Transcript for:
Atoms and Molecules Overview

so hi everyone exams are near but why To fear when your Prashant bhaiya is here So remember this whenever problems arise Prashant Bhaiya is standing with you and this is the problem I have come today with the solution for this, next chapter Bringing to you what is Atoms End molecule big problem is coming problem It is coming brother what is valency brother give me some tricks so that I can learn all the tricks There are atoms, atomic mass is very high It becomes easy for them to remember all the things How do I remember all this so much valency I told you all these things, stop it friend, why? two fear one prashant baya is here tujhe itni I will give you such good techniques and so many new ones I will teach you things and have fun In the next one and a half hour, this will end the chapter completely First of all tell me how is the energy meter How are you? Your energy should remain absolutely high. You have double the energy than I do. It should happen only then will it be fun, okay so let's start So let's get started quickly again I know time is short, lots of time There will be students who will be You must be watching it next day but remember one thing Indian Railway and Indian Students There is one thing common between both of them I have the same mindset of covering the night The railway people also say that we will take it at night Students also say that we will cover it The whole syllabus will be covered at night and that too I have come to cover the syllabus So let's read it carefully, so let's go ahead All topics Laws of Chemical We will all read combinations etc. and this Inside the lecture, you will have to pay at the end You are going to get lots of concepts too The price of books in schools If the concept is detailed then I will also go into as much detail I will not teach you but yes within 10 minutes For those children for whom the paper is coming You will get the complete concept in 10 minutes I will explain the concept, ok All the points will be important There will be questions and the paper I will teach I will come and remember you have tried till now You must have tried it, Prashant Bhaiya They teach, it comes in the paper, how does it come that is a different matter, now come and read the whole thing Listen to things and tell them when they don't appear in the paper Let's see today a little bit brother Bhaiya understands history in science class My history is like this, yes brother The day you will teach me history too If you want then come and see the big picture in history Shockingly, who discovered this atom? Curry was an Indian philosopher whose name was What was Maharishi Kannada and what did he do He told me that there is one thing what do we call metal or What do we say about matter and when we they keep breaking down the matter They keep on breaking the tiniest thing gets formed inside which they called what nuclear and he said this It is nuclear, we should divide it further I can't break it any more I said okay, I agreed with what he said. I said, okay sir, you are absolutely right. Then after that came the ancient Greeks Who was a scientist? Who were ours? Democrats and what Lucifer did they do He said that the small one It is a particle, they have named it which he called atom He said that whatever an atom is, it The Smallett particle occurs when you You will see the thing, whether it is my hand or a pen Pencil is anything, it is made of atoms okay this pen that you are seeing is its You can believe that it is a Smollett particle is atom what is each and every thing made of It is made from your atom and then another one after that The scientist came Antony, what did he say He said he gave two laws and these This chapter is written with the help of these two laws So today we have to study which one When he gave you two laws, he said, remember this The first line he said was, okay I believe atoms are building blocks of matter I absolutely believe in the help of atom The whole world is made from atoms, okay? what are building blocks What are the building blocks of matter Apart from that, there are many modern Atomic theory also has many new things but remember atoms are very small The shape of the atom is very small What is the type of spare do you understand spare do you understand spare ball type Now think about it, your ball would be like this There would have been so much football Now we know the radius of the atom What is the radius of an atom That is 1 nanometer, i.e. 10 reticle. Power - 9 meters how will you remember Nano Nine is coming inside Nano Nine is coming inside Nano is happening means n is coming and from that n you will you be able to remember that 1 nano pea is equal to 10 To power - 9 meters with this technique you can can you remember the nanometer okay son So that means its radius is this much Look it is small, 10 rate power - 9 means its what does it mean here But I will write above 1 / 10 rate power 9 the meter is very small, so small that You can't see this much even with a microscope much smaller and that is your definition of an atom that is what atom is small particle is the building block and its radius is he is so small how much is We are counting it within nanometers They are even smaller than a nanometer Whatever happens we will know everything further. yes it is small and we cannot divide it You can, but this thing is wrong, we will not do it now Don't worry, we will read in detail, we will talk about it now our scientists were doing whose His name was Antony so what did he say to him Antony ji said that brother look at two laws He gave the Laws of Chemical remember the combination, it will come in the paper define two laws of chemical combination in Understand both the lodges carefully, their This is a statement, remember it word by word because what happens inside many schools teacher, if you do that a little bit Even if I wrote a wrong word, my marks would be deducted then first see what is the law of conservation of mass and the other is the law of Both will understand constant proportion We will understand it in a great way by example You will read it in a fun way, you will enjoy it do but sit with a notebook pen notebook pen sit down and remember one thing remember one thing Keep it, I will recite a poem for you What is Shayari, son? Shayari says that take me somewhere far away take me somewhere far away Wherever you smile, that's my destination son read it look behind there is your mother Mother is standing and watching, son should read quietly Today the first law is the law of Son, now see the conservation of mass, this is the law what does the first thing statement word two say words should be remembered during a chemical reaction whenever any reaction occurs also if there is any reaction at that time total The mass of the reactant will be equal to the total Mass of product or its statement this you can also write mass can neither be CreateDrawNavigator I brought a weighing machine a weighing machine I brought it and put the compound on it which was It was 20 grams, okay, then I took another one kept the compound which was 20 grams of another What is the combined weight of these two compounds The combined weight of these two became 40 gram okay now i mixed both of these and a new compound is formed now when I discovered that new compound when I Have you got the compound weighed using a weighing machine? If you charge a commission then do you know how much the commission will be? The weight will be 40 grams i.e. the same amount of mass that was here The same amount of mass remained here; the mass did not change My son doesn't change, my mother is yours. is like a true friend, the mass will not change Mass is not like your deceptive friends which change a lot with time Great son, you will remember the mass will change No, meat is our true friend, it is always the same Bhaiya says I will remain as reactant I am like that, I am good at product bhaiya What are the reactant products? I could not understand, I did not explain it in detail above I will explain it above, please understand it carefully when Whenever there is any reaction two things happen These two things are being mixed Things are being mixed up between these two What will we say collectively? what will the reactants say Why reactant because it will react we will fight among ourselves okay and whatever happens it becomes the final one which becomes What do we say to him in reaction? Product and this is our conservation of law He says that brother, the mass of the reactant is equal to That much brother, the mass of the product will not change Always remember that the mass will always remain the same keep the mass of reactant is always equal to mass of product come on son now brother its Do I have any question above? it comes exactly as if you were looking at it Activity given in NCERT is 3.1 Let us understand this activity What was given in the activity? Took a solution x Look, I have found a solution x Son, this is that x it's not what you're thinking it's a solution x now look at this solution son you took x and got a solution y okay Suppose, suppose this was the x solution It was 10 grams, so we calculated it this came in 10 grams this was y this came in 20 grams okay then what did we do after that We mixed both of them and as soon as we Mix it and a new product came out Son, has your new product come out? It was made and when we launched this new product Calculate its weight and count it so that we can I found out that this was a new product. How much did this new product cost? It came in at Rs 30 of grams, that is, equal to the sum of these two That means is the son equal to both of them? ok if you understand this much then this activity From this we understood that yes brother the law of conservation of mass is really possible and this This is a small NCERT activity for you In which you can make a solution of copper sulphate Do you take sodium carbonate, take both you mix it up and that's it, when our The final weight of the product is exactly the same It happens, okay, and this is your law of conservation of mass let's see some come brother and see the questions It is very important to look at all the questions Any question will be visible inside the paper Give an example of this law of conservation of mass when applied to physical change now If some foolish child asked whether physical What is the change then I will show you the camera I will enter and kill you, I will enter the camera I will kill you son, remember the previous chapters I taught all the chemical and physical changes in it I taught you everything about physical change where any chemical reaction It is not evolved, what do we call it Tell me about physical changes, I can give you an example Example: Melting of ice when your eyes It melts, that means your ice I have an ice cube okay this is my ice cube The weight of this ice is 20 grams. You should try melting it sometime and see what will turn into water to calculate that water, so that water It will also be of 20 grams i.e. physical Conservation of mass even within the changes It is applicable, you can check by melting the ice You can also check it, brother, I don't believe you If you are there then check it, there is no problem We come with absolutely pure proof Come on son, let's come with proof come son let's see the next question if 12 grams of carbon and look like this A lot of questions come, it's important son This type of question will definitely be there in your paper can be seen inside speaking in question 12 grams of carbon is burnt in the presence of 32 grams of oxygen how how Much carbon dioxide will be good what is carbon dioxide, son co2 this is the formula carbon This much is known about dioxide now Today we will also learn to make a formula but at least this much Do you know the formula of carbon dioxide? what happens okay what are you saying now What is 12 grams of carbon and 32 grams of What about your oxygen which is 32 grams? tell me when we made these two react so how many grams is yours Carbon dioxide will be formed, oh brother, the law of Conservation of mass says as much as How much