Tamil Sony Gupta ja prakash shaki Mas very good yes shrini very good Alisha very good very good very good so we have these Palatine bones Guys these are again paired in number right these are two in number these are two in number so remember guys the eighth one over here I am writing yes the eighth one yes you already know we have the Palatine bones Palatine bones and remember these are like two in number the right and the left the right and the left the right and the left aox I don't know there would be like many many lectures because I will be teaching everything even the bones also osteology also muscles also arteries veins nerves scal NES everything so yes it will take time obviously yes yes bit up palet part oral cavity we'll be discussing paltin bone also not no need to worry as of now just write to remember the names and just a basic picture that I'm showing you I I will be teaching each bone in detail by guys no need to worry okay now guys coming on to the unpaired bones we have already discussed the frontal and the ospital now guys we have more three unpaired bones yes we have spinoid bone we have spinoid bone right we have spinoid bone okay we have like ethmoid bone that we were just talking about e moid bone and we have one bone that is called as V we have one bone that is called as vmer yes yes yes now let us let us just try to see over here guys let us just try to see here now guys in the nor uh this Dr D hello hello now in this literal aspect guys if you can just appreciate this yellow colored bone I hope you can appreciate this yellow colored bone and this bone guys yes this yellow colored bone it is called as the spinoid bone it is called as the spinoid bone now guys you can watch the spinoid bone from both the sides again that doesn't means that spinoid bone is two in number spinoid bone it is only one in number you can watch this yellow colored bone on from the right side also and from the left side also Al so in the lateral aspect but again guys this is the only bone I mean which is like one in number now these are the greater wings now let me let me use another pen guys this is this is the spinoid bone this is the spinoid bone you can watch this from this view also you can watch this from here also this no it doesn't means they are two in number it is only one and this is this is how the spinoid bones look like you can see the greater wings of spinoid the greater wings of spinoid now this these are the greater Wings which you can see on this lateral aspect guys which you can see on this lateral aspect that is that is something guys you have to remember over here the spinoid bone it is only one in number right these are the greater wings of the spinoid which you can see on both the sides right now coming on to yes the ethmoid bone right the ethmoid bone if yeah if you just ask me over here let me let me just try to show you guys over here yes just behind the Lal bone guys this green colored bone which you can just see over here yes this small green color bone this is this is called as the ethoid bone this is called as the ethoid bone just behind the lmal bone you guys can see uh this green colored bone yes Dr rnes very good beta this is this is the ethmoid bone beta this is the ethmoid bone right so ethmoid bone if you just want to see this is this is the ethmoid bone guys which you can see over here the ethmoid bone the Anor and the posterior views right so this is the ethmoid bone which is one right we are having two views from front and from the back how does this look like right so that is that is something you again have to remember the ethmoid bone right I'll be teaching ethmoid bone in detail no need to wor just behind this simal bone that is the ethmoid bone right now coming on to yes yes oh I think everyone is like able to understand this right now guys in the nasal cavity guys in the nasal cavity in the midline you can appreciate this one bone that is yes that is that is called as the vmer that is called as the vmer guys that is that is called as the vmer one bone in the midline in the nasal aperture you can just appreciate this bone that is that is called as the N vmer bone that is called as the wmer bone so yes this is again a one bone only so we have like unpaired bones right so we have like five unpaired beta five unpaired bones and the eight paired bones eight paired bones means 16 right and five unpaired 16 + 5 that is 21 immovable bones because they are joined by sutures they are joined by sutures right and one movable bone that is that is joined by The sinovial Joint that is like the temporal mandibular joint okay and that is that is the sinovial joint so I hope the basic uh I mean the orientation is clear like what all bones basically comes in the head part so just give me a thumbs up in the chat box guys that you are aware of all the bones that comes in the head part so that I can start with the different aspects of the skull just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if you are done with this fact Tamil very good sakshi very good very good P let us let us now yes Alisha very good so guys we have now started with the Skull part we have discussed what bones are there we'll be discussing each bones to study each Bon separately guys we'll come to it later on but first try to look at the aspects of the skull right first try to look at the aspects of the skull yes in different different views right now put the heading as the parts of the skull yes Alisha Maria Shakil ratnesh sad very good very good now put the heading as the parts of the skull now the skull beta it is divided into two parts right now we have the cranium we have the cranium right in short I will be writing out right I'm not going to make you write th thesis yes I will be providing you yes with the notes sad yes I called your name yeah we have the facial skeleton we have the yes the facial skeleton now Cranium you can just see guys it is the uppermost part right upper and the posterior part which encloses the brain okay and facial skeleton it is basically the anterior part of the skull and it includes upper fix part it includes the upper fix part and we have the lower movable part yes the lower movable part okay the lower movable part and can anyone tell me which is the movable uh bone in the entire this uh skull yes I'm waiting for your answers guys yes just just tell me about this so that is St is again you all already know the parts of the skull yes abishek sha very good very good beta it is the mandible very good bet CH it is the mandible the other ones are all having sutures the other ones are all having sutures yes yes um fact sanjie Ahmed Maria Osama Alisha ratn J Mukesh very good very good guys Anita very good very good sakshi very good CH now let us let us start with the different aspects of the skull that is our topic for today the different aspects of the skull now guys whenever you try to look the uh skull from front K that is that is called as the anterior aspect anterior aspect or it is called as Norma frontalis or it is called as Norma frontalis whenever you try to look at the skull from front you watching the interior part of the skull and this is this is something called as the noral frontalis guys this is something called as the Norma frontalis the second one guys the second one remember the superior aspect the superior aspect or it is also called as Norma verticalis the noral verticalis whenever you try to look the skull from above guys whenever you try to look the skull from above it is Norma verticalis right Norma verticalis the third one guys the third one remember we have the lateral aspect the lateral aspect or it is called as noral lalis the noral lalis you're watching the skull from sight guys right you're watching the lateral part of the skull right that is that is called as the normal lateralis right then we have the posterior aspect of the skull the posterior aspect or yes the Norma orpalis now it it is the view guys where you are watching the skull from behind the posterior part of the skull right that is that is yeah the Norma ois then again sakshi has told yes we have the inferior aspect of the skull when you're watching the you're taking out the skull and you're trying to see the inferior part of the skull the inferior aspect or it is called as norab basalis the Norma basalis