Lecture Notes: Human Body Systems and Functions

Largest Organ of the Human Body

• Answer: Skin
• Functions: Protection, temperature regulation, sensations.

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

• Primary Function: Oxygen transport.

Hormone Regulating Metabolism

• Hormone: Thyroxin (T4)
• Produced by: Thyroid gland.
• Role: Regulates metabolism.

Alveoli Function in Lungs

• Primary Function: Oxygen exchange.

Primary Tissue Types in the Human Body

• Not a Primary Type: Neuronal (subtype of connective tissue).
• Primary Types: Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous.

Brain Function: Basic Bodily Functions

• Responsible Part: Medulla oblongata
• Functions: Breathing, heart rate regulation.

Urinary System Function

• Primary Function: Excretion of waste products.

Hormone for Blood Sugar Regulation

• Hormone: Insulin
• Produced by: Pancreas.

Nutrient Absorption in Digestive System

• Responsible Part: Small intestine.

Lymphatic System Function

• Primary Function: Immune defense.

Master Gland of Endocrine System

• Gland: Pituitary gland
• Role: Controls other endocrine glands.

Spleen Function

• Primary Function: Blood filtration.

Human Eye: Focusing Light

• Responsible Part: Lens

Skeletal System Function

• Primary Function: Movement.

Respiratory System Function

• Primary Function: Gas exchange.

Voluntary Muscle Control

• Type: Skeletal muscle.

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

• Primary Function: Immune defense.

Circulatory System Components

• Non-component: Lungs (part of the respiratory system).

Pancreas Function

• Role: Regulation of blood sugar.

Adrenal Glands Function

• Primary Function: Fight or flight response.

Non-Digestive System Organ

• Organ: Lungs.

Esophagus Function

• Primary Function: Transport of food from mouth to stomach.

Hormone for Sleep-Wake Cycle

• Hormone: Melatonin
• Produced by: Pineal gland.

Gallbladder Function

• Primary Function: Storage of bile.

Central Nervous System (CNS) Component

• Component: Spinal cord.

Epiglottis Function

• Primary Function: Protect trachea during swallowing.

Male Reproductive System

• Non-part: Uterus.

Hypothalamus Function

• Primary Function: Control of body temperature.

Large Intestine Functions

• Non-function: Nutrient absorption.

Muscle in Internal Organs

• Type: Smooth muscle.

Ear Function: Sound Transmission

• Responsible Part: Eardrum (tympanic membrane).

Liver Functions

• Non-function: Blood filtration.

Cornea Function in Eye

• Primary Function: Bending and focusing light.

Semicircular Canals in Ear

• Role: Balance and spatial orientation.

Thymus Gland Function

• Primary Function: Immune system development.

Blood Functions

• Non-function: Digestion of food.

Trachea Function

• Primary Function: Airway passage.

Brain: Higher Cognitive Functions

• Responsible Part: Cerebrum.

Adrenal Medulla Function

• Primary Function: Secretion of stress hormones.

Eustachian Tube Function

• Primary Function: Equalization of air pressure.

Brain: Hunger, Thirst, and Temperature Regulation

• Responsible Part: Hypothalamus.

Gallbladder in Digestive System

• Primary Function: Storage of bile.

Non-Endocrine System Component

• Non-component: Spleen.

Semilunar Valves in Heart

• Primary Function: Prevent backflow of blood into ventricles.

Spleen Function

• Primary Function: Blood filtration.

Pancreatic Hormone

• Hormone: Glucagon.

Optic Nerve Function

• Primary Function: Transmit visual signals to the brain.

Brain: Voluntary Muscle Movement and Balance

• Responsible Part: Cerebellum.

Pineal Gland Function

• Primary Function: Regulation of sleep-wake cycles.