reactant is present in the product? How much reactant is present in the product? is 12 p 12 + 32 which will be yours will this be your 44g so that's it Your CO2 will be generated, brother we have implemented the law of I understood conservation of mass just like that Questions will come, many such questions will come, right? it is basic, very basic which needs conservation He would know about off-mass easily will do one more question let's see next speaks in a reaction to the question 4.6 Gram of barium chloride reacted with 3.4 grams of sodium sulphate is ok reaction don't pay attention to the compound right now What is this brother, look at this barium chloride I am scared, oh oh oh brother, what did you teach me Friend, you said teach me easily, what did you say you are keeping yourself well dressed, keep yourself well dressed, just keep watching this Look, okay, there is 4.6 grams of some compound and The second compound has 3.4 g of ok then If you mix these two then a new product will be created came and the product came two products came one The product came in 2.8 gms and the other The product came in 5.2 grams and the question is saying this has show that now observation is in agreement With the law of conservation of mass, that is, the question is asking to prove the law of conservation How will you prove that off mass exists? You will equalize the reactants Who all are they, one brother here, one brother here Now add these 4.6 + 3.4, look at yours I have to do calculations with children for this I have it because you say bhaiya please Get the calculation done as well, I said ok Hey brother, okay, now here comes the reactant what is the sum product of the product is one then This one, add both of these once What is 2.8 plus 5.2 so this will also come 8 Gra means reactants and products are equal And whenever it becomes equal then clap Don't clap, son, write down what you want to do hai this is conservation of mass caught Brother you caught it very well let's go now Let's move on to our next law, brother Antony will take Babaji's name from heart and Antony baba ji will say please tell us what is the second law you are our request Obey and tell us what the second law is and Who gave this second law? Joseph Proust gave me more understanding son Son, understand this law a little It's complicated, listen carefully, look away An accident will happen, son, come and see this he says the element the element is the element in a pure chemical compound r always present in same proportion by mass Regardless of how the compound is Suppose, suppose you went to the railway station sometime You must be sitting in the train or you must be sitting in the bus You must have seen a water bottle on the bus There is a water bottle, Bisleri is one Is [music] It is Billrika water, is it my house water somewhere there is water too, if there is water then there will always be water son if there is only h2o then it will always be h2o So it is water or it is a composition not of water, the hydrogen in it and The atoms of oxygen are of the same mass we will combine them in proportion i.e. one What will be fixed is a fixed proportion there will be a fixed proportion Hydrogen will say that brother I am so many grams I will come when I get so many oxygen so many grams I will come and when both of them come to that many villages Water will be produced only if we meet, otherwise it will be produced Not possible means whenever a compound is formed When any thing is made then how is it made One is made in a fixed proportion It is made in fixed proportion, it is ok when Also your water will be produced then hydrogen and oxygen hydrogen will say that brother I am 2 I will come with 16 grams of oxygen I will come only then it will be made, right? Will I be able to go and become an example for now? We will read it now, but understand this much: Assume a mass of hydrogen is 1 gram and assume that oxygen 16 grams is fine, we will talk about it further about it so here are two hydro Drogen means it will become 2 grams of oxygen How much is 16 grams? Find its fiber Finding the ratio, son, do you know how to find the ratio? Divide it by two and what will be the result Went 1:8 1:8 means means this means that when your hydrogen and oxygen by mass Only if the bi-mass is 1:8 then this law This is the law of constant proportion, this should be followed That means only then your water will be produced if At times hydrogen has betrayed and Hydrogen has brought another brother with it No and Hydrogen said that I am a new I will make the ratio which will be 3:8 so in this ratio I will never turn into water if 3:8 If it turns into water then it will change the name of Pacific It is not possible to give, brother, it is not possible Bhaiya, it's okay, water will never be made forever It will be made in 1:8 only and this is what your Does the law of constant proportion say this? remember that whenever a chemical If it is a compound, then its atoms are are related in fixed proportion and How is fixed proportion by mass i.e. connected in fixed proportion to their masses Only then will a compound be formed It will be made as if it were your group project There are four types of people in a group project there is one who works a lot and the one who that just explains the group project one that creates the presentation and one The one who does nothing means all four If there is a contribution, son, then it is done by sharing it Son can do group presentation if he wants The fourth one may not have any contribution, but still all four there is a fixed contribution okay that In the same way whenever you have any water any molecule will be formed so remember what will happen is atoms are a fixed will be in proportion and this is what we call is this what we call your law of constant proportion okay right here it is Your example of H2O is also correct. hey let's move on let's move on ask a question ask a question Well, that will give you more clarity Look at the question son hydrogen and oxygen Combined in the ratio 1:8 by mass to form Water is ok brother we know what mass of oxygen gas would be required to The reaction is complete with 5 g of hydrogen gas means we are given that water is formed Water will be formed in this in 1:8 and we will get this also given son see that there is hydrogen we have 5 g of hydrogen 5 g Hydrogen is 5 g and the ratio we follow is this What to do if hydrogen becomes 5 grams if If hydrogen becomes 5 g then how much oxygen It will happen brother, multiply by five here too Brother, multiply it by five here too If you do it then what is 8 * 5, then what is 40 grams Son, you need oxygen That would be 40 grams of oxygen for you Did you understand this? Did you enjoy it? did you catch the concept did you catch the concept Such questions come to mind when I speak in my hands Sometimes the Law of Constant Proportion is It says that things will always remain constant by mass Come on son, let's go ahead great now let's read dalton good this type Other questions also come up, such as I would have given you more practice questions hmm, accept it, accept it, he said that carbon dioxide which is carbon dioxide which has carbon in it the ratio of carbon and oxygen which the ratio of carbon and oxygen that you have no it will always be 3:8 okay this is the ratio your carbon dioxide is formed in Here is given in the question and you will get this given in the question if if we if we 6 grams if we take 6 grams of carbon dioxide We are taking 6 grams, what are we taking We are taking 6 grams of carbon okay 6 grams what we took carbon so tell me how much oxygen is needed What is the ratio of carbon and oxygen 3:8 What is the ratio of carbon oxygen 3 quickly Tell me the ratio of carbon oxygen is 3:8 if 6 grams of carbon is 6 grams of carbon How much oxygen will it cost you both fools Multiply it by two on either side, add two on both sides Multiply it by how much it will come 6 gram that we have and how much is it 16 grams i.e. 16 grams of oxygen will go These types of questions will be required, son I am already telling you about these type of questions You will come like this by practicing one or two questions Can you please let's move ahead our Dalton will go to baba and talk to him friend, let me drink some water for a minute Let's give it a try, Dalton Baba ji's Jai Ho begins Let's do what John Dalton said now This John Delta was very important why because he gave an atomic What theory did he give, son atomic? He has given very cool theories about atoms. Postulating Do you remember all the statements, all the patch ups? okay the first thing they have to do is this She said it's okay whatever happens What are the atoms used to make small particles? Now we already know what an atom is. They Postulate first statement Statement number one all matter is made of very I have seen a tiny particle called an atom I have already told you watch Atoms R next Indivisible Particle Which Cannot Be CreateDrawNavigator He said that we cannot divide Statement number two which is wrong in today's time We believe this, I'll tell you now why Don't worry if you think it's wrong, just go and sit down friend, I am teaching you, friend, I am teaching you hmm na to you, just what is the second statement She said that atoms, brother, are indivisible we can't break atoms okay Bhaiya the first atom is the smallest, the second atom Brother, we can't break an atom ever Unbreakable Next Atoms of a Given Elements are identified and identified in mass and chemical properties i.e. carefully understand if there is an element assume assume it is carbon assume it is carbon or assume oxygen is suppose hydrogen is if I If I talk about carbon, then whatever amount of carbon They are atoms, all the atoms will be the same, that is Whatever months they will have, their months will be each The mass of every atom will be the same, right? The mass will be the same, it is an element, son what is the element carbon suppose that element inside very small tiny tiny tiny what are these small atoms so if they are All the atoms will be the same, that is It said that whatever number of elements are there inside an element They are atoms, they remain the same The chemical properties of all the masses remain the same something remains the same next let's see atoms of different elements have different messages and chemical properties he said if someone If a different element comes, say a hydrogen element, a The atoms of carbon and hydrogen are separate Their size will be different, their mass will be different and whether their properties will be separate But the carbon atoms will be separate. Both are different, you can imagine this You should accept that it is you, isn't it you And if this is a distant relative of yours what are there so many gaps between you two okay let's see next atom combine in the Ratio of small hole number to form What are the compounds i.e. atoms they do combine they do combine they keep joining they keep joining let's keep joining and what do we make They make compounds, what do they make what are the compounds made of, son Compounds and Remembering Fixed Proportions in which do they get connected, in which do they get connected, fixed Hydrogen in the proportion just mentioned In which oxygen is connected, let's go in 1:8 Son let's move on to the next relative number and Kinds of atoms are constant in a given Compound means atoms inside a compound It will always be constant and not 1:8 I just told you the story, constant in the proportion that whichever atom is added, it always remains They are in a fixed proportion If you were joining, then what were these Your atomic theory of Dalton one by one Let us revise it again, he first Bhaiya said atom is the smallest one Second, he said that the atom cannot be broken Atom Bhaiya is like this, not Amar Atom I can break your atom smalltail then what did he say then the next thing he said She said that look, if there is an element in it All atoms will be the same, there will be no change in them It will happen, there will be no change in it All their chemical properties, mass etc are all the same Then she said that if different If there