the Norma basalis right yes Osama very good very good then guys remember we have the interior of the skull interior of the skull right or it is called as cranial cavity cranial cavity cranial cavity is that cavity because in which we have our brain right in which we have our brain so we are taking out the upper part and we just watching the cranial cavity in which the brain is situated in which the brain is situated right so basically the cranial cavity is studed by the removal of the skull cap okay we remove the skull cap and then we try to look inside what all is there right so that is that is the cranial cavity guys so these are the different aspects of the skull in which we have to like study so is it clear everyone so I hope everyone is writing along with me just give me a thumbs up in the chat box guys if you are writing along with me just just give me a thumbs up so I will be starting with the very first one that is the Norma verticalis the Norma verticalis right the noral verticalis just try to remember yes fact Tamil Osama Alisha ja abishek Maria very good we are going to start with the Norma verticalis first the superior aspect or the Norma verticalis right I hope you all are writing the notes along with me Sony kup yes I hope everyone is writing the notes along with me CH H so now guys just try to see over here we are going to start with the Norma verticalis and the first point that you have to write over here that it is the upper aspect it is called as the upper aspect guys or the Vault of the skun Vault of the skun it is the upper aspect or the also called as the Vault of the skull right now guys just try to see over here now this this is how the skull looks when you view it from up right the Superior part of the skull right so guys remember that this is okay this is the frontal bone now which Bones guys you can see over here frontal bones are how many in number yes frontal bones are how many in number it is only one right we have the two parial bones yes sa Tam very good we have the two perial bones we have the two perial bones and and over here you can see a little bit of the ospital bone as well oipal bone as well right so we have two parital bones one oipal one frontal yes yes so yes let us let us just try to write this guys so the very first thing under what what headings we are going to discuss it the bones which are forming it so the bones forming it it is like four in number it is like like four in number and you guys already know which bones are there yes we have the frontal bone frontal bone okay we have two perial bones the two perial bones yes the two perial bones and the third one guys one oal bone one ospital bone one ocial bone oal bone it is posteriorly located it is posteriorly frontal bone anteriorly and paral Bones on each side on each side on each side so whatever we will see we will try to just see over here as well right whatever we will see we'll try to write it over here now guys how to say that guys this one is frontal you can see it has a broader uh I mean broader anterior part and and guys remember we have a narrower uh like posterior part narrower posterior part this is how you recognize the normal verticalis so this is the anterior part guys and yes this is this is the posterior part guys so we have a broader frontal uh no bone over here right we with a very narrow like um the part over here that is that is towards the ocial bone that is towards the oipal bone B now guys coming on to the sutur SP coming on to the sutures in joints we have like three classification we have sutures right which are immovable then we have cartilagenous joints then we have sinovial joints so over here in the skull we are going to talk about sutures only now gu these sutures are nothing but let us suppose this is a bone and this is another bone Whenever two B will meet obviously a joint will be formed and this joint yes it is like filled with a ligament that is called as sutural ligament it is filled with a ligament that is called as a sutural ligament and over here we are going to see which which sutures are present now guys just try to see over here between the frontal and the parietal bone guys this suture it is called as the coronal suture guys okay it is the coronal suture it is the coronal suture now guys I hope you remember we have discussed one plane over here that is that is called as the coronal plane again makes a sense guys the coronal plane runs like this coronal suure only which divides the body into anterior and posterior half now imagine guys right it will try to break the body into anterior part and posterior part that is that is called as the coronal plane that's why given the name coronal plane based on this coronal suture only okay that is guys please please try to like see over here right so we have this coronal plane it runs between the frontal bone and the two parital bones right the two perial bones the right and the left we have another another suture between the two parial bones guys yes and that that again it is it makes the sense it is the sagital suture guys it is the sagital suture it is the sagital you might have heard about mid sagital plane now that sagital basically means we are cutting the body from midline okay and it divides the body into right part and left part again this sagital plane basically it is named on the base uh based on the suture only guys that is the fital suchan right it is dividing the body into two parts right the you it's dividing the parital bones also like joining the parital bones similarly a cut if it is like made like this the mid sagital plane dividing the body into right and left part so that is status again and the name of the joint is sagital suture guys right now now guys remember this suture between the oal bone let me let me take another pen yes between the ospital bone and the parital bone this y shaped suture which you can see guys this is called as lamboid suture this is called as lamboid suture this is this is called as the lamboid suture so let us let us just try to make in our notes about every uh possible points that we are discussing in Norma verticalis now guys you can very well see what are the sutures between the bols suture between the bones please try to write the important aspects with us otherwise it will be like there's no point you're watching it but try to write it also yes and the very first one that you already know we have the coronal suture coronal suture we have the sagital suture and we have the limbo suture we have the lamboid suture now guys you already know the corona suture it is basically between frontal and two perial woundes two perial bones yes Coran Queen yes the sagital suture guys you already know it is between yes it runs in the median plane guys and you already know it is between two parital Bon bones two perial bones and the LMO one it is between oipal and two perial bones two perial bones right so if you just want to see it over here guys yes this suture it is the lamboid suture right so I hope this is clear to each one of you all the sutures are clear just give me a thumbs up in the chat box guys if all the sutures are clear right if all the sutures are clear just just please try to give me a thumbs up in the chat box now in the Norma verticalis we will try to learn some special features now what Thumbs Up chat box if you guys are there listening to me writing notes yeah Maria very good sure now this is another like we are going to discuss some special features now there is something called as the special features of the normal verticalis and that that is something which we have to study in detail right yes bet in in abishek in noral verticalis the temporal part is not visible only four bones are visible which you can see in the normal when you're watching the skull from above you can see only frontal perial two peral and one oipal okay abishek so I'm talking about the view guys right now this is again um the now guys just just try to see over here whenever guys okay this is which suture guys you already know this is the coronal suture this is the coronal suture and this is which suture guys yes you already know this is the okay this is the sagital suture this is something you know okay between the two parital bones we have the seital suture and between frontal and parital bones we have this