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EU-US Trade Deal Summary

Jul 31, 2025

Summary

  • Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnik outlined the details and anticipated impact of a newly negotiated trade deal between the United States and the European Union, signed in Scotland.
  • The agreement features new 15% tariffs on most EU exports to the US, elimination of EU tariffs on US goods, and significant commitments for EU investment and energy purchases from the US.
  • Discussions also covered ongoing and upcoming trade negotiations with other countries, including South Korea and China, with final tariff rates to be set by the end of the week.
  • The status of TikTok and its relevance to China negotiations was briefly touched upon.

Action Items

  • End of this week – President Trump: Set final tariff rates for ongoing and prospective trade deals.
  • Ongoing – Commerce Secretary Lutnik and Ambassador Greer: Continue discussions with South Korea and finalize deal terms as directed by the President.
  • Ongoing – US Trade Team: Monitor outcomes and commitments from EU businesses regarding the $600 billion investment in the US.
  • Ongoing – US Trade Team: Track progress of China negotiations, including the possible 90-day extension.

EU-US Trade Deal Details

  • The EU agreed to a 15% tariff on most of its $600 billion in annual exports to the US (excluding some goods like aircraft parts).
  • The EU will remove tariffs on approximately $400 billion in US exports, granting US businesses, farmers, and fishermen improved market access.
  • The EU committed to $750 billion in energy purchases from the US, aiming to shift procurement away from adversary nations.
  • European companies pledged an additional $600 billion in US investments during President Trump’s term, on top of their typical annual investment levels.

Status of Other Trade Negotiations

  • Trade deals with the United Kingdom, Philippines, Indonesia, Japan, and Vietnam have already been completed.
  • South Korea is actively seeking a new trade agreement, with discussions held in Scotland; further negotiations are pending the President’s decision.
  • President Trump is expected to finalize tariff rates for multiple countries by the end of the week; this will set the standard going forward for new agreements.
  • US tariffs have generated $124.3 billion in revenue this year, an 8% increase from last year.

China Trade Negotiations

  • Ongoing talks are taking place in Geneva, with the possibility of a 90-day extension being discussed.
  • The final decision on the extension and related issues will be made by President Trump.
  • TikTok is not currently part of the trade negotiation framework with China, but may be discussed as an adjacent issue.

Decisions

  • US-EU trade deal finalized — The EU will pay 15% tariffs on most exports to the US while removing tariffs on US goods, alongside commitments for energy purchases and investment; deal aims to correct trade imbalance and boost US economic interests.
  • Final tariff rates for pending trade deals to be set by week’s end — President Trump will decide rates, with all pending negotiations due for resolution.

Open Questions / Follow-Ups

  • Will President Trump approve a 90-day extension in China trade talks?
  • What specific measures are in place to ensure the $600 billion EU company investment commitments are fulfilled?
  • Will additional trade agreements with countries such as South Korea be completed before the end of the week?
  • Will TikTok become directly involved in US-China trade negotiations in the near future?