are different elements then Their atoms will be different Their atoms will be different The mass will be different, all the properties will be different Then he said when atoms combine if so, they form molecules and then He said that this molecule which is formed is made in a fixed proportion which We have the law of constant proportion He gave all these statements, then now Drawbacks are given and these drawbacks get great attention son listen to me very important watch now then after that when Dalton ji Dalton ji man Well we first accepted Dalton's point and then After that we came to know later, oh brother Dalton Bhaiya was lying, Dalton Bhaiya So Dalton Bhaiya was lying to me Dalton Bhaiya has made me crazy The whole thing taught us distance, I said What are your studies then he asked me that bhaiya Dalton told us that he did not break the atom I could go, but I broke the atom I asked you how you broke the atom I said I broke the atom, what's in it It turned out he said the electron turned out to be a proton turned out to be the neutron that you next In the chapter, son, you will read about the structure of atom okay so what happens is that firstly Drawback in that it means understanding the meaning of drawback You are wondering what is lacking, so the first drawback is this is that he said that it cannot be broken But brother, I have broken it what did electron proton do from it Neutrons were removed, next thing was Dalton Baba Dalton baba had said that Bhaiya if you have one element, if you have one It is an element, all its atoms will be the same but Brother, this thing went wrong, how did it go wrong? because carbon which is carbon which is There are different atoms of carbon, some some contain carbon 12 some contain carbon 14 are different, all of them have different messages which we found out later So here the second thing that happened to him was Dalton stated all atoms of element have same mass but we found out we found out that what do messages do What happens when different messages occur? messages are what they are, they change they change and we also call them isotopes Next let's look at the isobars now let's look at the son now what happened next was that Dalton It was said that if any two different elements suppose there is x element and a y element then their The atoms that will be there will have different masses, he said I didn't say it, I definitely said it, right? But We found out that there are atoms like this there are atoms which are different elements but their mass is same example what is one your calcium is calcium and your argon is The mass of both of them is 40 Both have same mass so here also we have I caught it and this is what we call iso What are the elements that are isobar? whose masses are same and what are the isotopes These are the elements whose messages are what is that it is different isn't it the one Elements which have different masses such as carbon 12 carbon 14 all of that is fine we Let's read the details in the next chapter, son. You need to hear the details now If it is not there then these three deficiencies were there, these three deficiencies Dalton baba's name came out that brother he said I said I couldn't break it, I would break it then he said that in the same element The meat should be the same, we said it should be different Then he said that Bhaiya a different If there are different elements then their messages are different There should be but we said different elements If the same message is received then Dalton Bhaiya's what happened to moy moy what happened to moy moy I said to him, it's okay, friend Brother Dalton Bhaiya, it's alright with you I was done with you, okay, so this was ours Dalton's atomic theory on which son a it is your custom to get a question okay Son, let's move ahead to modern day symbol of element is ok but before that listen carefully listen carefully now You have kept this much energy inside, right? It's late brother, I'm tired, it's so late Bhaiya, I don't feel like studying, bhaiya, when Brother, when will the lecture end, see Mr. Sri Sri Newton Baba had said that the When the time comes that he is with a beautiful girl Hours pass by as if even minutes seem like a dream When we study, we start to look like if you were living then this time would be like this It feels like even 5 minutes pass by and seem like hours So this must have been our Shri Shri Shri Newton Baba ji had gone to tell me I know this feeling but it doesn't matter son Read in an interesting way, read with enjoyment okay okay read it with focus now let's see What is the modern day symbol? See what it is now. It so happened that we know about the different elements Now they have different symbols for the elements. I tried to make it but at that time the symbol You know how to make it, I'll show you Like different symbols were made for hydrogen I made a dot like this, look, oh brother, this So, it has someone's signature, right, which car? what is the sign of this tell me which one is yours of the car I wrote Silver's eye, I don't know what all if you did it then what happened at that time when Writing the names of the elements is very typical I used to make a circle and draw a diagram He had done painting, then he became a scientist He used to get very angry and the scientists used to say Bhaiya this is very tough this is very tough to The scientist said we can change it and the scientist found the simplest solution method he said that any element name it by its first letter i.e. if it is hydrogen it is hydrogen so write it as h Give it a message, okay then a question will come I thought the next element would be helium if it happens then there is h in it too then The scientist thought and one of them The backbencher came out and said Everyone said that I have an idea What is the idea, so the backbencher's idea It is dangerous, so the backbencher thought of this idea I told you that I work, I do this that the name is based on the first two words If we keep it then we will name it helium h and e h and e so this is a backbencher's story okay so h and e so like this In this way all the elements have their own names it means by his actual name just made symbols of it like and We see that hydrogen has the form h Your son is A A A L of aluminium because its first letter is L Now look, there are some names in English. Some names are also in Latin, such as like the sodium that is there, The name in Latin is Trion, what is it he is son trion so because of this his jo The symbol for sodium is Its symbol is a You have other elements similarly like potassium which is its name In Latin it is calian so this is why We keep it as it is, Potassium is represented as yes that's ok son copper is also present similarly The Latin name of copper is Your Cyris and what are we doing because of it they are representing him with love okay so these are some symbols there are some symbols but before that before that Remember one thing, two steps to write a symbol what is the first letter Capital and second letter always small never You can't write the symbol for iron like this: F and double e you will write this second letter which will be he must be small remember this Now brother, do it, we remember the element I don't know if these elements are not there, bhaiya How will we remember what our teacher says that you should remember at least 20 elements hey brother how do I remember it is so difficult These are aluminium but I don't know what all they are Bhaiya give me a trick, I said today I will give you such tricks that you will not be able to do anything in the lecture You will have fun watching it, now understand the trick son You can remember all the elements from 1 to 20. You will be able to do it with this trick, what is the trick What is it son, it is a simple trick, see Son hi hi hello hello hi hello hi hello b bc news hi hello bbc news on on friday on friday night on friday night This was the trick my teacher taught me Tell me, this has been going on for a long time, even you What if you have heard it in your schools? you can remember the first 10 hi hi hello hi hello bbc news on Friday Night Means Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen oxygen fluorine and neon which is last night that is, the rules are fine, the first 10 became like this and The second one is my another story, that story is mine have you seen tarak mehta kotla chashma There is Abdul in it, isn't there Abdul in whose There is a shop outside, what does Abdul do? He used to sell a lot of soda Tarak used to sell Pepsi, Soda etc. In Mehta's Ulta Chashma, it is his story hey abdul he likes black things If not then see what I have made, right? don't ask, don't ask, don't ask Abdul Ask Abdul if he has Pepsi Bhaiya Abdul doesn't like Pepsi ask for pepsi soda pepsi soda pepsi Remember soda, don't ask Abdul for Pepsi Soda and cold drinks Cold drinks are ok pepsi soda cold drink and and and and AR means what else does he not like Does he not like to eat sweets? So he He told me that he doesn't like it cashew cashew and katli so katli ki bhaiya see Is it okay to write TLI like this? He said don't ask, don't ask Abdul Pepsi soda cold drink from Abdul and Kaju Katli and Kaju Katli then these become Your mnemonics help you remember things you can quickly start with the first 10, it is fine for them You can remember them like this and you can remember them like this If you can do it then these are your elements Trick to remember by taking lots of tricks I have come for you son, don't worry Look when Prashant Bhaiya is here with you Fear bhaiya, chill, chill, do everything you want I will give it to you, I will do it all, okay, okay Hey, don't take so much tension Even the school teachers, son, watch this lecture let's make question paper, you all keep it Come on brother, now we are coming to Atomic Look up mass to know what atomic mass is The mass of each atom is called It is understood from the name atomic mass that the mass of An atom of an element is called your It is important to remember the atomic mass of an atom. There are many elements inside one element There are all atoms, there are many atoms The mass of an atom is the mass of an atom is that's called my atomic mass okay now Look son IUPAC is an organization which gives the atomic mass When she gives the atomic number, she uses a trick tell me the trick, did you ever tell about vegetables you have gone to buy vegetables what would you do is that one of them there is a machine or else If you have gone to the old fashioned one then There is a weight near it, i.e. a weight it is there, we call it a way but it is a it waits ok so what do you do in it there is a scale there is a scale okay this is it on one side this is on the other side and on this he places it 5 kgs 5 kgs and then your save here saves starts keeping saves here no and as soon as both become equal then He thinks it's okay, it's 5 kilos, right? IUPAC has approved our Fruit Cellar Vegetable Did he use the seller's trick? He said, look son, he He asked, we will also do the same trick, how will we do it We'll take one carbon atom, which one will we take? carbon c12 c12 and the atom of that carbon is called 12 We will divide it into 12 pieces a lot of pieces ok how many pieces Son, there are 12 pieces, right? Count how many there are. It is 12, right? Divide it into 12 pieces. After dividing it into 12 pieces which is a piece picked up a piece and then He took the scales, I mean basically the scales I did not take it, I am just trying to make you understand okay then they took a piece and put it on the scale and they I put it on the scale like a pizza It gets sliced ​​like that, son He put it here, here's a piece of it naa divide it into 12 pieces and one which there was a piece, I placed it here and that All elements piece by piece Major Kara and when he placed hydrogen No, as soon as they added hydrogen here, then hydrogen and fluoride become equal to When he went there he said this about hydrogen The mass of hydrogen is equal to will be 1 times 12 of whose carbon is 1 times 12 of mass. Why did you come because the son was in 12 pieces It was divided inside so only one piece I