yes the coronal suture the meeting point guys very very important the meeting point of coronal and sagital suture it is called as bregma this point it is called as the bregma ma bregma meeting point of coronal and sagital suture it is called as bregma now guys just try to write about this yes we have the very first one yes status St is the bregma and you guys already know the bregma it is the meeting point meeting point of coronal and sagital suture meeting point of coronal and sagital suture now guys this point again again guys let us let us just try to see over here now this is this is the skull of a newborn skull of a newborn okay a fresh baby guys a fresh baby a skull of a newborn and guys over here if if you just see you can see the frontal bones right you can see the parital bones now this bregma guys okay now this bregma at Birth this area which is called as bregma in adult whenever it is a newborn guys you will see this particular area right a ridal shaped area and this is this is called as anterior Fontanel this is called as anterior fontanel now guys you already know this is this is the like the adult skull right adult skull and this is this is the skull of a newborn but whenever a newborn is born I mean whenever newborn is there right a baby will have okay these sutures are not getting fused okay you cannot find any BMA over there over here in this part you will see a pridal shape space because it gives the space for brain all the bones to grow so that is that is something called as interior fontal in a newborn right anterior Fontanel basically oif at 11 month okay it basically not exactly uh 11th it's like 18 months guys it aifi at 18 months right so yes that is the interior Fontanel and and just guys try to remember that yes at Birth at Birth this area is occupied by a Ral yes Ral shaped membrane ridal shape membrane called as anterior Fontanel yes anterior Fontanel which aifi at age of 18 months which aifi at age of 18 months guys so just give me a thumbs up guys if you understood what is bregma just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if you understood what is bregma over here okay it is the meeting point of the coronal and the sagital suture and whenever a new born is there okay so that area it is basically occupied by a ridal shape membrane that is called as interior fontel at 18 it will fuse and it will give rise to this bgma right abishek Sha very good very good what about rest guys Maria Rose very good very good I hope everyone is alive up till now yeah sh next feature guys next feature just just try to see guys over here we have something called as the vertex okay vertex now it is the midpoint of the sagital suture guys this is this is called as the vertex vertex very good Shakil very good yes no guys no no bimma vertex is the middle of the sagital suture you guys already know this entire which I'm highlighting right now it is the sagital suture and the midpoint of the seital suture it is called as vertex right it is called as vertex so please just try to write it over here the second one that is the vertex and remember the vertex is nothing but the midpoint of seital suture midpoint of fital suture the midpoint of s AAL suture right the midpoint of sagital suture now coming on to the third one guys the third one over here in a row and that is thatat is called as Lambda vertex uh AB Muhammad yes Vex okay let me let me just try to show you over here AB Muhammad you can see this this suture beta it is called as the site Su it is called as theal suure and the midpoint ofal sual Mido isal midpoint ofal part it is called as yes Vortex I hope it is clear adip KH Muhammad yes now coming on to the next one guys that is that is the Lambda now Lambda it is basically the point of okay you guys are going to tell me it is the point of which two sutures the Lambda it is point of which two sutures guys yes I don't have space over here so Lambda I will be writing on this particular page only that is the third part yes yes can anyone tell me it is the meeting point of which two sutures guys the Lambda yes the Lambda huh guys you can see this is this is the sagital suture right the sagital suture and this is yes this is the lamboid suture the lamboid suture right so meeting point of sagital and lamboid suture yes Osama Shakil Jesus very good adip KH very good very good so Lambda is nothing guys remember meeting point of yes meeting point of yes the meeting point of or meeting point between sagital and limid sutures FAL and lamboid sutures meeting point between sedal and lamboid sutures right now guys at Birth if if I just try to see yeah at Birth you can see that this Lambda it is basically occupied by a triangle shaped membrane giving space for all the bones to grow right yes and this this one remember guys over here that is that is something called as has the posterior Fontanel anterior here obviously this part is anterior and this is posterior a membrane which is rid shaped and we have a membrane that is situated behind that is that is called as the posterior fontal fontinel right it ossifies at the age of six months guys it ossifies at the age of six months okay so yes so we are discussing l guys and we are discussing the special features the special features and you are we are discussing about Lambda and you know at Birth it is occupied by a small triangular membrane small triangular membrane and remember B this triangular membrane it is called as yes the posterior Fontanel posterior Fontanel and this posterior Fontanel oif at age of yes it aifi at age of 6 months 6 months very very important very very important right we have very very important is it clear everyone yes just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if this is clear to each and everyone over here now guys we have discussed three features we have discussed regma vertex and Lambda and Lambda right the three features are done yes abishek metopic suture it is present in like 9% of the population only and I will be teaching you the metopic suture also no need to worry over here yes I will be teaching you the metopic suture as well yes but before the things which are like more prominent over here let us let us just try to mark it over here guys we will try to see yes we will try to see the most convex part of the frontal bone okay these are called as I mean we have the most convex part okay the frontal bone and these are called as the frontal Eminence frontal Eminence now what is Eminence beta Eminence means the most convex part okay right part there will be a part in the frontal bone entire frontal bone that is that is more convex from outside that is that is called as the frontal Eminence so the fourth one guys that you have to remember over here we have two frontal Eminence two frontal Eminence and remember Eminence basically means the most convex parts of frontal bone most convex part parts of frontal bone right the most convex parts of frontal bone in the perial bone also guys in the perial bone also we will have these most convex parts right these are these are called as perial Eminence these are called as perial Eminence right so we have two perial Eminence as well the two perial Eminence as as well and remember beta it means the most convex parts of parital bone most convex parts of perial bone the most convex parts of perial bone apart from that apart from that guys just in the sides of the sagital suture you will see two foramina beta over here please please try to appreciate yes we have these two foras over here the two openings over here the two openings over here which you can see over here these are called as these opening if you can just notice these are like openings and these are called as peral or espcially called as the perial Emissary foramin perial Emissary foramin now this parital Emissary foramin it is on the sides of the sagital suture located it more posteriorly if you want you can see this one over here guys there will be one over here as well we have like two in number we have two in number I hope you can appreciate these are the two yes the two openings these are called as the peral Emissary foramin okay these are called as perial Emissary foramin we have two or I can simply say perial emiss foron and remember beta these are present on each side of the sigal suture okay now guys how to how to