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1.1 - Understanding Cryptocurrency Wallets & Keys

Dec 18, 2024

Cryptocurrency Wallets

What is a Crypto Wallet?

  • A digital version of a physical wallet.
  • Stores and manages digital currencies like Bitcoin or Ethereum.

Key Roles of a Crypto Wallet

  1. Storing Crypto
    • Keeps cryptocurrencies safe and accessible.
  2. Sending/Receiving Crypto
    • Enables sending and receiving cryptocurrencies.

Types of Wallets

1. Hot Wallets

  • Definition: Wallets connected to the internet (e.g., apps, desktop, browser).
  • Usage: Ideal for daily transactions and trading.
  • Options:
    • Exodus Wallet: Multichain desktop and mobile wallet; allows for swapping and bridging cryptocurrencies across many chains quickly and affordably.
    • Metamask Wallet: Browser and mobile wallet; integrates with most decentralized applications (dApps), such as OpenSea, decentralized exchanges (DEXs), web3 games, etc.
    • Rabby

2. Cold Wallets

  • Definition: Wallets not connected to the internet.
  • Usage: Suitable for long-term storage and security.
  • Options:
    • Ledger
    • Trezor
    • Bitkey

Wallet Keys

A. Public Keys

  • Function like an email address.
  • Used to receive funds.

B. Private Keys/Keyphrases

  • Similar to an email password.
  • Should never be shared and must be securely stored in a physical location (e.g., safe, safety deposit box).

How Do Wallet Keys Work?

  • A crypto wallet functions like a locked mailbox with a "PUBLIC" address and a "PRIVATE" lock.

A. Public Key = Public Address

  • Allows anyone to deliver mail but not send mail out.

B. Private Key = Private Lock

  • Allows access to remove mail from the mailbox.

Private Phrase vs. Private Key

A. Private Phrase

  • Consists of 12 or 24 algorithmically generated words.
  • Can be used to generate multiple wallets that can be accessed with the phrase.

B. Private Key

  • A string of random characters, a 1:1 encrypted hash of a single wallet.
  • Only provides access to one wallet, cannot unlock others generated by the same private phrase.

Important Note

  • ALWAYS BACKUP YOUR PRIVATE KEY in a safe place, preferably in a physical format (e.g., handwritten on paper).