picked it up and put it here, so how much is it Mass of it is 1/1 of c12 mass i.e. carbon 12 equal to 1/1 month of and when they put hydrogen both became equal He said oh ho it was fun and according to this they have What is the atomic mass of all the elements? and we call atomic mass unit Son, remember this, or many more It is only written like this inside the books like what do you do you say 10 take a kilo take 5 kilo take 6 kilo In atoms, we say how many new atoms I have taken it, how many times have I taken it That means there is atomic mass unit, right? that you will say that 10 10 units 10 units off You can get 10 units of hydrogen like this Where will you say atomic mass here? If you say it, you will say it inside ya, this is what we call it yes son do you need to remember atomic mass unit One atomic mass unit is equal to 1/1 of the mass of the carbon 12 atom that I I just told you that a carbon molecule is Have you taken a piece or not? If you kept the hydrogen then it has come equal to it has come equal to it He stated that the mass of hydrogen that is 1 y what is 1 y and 1 y's what definition did he keep 1/1 off Mass of the ka 12 atom just as simple as this He created a phenomenon and that people keep complicating things okay so these happen to you do these happen to you good atomic mass to you There are a lot of things to remember at least till 20th These are the 20 elements you should remember No, it is important to remember the atomic masses of all of them. I will come but brother how can I remember you brother We are fools, I don't even remember Where is your friend Prashant Bhaiya standing, you are tensed why do you take it brother take the trick Take the trick today, go and see, the trick says that All the elements from 1 to 20 are for you did you remember me yes hello hi hello what I remembered BBC news, yes it is very good So you remembered it, right? Look now. Any number of elements your number is even what is even it is even 2 4 6 8 even number is added your elements are on even number To find the atomic mass, all you have to do is has to be multiplied by i.e. if you have to find the mass of helium On whom did it happen hi hello he hi hello ae AE whatever used to happen, that would have happened to you, what about you Helium comes at number two What will be its mass? 2*2=4u the mass of helium will go so whatever your even The number is odd, multiply it by two, brother What to do for two for odd multiply by + and do it, what should I do What should I do after multiplying by two, son? + 1 Make it look like we talk Lithium's hi hello na hello hi hello which was L which was your lithium so lithium A what is lithium what is the use of lithium If 3 comes then how do you write it like this You can do 3 * 2 + 1 which means how much it will be 6 + 1 = 7 and whatever is consumed is yours What happens to the mass of your lithium okay in this way you can do any You can take it out, you can take it out of anyone It's very simple, son. It's very simple, sodium Take out the sodium, on which side did the sodium come It was yours at number 11, okay it would have been at number 11 what was the odd what will be its mass * 2 That means 11 * 2 22 plus 1 23 which is the value of sodium there is a month it is 23 well some of it There is also an exception, exception means something like this There are elements that do not follow this trick You just have to remember them, there are only four of them what happens to you what happens to you Hydrogen is one, Beryllium is one, Nitrogen is one and one more is organs just remember these because The atomic number of hydrogen is also one and its mass is also one only right now We saw that hydrogen is produced, right? We remember the mass, now look at it Beryllium comes at number four, but Its atomic mass is not eight son the atomic mass is nine remember this How much does a son weigh? It is nine similarly If your nitrogen comes at number seven then Its atomic mass is not 15, its 14 what happens son turns 14 Similarly, argon comes at number 18, but its What is the mass of this plant? it happens your 40 okay it has mass This was your 40 trick, with this trick you can You can withdraw any amount from 1 to 20. Only that will come in your paper and you will get the mass of all of them You can withdraw it anytime while sitting, just by paying Rs. multiply it by two or Multiply it and make it 0 if it is odd Use this trick and get everyone's messages Alright, let's move on to our next one Ask some good questions on the topic can I ask some questions about mass Some questions on it so that you can understand let's do this over the mass now and Let's read the concept and ask a couple of questions Let's do it, well this is atomicity Wait wait wait no first one or two more topics Let's read it and then ask more questions Better questions will make fun questions Let's talk about atomic now Asistencia How do your atoms exist? Look there are atoms son, some atoms are like you He is single in life, i.e. he lives alone There are some atoms which are with two people Some atoms are three together, some are four there are some five together so the atoms which they enjoy it in different ways First of all we look at life, atoms that like to be alone Those who know us remain happy alone, aren’t they? What will you call introvert in our language? You will say that you are an introvert, right? You are an introvert There are some people who live alone I don't want to talk to anyone in the same way elements are also there so it means something to you There are also atoms that live alone I'll tell you like Joe Noble The atoms of a gas live alone What are noble gases? What are noble gases? helium nion argon cryptonomicon [music] Do you always remain absolutely single? staying single is fine, apart from that there are some there are some other things which are good along with this Hydrogen is also poor and it is all alone He stays alone too friend Now I will give you some examples, now everything will be fine There are also those who live in pairs, right? There are some who live in pairs remember whenever your whenever your atoms If they join together they will create two things: either They will make the molecules as explained in the beginning tha atoms combine to form molecules either We will make one more thing which we will call Aayes what will you say is iaon s is bhaiya what is this it's nothing it's very simple Understand this concept, it is very simple We will understand this in the next chapter. it kinda means that your Chemistry syllabus is very bad the things you need to read first They teach later what needs to be studied later First, we have to increase this, this is the topic of chapter four ion butt we have to read now a little bit read so that we can understand some of this concept It is ok to practice the questions Let's start with what is this bhaiya If there is a molecule then I know it brother I know molecules, they connect They make molecules but what is this ice? hey let's see see what is is is may be defined as atom or group of atoms Having positive or negative charges That means the ices are the ones on which the charges are levied, brother Where did the charges come from oh brother where did the charges come from Understand that you are coming from a deep depth son Let us understand that charges come on the atom, assume Suppose I am explaining one thing to you and then the next There is a chapter topic but still only two I will take a minute to explain, suppose There is an element, let's say you are hydrogen okay so the outer most shell of hydrogen there's one electron okay one has one electron and one proton there is only one proton and one electron what happens if the electron is negative What is charge and proton is positive The charge is ok, let's understand now, isn't it too much You won't be asked in detail, just let's understand okay it stays on this the negative stays on this does your positive charge remain in this Because if one is negative and one is positive then it will be cancelled It gets out if you have a good quality if there is a bad quality also then both are cut off and if you become neutral then right now Your hydrogen is neutral Now imagine, one day it came to his mind And he gave up all his bad habits i.e. You took the negative energy out I said, from today I will not do anything wrong Bhaiya I will improve, I will study all day You took out all the negative energy It has put all its electrons somewhere else. I have donated it, now tell me what is the charge for this It will come negative, it will come positive, oh brother When we throw out all our negative things If you remove it then it is obvious that it will be against us the charge will become positive so now we will call it We will write h+ and this has now become our ion what kind of ion is positive ion what kind of ion is positive ions so there are two types of ions there are elements that speak to me give me electrons give me negative things like Only electrons will come if negative things come I will get a negative charge but as soon as If someone takes an electron from me then I will I will become positive, this is what happens to you The concept of ice and ice are two, son One type is Catalan and the other is are great for keeping cuticles positively charged Ies means whatever your positive charge will be like hydrogen was there hydrogen had its I paid the charge and now he is happy in his life How did he become positive, he is blessed When you pull an electron from another electron A negative charge will come upon you Your grace is destroyed by chlorine The charge on top is negative hydroxide has a charge on it is of the negative okay its a lot of your There are examples, okay so I hope till here You must have understood now what the ices are They are also of two types, one is Simple ices and one is your compound is this simple is what is this simple is or does this is which has only one type of element i.e. it's either hydrogen or oxygen It is potassium, it is chlorine, it could be anything But it's a type of magnesium, it looks like There is a charge of two plus above, which means it has I gave away two electrons, brother, are you watching? Positive energy has come upon it, sodium has donated one electron na1 has come so whatever this is it's simple ice because here But there is only one element, either it is sodium There is potassium, there is aluminum, but what is your Are compounds ices or we can call them poly They also say atomic ice, what do they say Poly atomic ice just show you the table ahead I will give you what is in it, remember it son More than one inside poly atomic ice More than one element is added element means ammonia what is ammonia ammonium ion which is present would be there is nh4+ ion, that means look there is nitrogen also you also have hydrogen when there is more than one When your elements are added, we call it are compound ions or we call them poly atomic ion ok concept of ion I understood there are two types of ions I understood one simple one If the compound is okay then the story of the ion is Bhaiya We are done here, will read more now later on about ion we understood that It's ok brother, atoms sometimes turn into ice too how do you become when you pay your charges We either give it or take it, it is coming now we come back to our molecules now what are molecules molecules They are the ones who have no charge living a happy life in your life They are saying brother there is no charge on us if it is there then remember a molecule is a group of two or more atoms chemically bound together by attractive forces i.e. when Atoms combine and form a force Let's take a relationship and make one When they form an unmatched relationship, what will they do? when they make it they make your molecules okay son what do you make of molecules The son is a force of attraction between them which is very strong of force There is attraction, isn't it? Now see, son. There are two types of molecules, one is is a molecule of element and there is one molecule of compound bhaiya what is this good element and compound we have studied Now you said that you haven't read it, you haven't