locate guys where are exactly these sutures remember it is like 3 to 5 cm in front of this lamboid suture these are 3 to 5 cm in front of the L that is that is called as the yes the parital Emissary Forin H mangul okay Seri from Pakistan okay okay now why this is called as parital Emissary foramin guys because over here a vein is passing and that vein guys you already know it transmits Emissary vein that's why it is named as perial because it is in the perial bone amary why because it transmits am iary vein let me let me just write down it is Emissary veins now Emissary veins I will be discussing in detail but as of uh remember guys it connects the scalp veins with Superior sagital sinus so these veins will be passing through these holes right these veins will be passing through these holes so that is that is the content of this perial Emissary Forin that you have to remember right so that is that is all about that is all about uh the noral verticalis guys that is all about noral verticalis the important aspects that I have to discuss with you right so just give me a thumbs up guys that you have understood normal verticalis whatever bones are forming It Whatever sutures are present whatever special features whether it be brma anterior fontal Vex Lambda two frontal Eminence two parital eminence emary for amen and the important vein which is passing through this it is the Emissary vein yes love and respect from Afghanistan VRI thank you so mucha abishek sha Shakil very good very gooda what about rest thumbs up okay no need to worry better shut AMA Shake okay okay H so now I hope all the points are like clear and the birth of interor font okay now can anyone tell me in the chat box guys why enior Fontanel and what is what is the purpose of anterior Fontanel and posterior Fontanel I I've told you the purpose why why it is like Jesus is Lord yes okay now coming on to the next one that is that is the Norma ois the Norma ois guys again we are going to discuss this in various various aspects so first let us let us just try to understand the very first thing that you have to remember it is the posterior aspect of skull H so it is the posterior aspect of skull it is the posterior aspect of skull this is the posterior view I hope you can appreciate this is the posterior view it helps you during delivery of the baby yes it gives the space for yes H sh Khan will explain sir thank you B thank you so much yes yes yes very good Gus very good so you guys are like rocking yeah see I'm starting from very Basics that is that is something I believe in because if you deal everything from Basics guys you will be like learning it uh from the scratch from like beginning so everything like in short I'm not making writing thesis or something but yeah after this if you read book it will be like yes a piece of cake for you people right now coming on to the Norma occipitalis it is the posterior aspect of the skull right now you guys are going to tell me which bones are forming it yes the bones forming it now guys the bones forming it you can very well see over here we have the perial bones these are the two perial bones we have the ospital bone ospital bone and remember guys this is the mastoid part of temporal bone I'll be discussing temporal bone in detail so no need to like yes so it is the Mesto part of temporal bone green B we have the temporal bone right which is just above the ear right so you have the temporal bone right so remember now remember guys the bones forming it yes you already know the names please try to mention it in the chat I mean in your notes as well yes we have the ital bones that is again like two in Number the ospital bone and we have like two I mean mid part of temporal bone that is again two in number guys that is again two in number two in Number the mid part of the temporal bone that is again two in number right now this ocial part this part which you can see bet over here this this part which you can see over here this is called as the squamous part of the ospital bone it is given a special name that is called as the squamous part of the ospital bone it is the squamous part I will be discussing the different parts of the oal bone but as of now remember this is the squamous part of the ocial bone this is the squamous part of the ocial bone oal bone but part which you can see posteriorly it is the squamous part of the oipal bone now guys you already know the sutures can anyone tell me yes which suture is this which suture is this sutures between the Bones Say Yes the sutures between the bones yes it is the lamboid suture very good abishek an very good very good B we have the lamboid suture again I'm just writing in short we have the lamboid suture and and guys the second one it is more like more uh important guys yes the more clear suture which you can see over here it is between the yes if you can see the suture guys this is this is which part this is the mastoid part of what bone temporal bone and this is the ocial bone this is the oipal bone and this suture guys which I'm highlighting beta it it is called as yes ooid suture it is called as yes this is called as the oito mastoid suture now again makes the sense guys it is between the ospital bone and the myoid part of temporal bone so that's why the name oito myoid suture ooid suture it is between oipal and mastoid temporal bones mid part of temporal bone OIP Mesto suture ooid suture now guys over here over here just try to see over here yes we have one suture guys if if you can just see over here yes this suture it is like between the okay let me let me just try to highlight this I'm highlighting with this blue color and you are going to tell me the name this suture it is present between which two bones CH this blue colored suture it is present between which two bones say answer let us let us just try to answer this yes it is present between okay one part I have written the Mesto part of the temporal bone and one bone it is but yeah the name of the bone yes peral and temporal Osama abishek sha very good correct answer yes peroid yes peral bone or mid part Beach parital bone or mid part Beach right so it is the peroid suture peroid Su right we have the pero very good very good Maria Shakil very good H CH very good very good guys this is the peroid suture this is the peroid suture so yes right now now guys over here there are something something like you have to remember you can just mention over here in the notes as well in the notes also you can mention yes the peroid suture peroid suture the peroid suture yes temporal because exactly is the mid part of the temporal B right now now over here guys just just try to remember so the special features which is which is again a point of concern over here okay I will be discussing the special features over here the special features right the special features of Norma occipitalis now guys let me let me just erase this so that I can just show you yes I hope everything is like pretty clear to everyone yeah now guys just try to see over here we have something called as yes the external OIP Al protuberance right we have something called as the external ospital protuberance and in between we have the crest right so this is this is called as external means Bahar oipal means it is present on the oipal bone protuberance protuberance a thing which is coming like outside right external prot right external ospital protuberance or beacha part especially it is called as the crest it is called as the crest now how to identify guys in a normal bone now guys if if you know that we have a foramin in the oal bone can anyone tell me the name of the foramin that is present in the oipal bone if I just try to show you okay let me let me just try to show you one picture can anyone identify this particular foramin beta over here yes it is the Osama very good an very good this is this is the foramin Magnum this is the foramin Magnum oal bone Forin Magnum if we take a line from the Forin Magnum guys and and till the Lambda till the Lambda guys for Magnum say Lambda so basically this part beta this is called as the external ospital protuberance external ospital protuberance daily at 10 p.m. rali yes very good very good which is called as the lamboid suture lamboid suture say if I try to draw a line and if I extend this line to foramin Magnum exactly in