Ninth and Tenth Grade Bengali Second Paper: Language and Bengali Language

Section One: Language and Bengali Language

Introduction to Language

• Humans produce sounds through the throat, mouth, voice, palate, teeth, nose, etc.
• Words are formed from sounds, and sentences are formed from words.
• Sentences express human thoughts.
• Language generally refers to written language, but spoken language is primary.
• In the advancement of civilization, spoken language has been transformed into written or printed language.
• Braille is used for those without sight, and sign language is used for those without speech.

Major Languages of the World

• There are several thousand languages in the world.
• Major languages include Chinese, English, Hindi, Spanish, Arabic, Bengali, Portuguese, Russian, Japanese, German, Korean, French, Tamil, Turkish, Urdu, Persian.

Bengali Language

• Around 300 million people speak the Bengali language.
• This includes 160 million in Bangladesh and approximately 10 million in West Bengal, India, as well as about 30 million in other states.
• Based on the population of native speakers, Bengali is the sixth largest language in the world.
• Bengali belongs to the Indo-European language family.
• Assamese and Oriya are close relatives of the Bengali language.
• Bengali is closely related to classical languages like Sanskrit and Pali.

Evolution of the Bengali Language

• It has evolved from the Indo-European language to Indo-Iranian, Indian Aryan, Prakrit, and then to Bengali.
• The oldest written form is found in the Charyapada.
• Over time, the Bengali language has undergone various forms.

Bengali Script

• The Bengali language has its own script, called Bengali script.
• The total number of characters is 50, including 11 vowels and 39 consonants.
• The Bengali script evolved from the eastern branch of Brahmi script.

Practice Questions

1. Which sense is associated with letters?
   • Answer: Eyes.
2. For whom is the Braille method used?
   • Answer: Those without sight.
3. How many people speak the Bengali language?
   • Answer: Around 300 million.
4. In terms of the number of native speakers, where does Bengali rank?
   • Answer: Sixth.
5. Which of the following is not part of a language family?
   • Answer: Indo-Iranian.
6. Which is recognized as a classical language?
   • Answer: Sanskrit and Pali.
7. Where did the Bengali language originate?
   • Answer: Eastern Indian Prakrit.
8. Where is the oldest example of Bengali language found?
   • Answer: Charyapada.
9. What is the own script of the Bengali language?
   • Answer: Bengali script.
10. In which Indian state is Bengali an official language?

• Answer: Tripura.

Conclusion

• The video discussed the first section of the 2025 Ninth and Tenth Grade Bengali Second Paper titled 'Language and Bengali Language.'
• Every line was highlighted with identified MCQs.
• Important concepts for students' board exam preparation were provided.
• The video may be helpful and valuable for students.