read it Brother, I haven't read it, so I will tell you I will show you the previous video I will tell you that I have read it in the previous chapter it is there, let me tell you anyway Look, molecules of elements are nothing When elements of the same type are combined Oxygen said to each other, hey na you my brother two brothers both brothers both are united They go and together they make o2 That means oxygen gas is O2, so whenever such things that contain the same element they join together to form a gas or to make anything then it we say molecule of element but A molecule of a compound is formed when one more elements are added, such as water When I said water, water uncle ji give me water Please give me water, I remembered water, drink water Why don't I remember to drink water? You remind me friend that you are very wrong people friend Wait a minute let me drink some water ok let's go It's a good thing to dream, son. Watching Sapna's reels all day long is so good It's okay, take today's motivation come on let's start the molecule off What is the compound molecule of compound like It's water, son. What is water? It's made of h2o. it is made from h2o so what is h2o different The element is hydrogen, oxygen is here Relationships have become just molecules molecule of element molecule of remembering compounds molecules of elements What are the same type of element molecules of Compounds containing different types of to and more atoms of different elements When those combines come in a definite Proportion when it comes within a proportion we get a force of attraction goes inside them then they make molecules of compounds such as your water ammonia carbon dioxide lots of its There are many different examples of this There are examples, okay son, it's done, done come on tell me it's quite clear even this what is our molecule of element What is the molecule of compound? Let's move ahead now we move on, we move on, and now we Let us understand the meaning of atomicity A question before the topic but atomicity should we look at you like I did to you now I have already taught you about atomic mass. So I will ask you a trick question tell me tell me don't be here look at this ignore this don't look at this You already know the answer, what should I ask? that if I say ammonia is ammonia nh3 nh3 has nitrogen and hydrogen How will you find out in which ratio they are connected You have to remember the mass of nitrogen I told you about the nitrogen exception The mass of nitrogen present in it is 14 how much is 14 14 and here hydrogen What is the mass of one hydrogen? Three son is one, he is single, he is one there is no one and how much will it be for three if yes then this will happen 14:3 So if someone says inside ammonia whose formula is nh3, inside it you have What is the ratio of nitrogen and hydrogen in your in which ratio are they connected 14:3 Similarly, carbon dioxide, which is your co2 it contains carbon and oxygen What happens to the carbon that is attached to it Son, remember the atomic number of carbon Six is ​​* 2 12 so that means carbon The atomic mass is 12 what is the atomic mass of oxygen The atomic mass of oxygen is 16, right? And if there are two oxygen then it will become 32 i.e. 32 then this will be yours 1232 and if you cut it then it will come cut from four to 3:8 which is your correct answer The answer is okay, this type of question is also we come sometimes, let's come now what is our atomicity this is nothing Understanding this refers to atomicity number of atoms present in a single Molecule of an element means one of our it is a molecule isn't it which we have just discussed how many different types of things were created inside it Our atoms, i.e. how many atoms are connected to us how many atoms are attached to it We say atomicity i.e. number Count one atom, two atoms, three atoms, four atom five atom six atom count them Atomicity happens and there are some terms there is one mono atomic mono atomic means there will be one atom, mono, that means it is there son It's not Mono Sonu, it's Mono Atomic next What is die atomic die means two means two Atoms will be the example of what is oxygen gas which is o2 what is o2 two atoms two atoms have come, very good mono What is an example of an atom? Helium A always stays single always stays alone the next tri atomic tri like you what is atomic there are three of them right Three came inside, poly atomic means three At most it could be four, it could be five it could be six it could be any number That will become our poly atomic okay now I will show you a table and this table I will show you an example, Mono Noble gases are examples of atoms such as helium, argon, neon, krypton, its Besides many other metals such as sodium sodium son is always alone bond will not make magnesium other than that What are aluminium, carbon etc They are monoatomic, what is their atomicity Son, their atomicity is one because He is alone, next let's see Die Atomic What will be the atomicity of those atomicity to hydrogen gas oxygen gas chlorine see how these are There are two, these two, these two are together, see next What is tri-atomic? there are three such as ozone look ozone o3 it is o3 it is ozone so it has three your atoms of oxygen are added Last is your poly atomic tetra atomic means more than three four five how many It can also happen, so here is an example of it phosphorus phosphorus son remember four phosphorus combines to form p4 and sulphur always joins eight sulphur eight sulphur come together and they make s8 Because there is a question in the paper Give examples of polyatomic polyatomic What can I say about polyatomics? Give me some examples. and kids remember them all but poly atomic I don't even remember, remember phosphorus and Along with that, just remember these two things: sulphur work will be done phosphorus sulfur phosphorus p4 Sulfur acid, just do this and you are done Atomic City Let's Talk Now Molecule of compound we are talking about now Atomicity of the molecule of element if I will tell you about the molecule of compound Atomicity of the elements which contain different elements Take it out, you will say brother, take it out with your left hand what is it let's do it like this i said You did it and said look brother hydrogen Chloride ie hc2 one two three means brother there are only two So I would say that this is die atomic That means its atomicity is how much, brother? What is atomicity? To atomicity always Remember it is in numbers 1 2 3 4 5 6 How much is it, if I say water similarly You will say brother give me water i.e. hydrogen Oxygen one is fine brother, this is three Its atomicity is three brother tell me ammonia One and this is three so this becomes four i.e. Its atomicity is four carbon Dioxide, look brother, this is one of them Its atomicity is three, so any such atomicity you don't close your eyes So you can't take it out, but you can take it out anyway Okay son, so according to this we are very You can practice all the questions which we will do right now come on tell me quickly Till I drink water you tell me the answers to all these Answer all these questions quickly in two atomicities come on I know there are a lot of kids here who will have their papers now and you know when we If we were in school we would feel like this I wonder when this school will end, I am so angry There are exams every day but my Listen to me when you leave this school No, and someday in front of that school If you pass by that building you will see this much All the memories will come to your mind This time seems useless to you right now But a few years from now, this school will I have memories of this, I will miss them a lot If yes, then we remember the school memories together keep it up keep enjoying yourself Don't tell schools how many exams they have You might be worried, it doesn't matter These are memories son, let's give them atomicity Let's see oxygen brother look at oxygen o2 He also makes it sometimes, O3 too then its atomicity is either two or three Phosphorus is always with four people, this goon yes son it comes with four people and Sulfur is a bigger goon than that because it comes with eight people okay eight people With Argon comes the poor thing always alone it stays with a person calcium hydroxide look this is a One element has come in, what else is there in it there is oxygen, there is hydrogen and look at the bones put two in the bracket of oxygen hydrogen It has happened son, it has got a tooth here means there are only two oxygen atoms, son, and If you have two hydrogens then 2 + 2 + 4 and Apart from that a calcium then its atomicity It's done son five okay now let's see Magnesium bicarbonate is its Formula mg1 okay now look at this what is this one hydrogen okay one carbon okay and these what are these three oxygen wow bhaiya and its Also put a hole twine on top, i.e. these three Add these three, add these 3 + 1 + 4 How much is five and that five divided by two If you multiply it, it will become your 10 So how much will the overall cost be? This is 10 And this is what happened, its atomicity is Bhaiya 11 is very correct please tell me about h2so 4 Quickly, H2, these are two, s, sulphur, one is oxygen Four is 4+26 so atomicity is same You can practice many such questions can you please chat me up now Meaning tell me in the comment that this This compound looks very tough It happens that many children do this wrong what will be the answer to this pause the video and tell me its known give me a magnesium Chlorine means these are three, right? You have to tell me in the chat through comments I want to tell you that inside it is a very good compound. hey done done son so let's do it this way I have read a lot of atomicity, friend. Atomicity is a simple thing, let's move on now We are on the next concept which is yours molecular mass what is molecular mass is it the sum of atomic mass of all atoms in a molecule understand son look suppose one what is a molecule what is a molecule like water it is a molecule of friend and what about water the molecule is h2o Now molecular mass is nothing which These are the masses of the elements, add them all. Do it, i.e. I know the mass of hydrogen how much is it 1 u I remember how much oxygen it is 16 u It happens, right? Just add it so there are two of hydrogen means it will become overall 2u and this is your 16u so 16 + 2 = 18 atomic mass units and this is your answer then This is how we treat someone in a very basic way Also find out the atomic mass i.e. molecular mass We can extract the molecular mass of some things It does not contain the mass of all the atoms You just have to add basic maths tell me it is basic in chemistry too Have the days come when we have to study maths Like let's see some of the elements let's take it out this is your al2 al2 so4 ok it is al2 so4 3 now you can extract it big It is complicated but it will be fun Aluminium which is the son of aluminium What is the atomic mass of aluminum The atomic mass of a single aluminum molecule is By remembering what its atomic mass is Tell me and remember where aluminium comes from Where did you used to come? Remember it or ask for it or not Don't ask Abdul for Abdul i.e. 11, 12, 13 Abdul means at number 13 so its atomic What will be the mass 13 * 2 26 + 1 27 then The mass of aluminium that comes will come son 27 ok if you have two aluminium then do it Give 27 * 2 which is your 54 Let us look ahead and see that there is sulphur here. How much sulfur is there? It is 32 oxygen look there's an oxygen 16 and here If there are four oxygen atoms then multiply it by four. Look, it's a big calculation but it doesn't matter No brother, I will do it, how much has it come Your number is 64, right? What is 64 + 32? hey my son 64 why are you looking at my face you are doing it, who will calculate it yourself yes you can have fun yes brother I will make you enjoy If you add these, 64 + 32 becomes 96 And we also have to triple this here. If it is written three times then it will come as 96 * 3 your 8 and this will come to 288 288 so its come to It is ok and how much is the aluminium of aluminium is 54 then 288 + 54 = how much will you