the mid of this lineid that is called as external oal protuberance please please please mention this in your notes we have external ospital protuberant external ospital protuberance and remember guys it is this protuberance this ubar it is basically yes this is basically between sachidanand very good why my writing pad is like now it is yeah midway between guys remember it is midway between Lambda and foramin Magnum Magnum through which what is passing the spinal cord right spinal cord right now guys remember it Center if if I just want to highlight this over here exactly Center guys this Center exactly the center it is called as the yes it is called as yes the Inon Inon guys it is called as the Inon right so exactly the center of this oal protuberance Beach part that is that is called as the Inon right so remember guys it is yeah its Center is called as Inon it's centered it is called as Inon right now remember guys the upper part over here the upper part paa of this protuberance basically will give rise to a muscle that is that is called as yes the trapezius muscle beta very very very important the upper part okay the upper part of this protuberance it is basically giving rise to a muscle that is called as the trapezius muscle that is called as the trapezius muscle remember so please remember one muscle that I have taught you over here that the upper part gives origin to very important trapezius muscle which muscle that is that is the trapezius muscle beta that is the trapezius muscle right I I will be coming to yes now guys the lower part of this yes the lower part basically gives rise to yes the lower part gives rise to a ligament that is called as the neutral ligament that is called as the neutral ligament guys right the lower part basically gives attachment to the upper part neutral ligament is present like all below all below right right but over here remember that the yes the upper part basically will be like giving rise to this neutral ligament right so yes so remember yes uh I mean the lower part gives attachment to neutral ligament neutral ligament guys the neutral ligament right so that is that is something you have to remember about the external oal protuberance right Lambda or for Magnum mid that is called as the external oance midpoint Center or muscle attachment neutal ligament neutral ligament now guys coming on to the external ospital Crest now external ospital crest external ospital Crest now this it is the bone it is the bone ocial bone what is Crest now guys this is a line line becomes thick it is a little thick it is called as border and if this border becomes more thick guys this is this is called as Crest Crest thickened border Crest means thickened border Prest means thickened B now guys just try to see over here line guys which is like extending below thick border this is this is called as the external yes yes it is the external ospital crest external oal Crest right so it extends from the external oal PAB um protuberance above right to the posterior border suppose you foramin Magnum Forin Magnum so external o posterior border of for Magnum posterior border of foramin Magnum posterior border of foramin Magnum right if if you just want to see beta over here magn Magnum B I'm waiting for your answers everyone h shic this is this is the posterior border or anterior the posterior border external oal Crest right it is called as the external oal Crest very good an Shakil Osama mandha very good very good beta very good so remember guys over here that this oal Crest right so this is the one which is like yeah extends from external ospital protuberance external ospital protuberance okay and remember two posterior bottom of Forin Magnum to posterior border of foramin Magnum remember guys one more attachment over here on this Crest basically the neutral ligament is attached and especially the base of the neutal ligament is attached it gives attachment to base of neutral ligament base of the neutral ligament it gives attachment to the base of the neutal ligament right it gives attachment extend right now guys we have three lines over here that I I wanted to tell you that I just wanted to tell you guys yes now guys just try to look at this picture over here okay now we have something called as we have something called as the superior neutral line now when I say line guys line Rich be we call it as Ridge also line it is also called as the ridge line it is also called as Ridge so we have a superior neutral line remember guys this Superior neutral line it is extending from the external yes oal protuberance right yes it is extending from the external ospital protuberance this line guys which is extending both the ways this is this is called as the superior neutral line it is called as Superior neutral line remember below this guys yes below the superior neutral line guys remember we have this yes these lines these are called as the inferior neutral line these are called as the inferior neutral line and just 1 cm above a faint line is present a very very faint rich is present and this is called as the highest neutral Line This is called as the highest neutral line this is this is called as the highest neutral line this is called as the highest neutral line guys this is called as the highest neutral line just external protuberance say we have starting of the superior neutral line below inferior and just 1 cm above we see a very faint line and that is that is called as the highest neutral line highest neutral line so yes so I hope this is clear so you can see the Superior neutral line it is starting from the external ospital protuberance and it is going towards the mid part the mid process right so remember guys let us let us just try to write this all the three lines they are very very very important and all the muscle attachments are like very very important so remember guys we have yes the superior neutral line the superior neutral line yes we have the okay the inferior neutral line the inferior neutral line and above Superior we have the highest neutral line highest neutral line right we have the these three neutral lines which are again very very very important now guys if if you just want to draw you can just like draw right one going from here to here this is the superior neutral line right below this this yes we have the inferior neutral line right this is and just 1 cm above a faint line is there this is called as the highest neutral line highest neutral line highest neutral line right highest neutral line now now guys just remember over here guys in the superior neutral line the medial 1/3 the medial 1/3 will give origin along with the ospital protuberant will give origin to trapezius muscle the medial 1/3 of the superior neutral line will give attachment I mean the origin to which muscle trapezius muscle the lateral 1/3 of the superior neutral line will give yes yes we'll give insertion to one muscle and that is that is called as okay the Sterno cleoid muscle the stern cleoid muscle very very very important the stern cleoid muscle now guys even if you just try to see this muscle which which I'm just pinching on my neck right now this is this is called as the stoc cloid muscle okay so Superior neutral line remember guys yes I'm talking only about the attachments the medial 1/3 will give origin to yes trpes ious muscle trapezius muscle and that is that is the origin and lateral 1/3 it gives attachment to stero cleoid muscle Sterno cleoid muscle and that is that is again insertion guys this is insertion this is insertion right this is insertion main main things you have to like remember inferior neutral line guys okay okay so inferior has nothing guys inferior it is between the superior neutral line okay and you already know yes so it is like middle of the ocial crest right so we have the inferior neutral line as such no attachment is there over here so no need to worry about this right highest neutral line again again it is a point of concern over here the highest neutral line okay the highest neutral line will be giving attachment to okay the medial part the medial part and the lateral part the medial part basically gives attachment to epicranial epon Neurosis I will be discussing this in detail no need to worry I will be discussing this in detail it is called as the epicranial epon Neurosis epicranial