get, this will be yours You have to, keep adding along with me quickly from here comes your two and after that came how much did you get yours 4 3 3 42 what This is what is coming to everyone, is this what is coming 3 42 Atomic mass units are coming in large numbers Nice, very nice, it's just a little calculation but It is easier than simple physics So it is easy, son, what else do you need? There are other questions which you can practice You can tell it yourself inside this do nothing mass of carbon is 12 One of hydrogen is 16 of oxygen Now it happens that you have to multiply and add This type of question may also come, see copper sulphate d 5h 2o now this dot is No son, this is not math, you think so The dot means to multiply no here dot also means to add here we have five molecules of water You have to add mass of water, right? We need to add the mass of the molecule and some more If you don't want to do this, then you should take out the mass of copper. Copper is 63.5 if you remember If it is not there then you just have to remember it Remember this copper, I have mentioned sulphur I've already told you there are four oxygen atoms. Oxygen i.e. 16 * 4 will come and after that five what is water what is the mass of water I just remembered it a while back Do it, how much it was, 18 is 18, so 5* 18 You just need to add that you first buy copper add sulfur add four oxygen Add it and add 5 * 18 just add all these Add them collectively and that will be your exact The answer to this molecular message will come very soon It is a simple thing and it is very simple No, and the kids remain scared anyway, bhaiya I don't know what molecular mass is, nothing new it's a thing nothing stupid child look how much It is simple, how simple it is, tell me No, let's move ahead and see something else Calculate the molecular mass of these also What's the problem with low molecular mass? Look. nh3 ammonia what is nh3 oh brother its what would have happened to hydrogen There used to be a three hydrogen Multiply 3 + 7, how much is 3 + 7 If it comes to 10 then its atomic mass comes to 10 unit addition of nitric acid hno3 h That means one nitrogen i.e. 14 oxygen 16 * 3 The whole story is going on the same thing There is nothing similar, nothing new There is no one to do it brother, that's the whole story bean is running 16 3 how much is son 6 How much is 3? Tell me my math He is a little weak my friend, his maths is better than yours my maths is better than yours yes it is a little weak but the rest is ok so here it is will be 16 * 3 is 48 right and nitrogen is 14 And this is your + 14 + 14 and + 1 right? Solve it once and quickly how much has come this a this has come three this has come 1 5 63 so what is your 63 atomic mass unit 63 atomic mass unit has come, correct now naclo3 sodium you just remember this Chlorine's value, and remember, is 35.5 So what is 23 + 35.5 calcium remember 40 bus ad that's all that's going on and nothing else there is nothing there is nothing okay let's go Along with this, it is very simple It's all done, it's done, tell me it's done quickly okay that's right so let's answer the questions like this Son, you can solve many questions easily can do it and there is nothing so tough that You feel that no brother very much It is too tough, now look there is one more thing Formula mass unit Formula mass unit No confusion at all about what is happening hona hai it is the sum of atomic mass of ice i.e. the molecular mass was the same as Formula Unit Mass is Formula Unit Mass what used to happen was for normal molecules and the formula unit mass is do you know who it is for it is for ayes is that which we call aces this is just for this tell me what is this now positive negative is very good so is It happens for now like find formula unit mass and you will say o I didn't teach this, it's like nothing You found out the molecular mass of the atoms, right? Adding the mass of the atom together You have to do that, don't worry It is very tough but you have to remember this table you will have to do this this is one of the most important to remember the table you won't do without it I will also tell you the trick but without it son This table will not work what is this table She is telling you all the isis, isis and how many electrons does it donate takes electrons like you see sodium whatever it is it takes an electron on it Look this is a positive charge, it gives a gives here there are two means these two gives electron so this is the table She is telling you the charges for all that The charge of sodium is one Magnesium has a charge of two while zinc has a charge of two. You have two iron and two copper has two, aluminium has three Iron three has three, right? Apart from this, some things also have a minus whose are they that take electrons like what is your chloride chloride it occurs cl-cl is bromide is iodide it is an oxide it is a sulphide nitride is there and other than that Some polyatomic ices are also polyatomic atomic ice i just told you No complex in which more than one elements such as your ammonium ion nh4 and besides that hydroxide ion oh2 no3 - so do you remember all of these? You will have to decide which elements what is the charge above, right bhaiya why do you remember because if you have any brother right now We will name many things now You will create a lot of names for the elements I am talking about elements of many compounds If you want to create a name then there will be charges for that It is very important to know, because this The charges are the valency, I will tell you right away but First of all, let us remember this trick Come on brother let's start remembering this trick How will we remember to do this? First remember that we will do this we are remembering the table then we can use this we will do it then we will see the trick yes, it's a trick, it's a trick, it's a great poem, son Don't try this trick son, a very lovely poem there isn't any, I shouldn't say anything, if I don't say anything, if cute oh ho ho na if I call you cute That means two two here two this two here why did it apply because as many as are below it There will be other elements, what will be their valency It means what will be their charges There will be charges for this, so tell me the trick I am here son, if I don't call you cute, Two has come, now everyone below it will have two I won't tell you to look cute but but no let's go remove the but remove it, I won't say anything if my cute asks for you demand a car demand a car people want a whole big car It's an old car yes son wants life If you want to hear the trick then remember the Shayari I won't say take it if I don't call you cute cute you got it son all under it I won't say anything if my cute friend asks you for a car people demand absconding why why no why not three three came under it all are three why not three okay this is the middle line this is the middle one There is a line, isn't there much in it now? I don't remember making it, there are a few you can also remember that element if By the way if you want to remember then there are lots of it all those are the ways like hi hi hello hi hello tomorrow come out tomorrow hi hello came out yesterday hi hello came out tomorrow and listen and listen and listen n se hai naache hi hello come out tomorrow and listen dance okay Bhaiya we are going to a party, will you dance ok hey hi hello come out tomorrow and listen dance Remember these initial charges of -1 these are -2 and comes last nitride nitride is son what -3 Now this is poly atomic this big head It's painful and I can't remember it anymore The names for this are ammonium ammonium I have made a trick with all these names and you must understand that trick you must understand this There is a trick related to Padha, what is the trick like ammonium so there is a in ammonium okay if it is then its charge is also one then I will write In this, today there is minus and ka in hydroxide Today we are in charge, today we are in nitrate no3 mine is only one today we are not here today we are not here Then came hydrogen carbonate h3 hco3 Mother, today we will not lose, today we will not We will not lose today, son. we will lose two put them in the middle because now Everyone has two under it, okay, we are not coming today Yours will come from Chapter C Chapter Two chapter two chapter all the sulfites and sulphates all of them all of them all of them all three because we are the bottom three We can write phosphate three times as If you read it three times, then memorize it now. Remember, we will not lose today, we will not lose today We will lose today, we will not lose, okay okay Then two chapters will come, two chapters for all All will be read three times i.e. what is phosphate will go and read po43 my three times then this This is a technique, it is a very good technique With the help of which you can do all the things in a jiffy can you remember now brother why the technique Tell me brother how did you remember such a big table? You will remember the trick by practising Memorize it, then practice a couple of times If you do it, you will automatically remember it Isn't it true that tricks are made for backbenchers? So if you are a backbencher you don't have to remember So do it with a trick but if you are serious If you are a student, please value them Now brother, just remember this directly Why did you bother us so much about the whole story? If you spoil it then come to the point, I will come to the point I will come because now the question arises Why Do Atoms Combine? Why Do Atoms Combine? why do atoms form molecules yes, I just told you no why is there positive negative charge on it because every human being needs every atom He needs stability in his life It has to be the topic of the next chapter You have to remain stable, right, and there itself is a The topic comes your valency valency What is the definition, remember it again and again The question is asked about the combining capacity of a element is called valency i.e. an element How many people can I connect with like me The combining capacity is that I can sell in millions I can connect with your kids combining capacity that you are four friends You can connect with people from your school You can connect with the kids, you can go here you have this combining capability there I have the combining capacity for each one of them is the combining capacity of the element and That is what we call valency, what is valency There is a combining capacity of elements So brother what is this combining capacity Explain to us with some examples We just looked at the table, there were charges inside it Some had charge floats, some had -1, some Some had -2, some had +3 plots Somebody had -3 so that was the tooth game that was going on No, those were their valencies and so I I asked him to remember that table since we have memorized the valency of all If I tell you that brother, the price of hydrogen what would you say brother it would be a float that is, its valency is one, it is one What is its valency that can be associated with this? its valency is one okay in valency Positive is not negative, its valency There is a forest then you will say that brother, it is good brother what is that sodium One is what is valency one means What is valency and combining capacity What is combining capacity, isn't it? It is important because right now we have I remembered the valencies of all of them from the table all the compounds were some elements There were some poly atomic ices, right, which you ammonium etc. so we have calculated the valencies of all of them I remembered it but bhaiya for example like The valency of sodium is one, besides Magnesium has two, chlorine has one, okay but brother why did we read all this because Now we are going to do the most important thing The topic of this chapter is naming i.e. now we will namin namin now we will do a little Mam is going to give the name brother get ready I am giving you a chance in life, right? I have to give a name like the family members did Your name is Chintu Pintu Mohan Sintu Pintu Neha Sunena Shreya Priya Mishra Whatever it is, if you are going to give the name today then come Come on brother start naming what? says yes it is brother let's start giving names How to name it using valency Let's start this whole thing now The story is written, but I speak Why should we understand from our story? Are you intelligent? Are you intelligent? Why do we need a story, learn from the trick let's take it let's see let's say a compound You are asked to make a formula of Hydrogen Chloride What do you need to look for? First of all you have to look for a fuel Which elements will you catch in it Write down hydrogen Hydrogen you caught Write down chloride okay now hydrogen valency of hydrogen don't see positive negative, positive negative I said those charges were someone's positive someone gave you that tooth, just remember that Tell me where was the hydrogen brother hydrogen that there was one right there was one of chlorine what was it brother where was the chlorine in that charge But brother, it had a minus, it was a minus, right? hi hello hi hello I miss you yesterday hi hello tomorrow yes it's very good right so what was his, he also had a forest so now you What do you want to do? Write down the elements. You have written the valency and now you have to cross it multiply multiply this here multiply it here any If you multiply something by one, something will happen If nothing happens then what can be done with the forest? If it doesn't happen then whatever formula you make will be final he will go he will become Your formula will become a chemical formula Now let's look at another question Let's make hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen sulfide now look first I will write I give you hydrogen and then I write it down sulphide good sulphide where did it come from Bhaiya friend there was something, you completed it I told a story in which I said hi hello etc. It was of sulphide and it used to come in listen listen Bhaiya this and that used to be his two I said very good then two came and its One has arrived, okay now cross multiply One should multiply anything by one son You will do something, nothing will happen at all It is neutral but if you multiply two then Bhaiya, you will have to apply two, so give this If it gets multiplied by then the final is yours The formula will be formed, we will put h2 below, son to remember h2s here comes your hydrogen sulfide what is your formula, it is fun I understand, come on son, ask more questions Let's do it, sit with me now with a pen and paper we will make carbon tetra chloride okay Now if a confusing formula comes up then You just have to do what you need to do We have to find the first element carbon show chloride write carbon write chloride know of two chlorides one is there or carbon If you don't know then I will tell you today There is no carbon in the stable but still tell me I will give you the valency of carbon It is four, okay, what will you multiply? Multiplying one by multiplying it by something If it doesn't happen then it will become tell me ccl4 because it needs to be multiplied by four if you do then 4 comes here ccl4 and this is it It is carbon tetra chloride, okay this is it tetra butram forget you take it from him You do not have to write the element cross Just multiply it, no matter what the name is, it should be big Now we will do it in a simple way like this Write down magnesium chloride magnesium Write chloride. Remember the word chloride. what used to happen to magnesium Son, remember, there used to be a cross Multiply and cross multiply this will mgcl2 tell me yes or no, yes or no, done is it ok So in this way you have many questions we can practice more let's go and sodium carbonate now comes poly Look at the atomic ion, what is carbonate, son? Remember the poly atomic ion, sodium Do you remember? Yes, I remember sodium, brother. Remember carbonate had valency of one I will kill you, what was carbonate Bhaiya it was in poly atomic, its valency Bhaiya, whatever it used to be, it used to be two, I said It's very good, isn't it? What was carbonate? co3 and its valency used to be two so now You brought it here, brought it here, then this will become yours na2 co3 co3 okay let's move on to the next question now comes your ammonium Look at the sulphate, what was ammonium sulphate Look, both are polyatomic, contain ammonium it was nh4 and what would be its valency what was one sulphate so4 and its valency would be to sulfate so4 2 - ok so now what should we do with that table just open that table and sit down with the help of this if you remember It hasn't happened yet so I'm cross I have multiplied it, now see this, son We have multiplied it by two, so what do we do now? we will do it because it is a poly atomic ion We will write this in a different way, see son nh4 put a bracket put a bracket right Because it is poly atomic, put brackets na4 turn here and this is yours so4 this is it What will your ammonium sulphate come from? What is ammonium sulphate, son? It is clear, I am enjoying it, I am understanding it quickly Speak up quickly, I am studying so hard I am teaching by determination, I want Every child should understand it clearly and enjoy it And that enthusiasm, that motivation, every We need to move forward from within the child Next let's see some practice questions let's do it and let's do it come and see one or two I ask you some very good questions. Let me bring you a great question look as if a question is coming to me Tell me the valency of copper bromide copper bromide What is copper 2 bromide what happens to br1 what happens to this son so what is this it will happen what will happen cubr2 isn't it copper bromide okay copper bromine okay son let's see next next Let's see, our ammonium comes next carbonate ammonium carbonate good what was the valency of carbonate what do we write for carbonate co3 What was the valency of aluminium? ammonium is ammonium well so solve it now what did we do it was the same ammonium ammonium is nh4 nh4 and it has Do one cross multiply, see next next look ok one type of question and let me tell you, suppose, suppose, suppose one Question I tell you magnesium sulfate If there is magnesium it has two and sulphate is so4 it also has both sides become equal whenever your valencies If both sides are equal then the maths is this she says whenever both the things are equal two brothers cut them both brothers these two are one if it is going to happen then its formula is Many children write the formula mg2 s o4 2 should not be written like this because these cuts If it goes then its direct formula will become mgso4 simple mgso4 so remember it whenever It is okay to cut if the valencies are equal on both sides Besides that, you can also practice other things be it like aluminum nitrate you can do it is it aluminum nitrate practice Tell me quickly what is aluminum nitrate It will be prepared, just do sodium sulphate, right? sodium sulphate na2 what is the valency What is the difference between two crosses of one sulfate multiply it and what happened na2 na2s o4 this You can ask many types of questions What to do with magnesium hydroxide The valency of magnesium will be two what is the hydroxide of hydroxide it is O O valency is one mg2 mg2 is there whenever there is poly atomic ion Writing two in brackets means its The formula will be made edge okay son like this like this These were some questions that I asked you We have explained it in a very easy way lots of questions lots of questions Practice as much as you can over time You can practice as many questions as you want what is the problem let's see there are some more questions and some more Let's practice questions now see here But it is said that following the match such question will come It is very important, very very very Important match the following came and told us there is some formula given to us and here we have given his name we have to match I taught you how to make formulas from names given below: sodium bicarbonate what was bicarbonate remember that table what was the bicarbonate in the iced one h hco3 what was the valency of one sodium What is the valency of one then it will become one nahco3 so this is sodium bicarbonate Where is this visible, we can see it straight away this is happening so this is very good Besides sodium carbonate, make sodium carbonate just formed na2 co3 right now just made it before so add this Ok, now comes sodium chloride. The valency of chloride is one that of sodium Forest cut down from what is sodium phosphate good phosphate It is very important because the There is phosphate, son, that is an ion po4 and its valency is three sodium of sodium is one and of sodium is three here it will get transferred to na3 po4 which Here, this will be your match the column Whichever option comes, you can quickly tick it. If these types of questions are coming to you ok, i will show you one or two more questions this type is fine as you can see in these can you make a formula, good one tell me which of the following questions Symbol of the element are incorrect which of the following Which symbol do you think is incorrect? Tell me cobalt c carbon c aluminum a helium and sodium not 100 brother sodium what is the actual name of trion so its what is the symbol aye this is wrong catch here you go catch him hey what are you doing Brother, where did you come from Sodium Bhaiya? where have you come from, if your name was A isn't it Trian come on there are many such All the questions will come, the more you Practice as many questions as you can you can okay now now if your paper If there is a mole inside your paper The concept is not coming, the mole concept is not coming if it is coming then you can skip the next five to six minutes do it because in the last I just The one who asks the top five questions in the last and those questions will be very important If it is okay from the perspective of your paper then you can you skip 5 minutes for those whose name is coming Mole concept my request to them is you listen carefully i will tell you in 5 minutes I will clear your concepts and questions Obviously I won't be able to get it done but concept I will explain the concept of price to you, okay Let's understand, let's see what is the concept of value You can imagine what happens if I go to the market I said give me bananas and he said Friend how can I give you bananas I said give me a dozen give me a dozen what does one dozen mean means 12 bananas 12 bananas say yes or no Similarly, the word which is worth buying also One means 1 mole means 1 Mole means 6.022 * 10 reto power 23 particle means I am saying one He gave me a dozen for 12 if I would have told him to give me 1 pound of bananas And if he were a science student then he would have told me 6.022 * 10 to the power 23 give this much gives and this is the value of 1 mole and These are used for your atoms this is done because atoms are very small Atoms are very small, so there are so many atoms inside 1 mole, there is one mole, right? a mole is also a unit like a dozen there are so many particles in it, so remember If someone asks you to keep 1 mole of particles That is, 6 * 10 to the power 6.0 02 * 10 to the power Power 23: You have so many particles if you are inside a mole then the first thing is Now it would have been better if I had this number hey son is this what we call this We tell you what is your Avg Dro number they say son and gaddar number now the next one The point comes bigger inside it The important thing is the molar mass, look at it so far we what were you doing all the messages like i He said hydrogen, I was talking about one atomic Is mass unit similar to molar mass? happens to be the mass of hydrogen mass of 1 mole of hydrogen means 1 mole 1 mole What is the mass of hydrogen in 1 mole How many hydrogens will there be, son? 6.022 * 10 ^ 23 i.e. so many hydrogen If I add them together then how much How much will it be? Tell me how much it will be and right here That's where your value concept works This tells you that you need to remove the molar mass. nothing to do if you remember atomic mass Do it 1u 16u 5u as many as you remember remove that new u and convert it into grams two i.e. if my hydrogen had 1 y mass