epon neurosis and remember the lateral part gives origin to ospital belly of oo frontalis muscle oito frontalis muscle oipal belly of Ocio frontalis muscle and this is this is the origin beta as of now just try to remember the name I will be discussing each muscle in detail but as of now just try to remember the name it is the oal belly of Ocio frontalis muscle oal belly of Ocio frontalis muscle right so if you can see the highest neutral line guys you can see this part this part will be giving rise to yes you already know external cranial epon Neurosis right it is the external or the I can simply say the epicranial epon neurosis epicranial epon Neurosis right and the lateral part will be giving origin yes to ospital belly of right it is the oipal belly of oo frontalis muscle oo frontalis muscle oipal Belly of the Ocio frontalis muscle so that is status about the three neutral lines the inferior one not necessarily important Superior one and the highest one how to recognize the highest neutral line it is just 1 cmet above the superior neutral line Superior neutral line you can recognize like clearly and just 1 cm above we have the highest neutral line right now yes there there is one foramin guys over here right there is there is one foramin one more foramin that you have to like remember guys in the mid part that is called as the mid emary foramin we have a foramin over here yes that is that is called as the misto emary foramin right so this mid amary foramin basically gives passage to the emary vein okay mid emary foramin right we have a foramin over here that is the mid Emissary foramin giving passage to the emary V so just give me a thumbs up guys if Norma ois is also done the Norma ois is also done the bones the sutures you already know and and the special features the external oipal protuberant the crest the neutral lines right the Inon these things and the mus attachments yes abishek sha very good very good beta sahil very good very good beta what about rest reply say what about rest are others alive sh actually I'm working in hospital as well rali otherwise I would love to take the class in the morning Shakil very good M just rali if you can like adjust because live classes are more interactive and like you will try to learn a more now coming on to noral frontalis coming on to the noral frontalis and we are just going to discuss it like yes yes it is the anterior aspect of the skull remember guys it is the anterior aspect of skull it is the anterior aspect of the skull right now guys what are the bones that are forming it what are the bones that are for forming it now guys which Bones you can see can you identify this bone that is the frontal bone that is the frontal bone guys right so remember we have the frontal bone yes we have the frontal bone the second one guys the second one you can very well see the zygomatic bones right these are the zygomatic bones ah the squamous part of the frontal bone yes yes right right right right right P the zygomatic bone how many zygomatic bones are there remember they are two in number we have this zygomatic bone also so these are two in number right the third one guys remember the major bones I'm talking about these are the maxillary Bones the two maxillary bones maxillary bones again they are two in number right now uniting to form the upper jaw Max bones will form the upper jaw and the major bones like below yes it is the mandible it is the mandible mandible is like only one over here right the mandible right so we have the mandible mandible is only one and you already know it forms the lower jaw it forms the lower jaw it forms the lower jaw right so that is that is something you have to remember the major bones we are talking about uh sahil over here yes now guys if if if I just want to highlight the parts of these uh now the parts of these bones guys now remember guys they are basically okay before for the parts let us let us first discuss the sutures okay the sutures between the bones sutures between the bones now I think sahil you were the one uh you were like telling me K sir frontal bone it is uh okay we have one suture in between the frontal bone guys and that is that is yes in between the frontal bone it is not visible over here guys again telling you this suture it is called as metopic suture it is called as the metopic suture the first one we have the metopic suture again guys this suture it is visible I mean it is between the two halves of the frontal bone let us let us just write down it is between two halves of frontal bone two halfes of the frontal bone and just remember it is present in 9% of the population only that's why I've not mentioned at that time it is present in 9% of population 8 to 9% of population only that is it is between the two halves and this suture like over here in this image it is not visible as well right so it is the yes now the second one guys the frontal nasal suture the front to nasal suture and you guys yes Sony uh Thalamus was left I I'll just try to like revise it later okay the front to nasal suture guys can you tell me it is present between which two bones anyone in the chat box who would like to address it is present between which two bones the front to nasal suture now guys you can very well see this is the nasal bone this is the nasal bone it is present between the frontal bone and the nasal bone yes medicine with sah this is this is the front to nasal suture fronto nasal suture it will be present like both the sides fronto nasal suture I even don't need to write it now can you tell me guys over here if you just try to clearly see this suture it is present between which two bones can you tell me the name of the suture it is present between which two bones yes you can see the maxila beta you can see the maxilla going up and frontal bone going down it is called as frontal maxillary suture it is called as the frontal maxillary suture yes yes very good n Manda it is it is the maxillary bone right it is the maxillary bone right so max if you just try to see over here please please Focus I'm not focusing on the frontal I mean Max maxillary nasal suture I'm talking about this suture okay this suture on both the sides between maxilla and frontal bone above frontal bone above and below we have maxilla it is the frontal maxillary suture the third one guys that you have to remember it is the frontal maxillary suture the frontal maxillary suture now I would request everyone to answer this guys okay this particular suture can anyone tell me what is the name of this suture guys or even you can tell me which bones are forming the suture if anyone can tell me which bones are like forming the suture H say sh yes medicine with s very good syoa miary okay very good Max Max very good sty very good so the fourth one that you have to remember in the row it is zyo matico maxillary suture zygomatic maxillary suture right now in between the maxillary bone this suture can anyone tell me the name of this suture guys this is zygomatic maxillary suture maxillary Beach between the two maxillary bones yes we have H the inter maxillary suture yes abishek sha very good Mand very good anything which is like in between the two it is called as inter maxillary suture inter maxillary suture it is called as the inter maxillary suture right it is called as the inter maxillary suture right we have like more sutures guys but as of now the um okay if you just want to see guys in between the nasal bones we have internasal suture inter nasal suture in between the nasal bones if if you can just clearly see guys yes if I just I'm just trying to make it like in between the nasal bones this is the internasal suture inter nasal suture this between the zygomatic bone and the frontal bone yes zyo matico frontal suture yes it is the zyo matico frontal fure zygomatic frontal suture right so that is that is something you guys have to remember okay clear just give me a thumbs up in the chat box guys if the B are clear if the sutures are clear all the sutures in the frontal aspect they are clear to you just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if in the normal frontalis the boms are clear the sutures are clear right CH medicine with sahil very good very good yes what about rest guys are you all alive now guys if if we talk about the parts if we talk about the parts