Then its molar mass will be 1 g if oxygen If the mole of 16 u was present then its molar mass would be 16 g The only trick is to just divide u into grams Convert two things into grams It is gone and that is called my molar mass Isn't it true that molar mass is nothing in grams You have to convert it, that is called your molar mass is okay it's like one of your Sulfur was one gram of sulfur in sulfur when When we calculated the mass, we calculated the atomic mass I had taken it out but if this question was asked If you find out what the molar mass is, then it is nothing convert grams to centimeters You will convert the same value into grams your molar mass will be okay its Remember the definition What is molar mass The molar mass is that 1 mole of hydrogen If we take it, then its mass will be ours is called its molar mass okay now Some formulas come in only two formulas there is no need to remember this third one If you just remember this, your first task will be accomplished The formula tells me if I have the number of moles I want to find it, suppose I am given 32 32 Grams of Oxygen 32 Grams of Oxygen I have given it and said 32 grams off How many moles of oxygen are there in oxygen So there is a formula to calculate moles What you need to do for Mass of Given Molar mass of substance by molar mass of oxygen What is the mass? It is 16 grams. Did you remember it? If you want to convert it into grams then just tell me Divide this 32 by 16 which was there and this is the number of Moles are the numbers of any thing I can remove moles if I need some the value of given substance is given ok So remember moles equal to mass of given Substance by molar mass Next one More The formula comes which is what we buy You can remove it in another way, how can I remove it can you if i am given how many numbers of particles are there imagine i have been given that the oxygen of the oxygen 6.022 * 10 rate power is 23 particles tell me how many moles do you have I have oxygen, so what am I I will do a formula as many givens as I can if it is a particle then divide it into evo gadr What was the number of Evo Gadre from the number 6.022 * 10 power 23 so what do you need to do with it You have to divide it as soon as you divide it If you do it then your answer will be in this value One mole of oxygen will come to you there is one value these are your two questions That is why the question arises that sometimes you have given mass Someday he will tell you that brother you need mass given here tell me how many moles there are Sometimes it will tell you that there are so many particles tell me how many moles are there then Dividing the particles into what and what Questions would come from numbers only on these two formulas Nothing comes out of this okay if You still need a detailed video on this So you can tell me in the comment, I will give you some details I will make a video, now we will move ahead Let's move on to the top five questions that are very It is very important for all of you so watch it The first question is, what do you tell us? he wants you to look carefully first son The question is saying 10 grams of silver Nitrate solution is added to 10 g of sodium chloride what is it good isn't it Making its formula is just one time if Do you remember a little bit about valencies? If you remember, the valency of silver is one I will tell you about nitrate you should remember it's okay just write it down Silver nitrate is 10 grams, right? And we added sodium chloride to it There are two compounds inside it, we combined them what changes in the masses do you expect after reaction did we connect the two The mass will change after the reaction, then it will change why will it change if it won't change then why will it change tell me quickly okay tell me hey it won't change Friend, how will it change, it is obvious no Changes in the Mass Initially read Lo of Conservation of Mass which says Mass of reactants mass of products both are same Bhaiya there is no change, I said it very right ok it was very simple the next element is x this is x Son, look at science from your life Along with that I tell my words of wisdom to x get out of life until your life I have x, it will be a big problem but yes Science's x is an essential element for us x has a valency of two and element y has a valency of three means there is an x ​​which has valency is two right and there is a y which has valency is three you have to tell that if If both of them form their respective oxides what is oxide beta oxide If it reacts with oxygen then How will you react, i.e. suppose if this X said, X said that brother I am will react with oxygen then y He said I also react with oxygen If I do this, think what compound will they make What is the valency of oxygen Son, it is two, let's make it and see Let's make it and see the valency of x is two Valency of oxygen to cross multiply we have to do it but because we see both the things As soon as you see the beans, cut them down, brother. If you want to make it one then it will become yours x o what will become of x o what will become of son x now y let's try making it with y and o y what is y is your three oxygen is two are row why did you write bhaiya do this here Do it here then what will this become will be your y2 o3 yo3 in which option is the match happening quickly please tell me quickly which option whatever you have inside is matching y2 o3 ok tell me quickly tell me what happened Bhaiya why are you not matching with anyone Brother what happened, there is a mistake in the options There is a mistake in the options, the valency of y gives us three given then yes the valency of y is three given so what's the problem right so we did it right son, I made it right, this is what will come y23 y23 will come out ok it should have x inside it Option C should be there son, option C should be there this should be your correct one okay oxides which are composed of oxygen The valency is always two minus yes, there is two, that is, oxygen Valency, I'll tell you this, right? There was a table inside too, you should go and see it but I'll tell you anyway, okay let's go Let's move on to the next question, where? Bhaiya come next question is Assertion Reasoning Assertion reasoning from this chapter will help you A question is definitely coming in the paper Guaranteed to see which question may come in water Read Molecule Assertion Water Molecule Always contain hydrogen and oxygen in the ray 1:8 Is this true? Is hydrogen If you gave the oxygen wrongly, brother I have worked so hard for you, If you gave this also wrong for the exam No, today brother, today your blood will get spoilt In the middle I am telling you the truth friend don't do this Do it, it causes great disappointment, remember this You want the value till now, it is 1:8 water Hydrogen Oxygen Billerica Water Always Keeps Its Current Status Constant Proportion is respectful of the source End method of preparation which of the following This is correct, look the assertion is absolutely correct, water it happens in this ratio okay and its region They have given it because when the water If it is formed then it becomes the Law of Constant Proportion this is also correct and this There is a correct reason for this, this is correct If there is a reason then its answer will be both assertions and reasoning are true and reason is the If there is a correct explanation then it will get an A Son, it is okay whoever has given this to himself Do you want a toffee as a gift from me? A small cheap toffee, let's see the next one are which statement correctly explained the difference between 2o o2 and o3 very Important to appear inside your paper Chances are almost 90% for school It is in my hand anyway, but I'll take a good look at it This question will come in a paper in many schools now look there are three things one is 2o one is o2 And o3 what is this look understand the difference Son, whenever you have 2o, that means two These are two atoms, look these are two atoms What are two atoms and this is not a molecule Whenever two are in the front, they are made Or else there is anything here i.e. atoms They are different, there is no friendship between them The force of attraction hasn't arrived yet Assume I am from your class from far away student and second class student There is no friendship between you two, you say you are doing well okay brother there must be someone who can tell it would be good brother if there is someone then you be far away means whenever two comes then understand These are two atoms that have not yet combined but if o2 looks like this where But your lower lip or the lower o3 means this If the molecule is formed then o2 becomes dye atomic molecule o3 is tri atomic molecules so remember what are the variations in them these are two different atoms that are far apart and these are the molecules that have joined and these are also molecules that have joined it's ok son what is the difference between them Let's read which option matches yours It is happening, let's read 2o is a single oxygen atom ok son o2 is an ozone no this is wrong o2 not ozone It would be nice to see which option matches Tell me once, let me read the first one. Represent to separate oxygen is a big deal correct o2 is a molecule of oxygen exactly That's right O3 is the molecule of ozone that's right isn't it what it is it's your ozone I am making it and giving it to you so this is your option which what is will be perfect whenever you get If you see it outside then understand that something is wrong Daya Something is wrong please find out what It's a mess, okay, let's go with it Our last question has arrived, very good. Let's see its answer formula unit mass and molecular mass of a substance is defined as the sum of atomic masses of all atom present in a formula unit and Molecular formula means assertion, these words it is being said that the formula for unit mass is no or the molecular mass is what it is what are both that whatever we are There are atoms, if we add them all then their mass It will go away, I said, that's absolutely correct Bhaiya it is true, it is true, Bhaiya it is true reason Let's read there is only one difference between Molecular Mass and Formula Unit Mass what molecular mass is used for molecular compound thing is correct and whatever you What is the formula unit mass for? It is used for ionic compounds which are charged for those who have it used For ionic compounds this is also true this is also It is true but remember, is this the reason Is this the reason for this statement or not? this is not the reason this is another new I have written a statement which is correct and this too It is correct, that means both of them are correct but these are their If there is no reason then its answer will be both A and rr true but not the reason to be this The option will appear and your chapter will be here. it is over, where are you going now Read today's lovely line and just go like atoms combine in a fixed ratio to form a fixed Combine them in proportion to balance your studies Time perfectly with whoever you combine Are you thinking of making it in your life, son? We have to walk on equality, right? We have to walk on equality There is friendship, friendship should also be done on equality Hey friend, you are with me too are with your friend when you If you need your friend, your hand You stand by him when he is in trouble Standing with him is perfect The law of constants in friendship and friendship too If the proportion is followed then tell your friends Tell him that brother this is not friendship that you are going to help him I am not doing anything it doesn't make any difference She is not my friend, son. Remember this is not friendship This is an important line and for this motivation go together, study, crack the exam and when When your exam is over, come to the comment section Tell me if this video helped you did it happen or not, my friend, a thing happened with him pay taxes On which topic do you want the next lecture? Please do tell me on this note, thank you everyone I am yours Prashant Bhaiya you will remember me to fear when your prasant bhaiya is here take care