of Norma frontalis Norma frontalis We have basically bet three parts please write down that it is the upper part which is the forehead the middle part which is composed of cavities right which is composed of cavities right we have the two orbital cavities I mean you can see the orbital orbits we have two orbital cavities which are the major ones or bital cavities yes and one which is below which you can see the nasal cavity this is the nasal cavity one nasal cavity the orbits in which the eyeballs are there and when which we have the nasal cavity right the nasal cavity and the lower part which is like formed by the upper jaw upper jaw that is the maxilla and lower jaw which is mandible lower jaw which is mandible so the parts of normal frontalis are nothing but the upper part that is the forehead then we have the middle part that is having the cavities two orbital and one nasal and lower part which is having the Jaws the upper jaw formed from the mexa and the lower jaw which is the mandle the lower jaw which is the mandible right so these are the basic three parts that you have to know in Norma frontalis now guys coming on to the special features coming on to the special features right we are now going to discuss about the special features over here I hope till now whatever we have discussed guys it is clear to everyone of you just give me a thumbs up another 10 15 minutes we'll be discussing the special features and then I will leave you just give me a thumbs up guys medicine with sahil abishek sha very good sh I'm waiting for your thumbs up everyone please let me know yeah if you are alive now guys we have something called as the frontal eminence we have something called as Shakil very good very good what about rest guys are you all alive we have parital Eminence we have already discussed the parital Eminence the most Conex part right over here also we have the frontal Eminence frontal Eminence and remember they are the most prominent areas okay most prominent areas yes Sara Akil I will be starting daily at 9 or 10 p.m. so remember we are the frontal Eminence it is the most prominent areas on either side of forehead no need to write like so much coming on to the next one coming on to the next one guys that is stus the super sary arches coming on to the next one yes we have something called as the super ciliary arches these arches Guys these arches these are called as the super sary arches Arch Arch it is just like this guys can you see the super sary arches right the super ciliary arches yes now this super ciliary arches are elevated elevated lines guys especially I will say it lines because they are just like line or ridge ridge or line please try to remember guys rich and line means the same thing so we have super ciliary arches and remember these are elevated elevated r arched riches Arch Arch Arch arched riches right just above the medal parts of the superior orbital margin like these are like AR reges are more prominent in males these are more prominent in males right now now guys this medial part okay between the two Superior sary Arch okay the median elevation between the two Superior sary Arch it is called as the glabella this part this part between the two super ciliary Arch it is called as the glabella okay now video will be there on YouTube guys if anyone feeling tired please make yourself rela no need to like uh I won't delete the video and I hope the team also won't delete it so please please don't worry about this join my telegram group that is do man doc man if anyone is leaving you can like like have access to the notes over there I will be like uploading it after the class okay so we have glabella glabella it is median elevation okay it is a median elevation between two super ciliary arches and it is just above the root of the nose right so that is that is the glabella guys right so median elevation median elevation between the two super ciliary Arch two super ciliary Arch right and it is just above the root of the nose now guys you can very well see over here if you can just tell me which suture is this if you can just tell me which suture is this which I have pointed right now and and guys if you can just tell me one more suture that I'm pointing it right now which suture is this yes medicine withas bones interal we have the internasal suture right or you frontal frto nasal suture right so these two sutures you guys already know yes shail abishek yes very good very good guys guys just try to see over here okay just try to see over here the the meeting point guys the meeting point of fronto nasal suture right the fronto nasal and internasal suture op say front nasal or Beach say nasal suture this meeting point guys this is something which is called as naason op front nasal or inter nasal that is that is something called as the Nason guys right so remember point of meeting point of meeting between remember yes point of meeting off better of two yes of front Nel and Inter nasal suture front nasal and internasal suture frontonasal and internasal suture right frontonasal and Inter nasal suture right now coming on to one of the notch or foramin guys over here please please please just try to see over here in this particular site there is a notch guys over here which you can see which you can appreciate over here this Notch this u-shaped Notch okay I'm I'm just trying to delete the other ones the sutures you already know now this not that is called as the super ciliary note or it is also called as foramin okay it is the super sary not it will be present both sides please super sary not or foramin so the fifth one the super sary notch or it is also called as the super sary foramin the super ciliary foramin and remember guys through this for now guys remember let us let us just try to see where exactly this is present I am please sorry I'm like pointing out this naon over here and Superior sary Arch you already know yes the superior sary Arch now guys this Notch it is present just in between the medial one right it is just between the medial one and lateral 2/3 lateral side say 23 medial side say 1/3 or okay it is present at medial 1/3 from the midline 1/3 and lateral 2/3 not exactly so that is like medial 1/3 and lateral 2/3 and remember guys from this note what is what is so special that is passing yes you should know guys we have the Supra orbital nerve Supra orbital nerve supraorbital artery Supra orbital vein so all this basically it is passing through this Notch we have the vein artery and the nerve the vein artery and the nerve yes super sary no or foramin yes so remember guys basically what is passing through this foramin we have yes the super ciliary vessels now when I say vessels guys I'm talking about the arteries and the veins and the super ciliary nerve right we have the super ciliary nerve as well right yes super sary Nerf Super cery Nerf yet Vlogs for nation hello Dr abijit hi hi hi who are you come with your real name SH now guys coming on to the next one coming on to the next one you have the nasal bones right you I think I even don't need to tell you yes the nasal bones are there the two nasal bones right basically they from the bridge of the nose right so okay the nasal bones basically they articulate with the frontal bone above and and on the sides we have the mexa bone on the sides we have the mexa bone and in Middle we have the internasal suture in between the nasal and maxilla okay naso maxillary suture and between the frontal and the nasal B frontal nasal suture these all sutures I have already discussed with you Dr prakash okay I like I don't yeah so that is that is something you guys already know okay so yes this opening guys which you can see over here this opening which you can see over here that is that is actually called as the nasal aperture that is called as the pform aperture like peer shaped so that is that is called as the pform aperture okay pform aperture and and guys uh basically the lower part of the nasal bones if you can just clearly see the lower margins of the nasal bone basically they are the ones which are forming the upper part of the pform aperture it is Bones abukar Ahmed greeting to you Dr abijit from Somali okay abukar hello hello hello yeah like I'm I'm the most Savage doctor so yeah I have been given this name I've done a reality show I mean as a doctor on set the splitsvilla 15 splitsvilla 14 and I have been given the name by the crew and the contestants over there only the Savage doctor so I'm I'm being the most Savage one so yes i' I've been a doctor in reality shows as well so that's why so I always say love from the Savage doctor and that's that's actually me so yeah now guys coming on to the psychomatic bones over here coming on to the zygomatic bones so nasal bonesa bones SP the zygomatic bones we don't have over here okay now coming on to the zymatic bones asori hi bet zygomatic bones now the zygomatic bones has like four process now what is what is beta actually meant by the term process now when I say process guys process means when I say process process simply means that part of the bone which is coming out for example you have your own body and your part of the Upper Limb it is coming out right it is the part of the body only the Upper Limb similarly in Bones beta we have the body of the bone and there are certain parts of the bone which are extended or which are coming out these this is something which is called as process this is something which is called as the process bet right so in the zygomatic bones remember we have like four processes four processes and I even don't need to tell you guys because you are very well aware of these four processes of the zygomatic bone just clearly try to see over here guys just clearly try to see over here this zygomatic bone one part of the zygomatic bone it is going towards which bone can anyone tell me in the chat box this part of the zygomatic bone it is going towards which which bone again the name will be based on that part only this is the part of zygomatic bone it is going towards which bone guys yes it is going towards which B anyone in the chat box yes abukar Ahmad very good it is going towards the frontal bone it is going towards the frontal bone so remember yes beta we have the frontal process of zygomatic bone this is this is called as the frontal process of zygomatic bone so we have frontal process of zymatic bone the frontal process of the zymatic bone the frontal process of the psychomatic bone now one process guys it is going behind towards the temporal bone if if you just want to see in the lateral view it will be more clear so I will just take you to one of the views over here yes if you can see guys this process this is zygomatic only and this is the process which is going towards which bone that is the temporal bone now this is called as the temporal process of FR uh this zygomatic bone okay it is called as the temporal process it is articulating with which bone temporal this is the frontal process this is the frontal bone right and this is yes the zygomatic which part the frontal process of the zygomatic bone right so please just try to mention it in your notes as well we have the temporal process of zygomatic bone which is going towards the temporal bone only it is the temporal process of the psychomatic bone right yes now guys one which is coming towards the maxilla guys it is called as the maxillary process the one which is going towards the maxilla it is called as the maxillary process of zygomatic bone right it is called as maxillary process of zygomatic bone it is called as the maxillary process of of zymatic bone the aary process of the zymatic bone and and we have one more guys we have one more okay that is that is forming the orbital plate above right the orbital plate above right this is this is the yes yes so we have one process yes that is the orbital plate which you have to remember now this orbital plate it is basically sharing in front of the lateral wall you can see this is the lateral wall of the orbit this side one beach mediaa the side one it is the lateral wall of the orbit and the floor of the orbital cavity right it's forming the lateral wall on the floor so that is that is the um orbital plate which you can see over here right clear just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if this is clear to everyone over here sh Shakil very good very good bet very good uh abishek sha very good now one more thing one more thing guys I want to say over here it's it's not actually mentioned over here there is no foramin which is shown over here in the zygomatic part so there there again beta is a foramin and that is that is called as the zyo matico facial foramin okay we have zyo matico facial foramin now we have zygomaticofacial nerves and vessels zygomatic facial artery zygomaticofacial vein and the zygomatic facial nerve passing through this foramin which is located in the yes the zygomatic bone over here the zygomatic bone over here is it done everyone yes just give me a thumbs up if it is done yeah again guys one important part that I have to discuss over here yeah the next it is the yes the maxillary bones so yes Max bones let us let us just try to uh like discuss tomorrow regarding the maxilla okay let us just try to discuss I will be telling you in short about the maxilla or you can just mention it over here as well because individually anyways I'm going to discuss every bones right so you already know we have the two maxillary bones just for the sake of completion of this topic you should know bet we have the two maxillary bones right they articulate together in in the front forming the inter maxillary suture right now right so basically the maxillary bone has a body okay it is containing maxillary air sinus it is containing the maxillary air sinus maxillary air sinus yes it's it's beneficial for both beta it's beneficial for both even the Prof exams also in neat PG like if you have no basics please just try to look at that right yes we have the frontal process now when I say frontal process guys this frontal process articulates with the frontal bone right it articulates with the frontal bone above okay then we have the nasal Bones on the lateral side right yes on on the medial side sorry and on the lateral side we have the zygomatic bone the zygomatic bone right now apart from that apart from that guys remember the interior surface okay I will be discussing this again guys no need to worry just remember guys the anterior surface it has various various parts we have the nasal Notch right we have anterior nasal spine canine Eminence canine fosa iners all those teeth whilea structure will be over here right we have alular process absolutely no need to worry if you don't understand this right now I will be discussing this bone in detail and along with that remember we have the zygomatic process zygomatic process because again I have to explain this guys I will be like more focusing when I will be discussing the osteology of the maxilla osteology of the maxilla in detail right so as of now just mention it over here I will be discussing the osteology of the maxilla and mandible in detail because these are very very important bones right maxilla and mandible in detail right so important points you already know all the sutures you know all the special features which we have talked about and the various parts in the front Norma frontalis right we have discussed Norma ois in we have discussed about the noral verticalis and different aspects of the skull and all the bones that are present in the skull so I hope guys you all enjoyed we will be discussing each bone in detail so no need to worry we are just discussing the different aspects and we are just discussing the different different I mean the important so once again when we discuss again you are at least aware of the some parts right so just give me a thumbs up guys if you enjoyed today's lecture yeah Thumbs Up chat box that you enjoy it and for the notes guys you please telegram group that is Doc May and for doubts guys you can text me on my insta ID that is yes abijit Kumar 7859 very good muganda Vin sh abish akiles AMA Rohit shil yes suan very good abijit Kumar 7859 right insta ID for the doubts telegram for the notes right so let us let us meet tomorrow at 9 or 10 right so I'll be again meeting at 9: or 10 p.m. I'll let you know guys and we'll be discussing the other aspects of the skull tomorrow right so don't worry very difficult topic but I will try to make it easier for you okay maxila mandal again I will be discussing it in osteology so even if you just know the names it's okay for me and the sutures okay so bye