Understanding Present Tense in Irish

okay guys welcome to our I suppose third video but our second tense that we're going to cover today we're going to have a look at the I'm sure Láirach meaning present or now so the present tense in this tense what we're looking to do is to have endings. So create is an end. Endings may be create, we could call them, to the end of the verbs. So in the past tense we wanted to change everything at the start. In the present tense we want to add stuff onto the end. So the different type of endings that we'll be looking at here is there's an ending for may, there's an ending for to, she, And there's going to be an ending from which as well. And again, depending on if the verbs are Latin or quail, we will have different endings. Now let's remember back, what are our vowels that are Latin? We've got A, we've got O, and we've got U. Sorry, it looks like a Q, I better rewrite that. A, O, U. And the ones that are slender are I and E. So, what are we looking at here? We've got May, Túsle, Síd, Síd and Mhuit. So, we've got different endings here. And nearly all the time when we're dealing with one syllable endings in Irish, there's no fadas ever on the ending. So it's a little tip for you there. So the ending here for May, A-I-M. For Túsle, Síd, Síd and Síd. A-N-N and up here A-I-M-I-D. So depending on which person is talking or doing the action, that's the ending that you have to put in. And again, to make them slender on the other side, what do I have to do? Take out the A, in this case add an E, and in this case it's I-M-I-D. So they're the endings that we're looking at. They're the endings we're going to put onto the end of the verbs. And remember, with one syllable verbs, we're in a caid raimnú, the first conjunction. A caid raimnú. What we're looking to do here is we're just looking to add an ending onto the verb. It's very, very rare that we have to take something out here. So it's just nine times out of ten, nine and a half times out of ten. Just add something on to the end of the verb. Is that okay? For a question, when we're asking a question in Irish, in the present tense, we're going to use on. plus an uru where possible if there's no uru for that like let's say did you kill someone on ma or do you kill someone all the time every weekend on mariantu there's no uru for an m so therefore there's no need to make anything up so if the word can accept an uru as well so we're using on this time previous tense we used air for a negative we use ni Ni equals a shavu. But the only thing about a shavu is it works on nearly all letters apart from the vowels. So if it's ni and there's a vowel, it just stays the same. And the letters l, n and r, think of the girl's name, Eleanor, will not take a shavu either. Is that okay? And then, of course, we've got our reverse sayer ending here. When something's been done and we don't know by who. Tar and tear, just like that. So there are the four endings we need to look at. This tense is going to be important for us because this is the language of discussion for poetry, for prose, for essays, for everything. The majority of the stuff we're going to... is in the present tense so it's really really important that you can get this stuff learnt that you can be comfortable with this tense and that you can recognize this tense as soon as possible especially with the Bríos air go horror had lesson Maria say that it's going to be used a hell of a lot in poetry because we get sick of saying the poet sees or that the author tells us. So let's say, in sheen unto they're doing. So in sheets they're doing it. So we can take out the poet and we can take out the author. It's a much better way to discuss it. It's said, it's told, it's done, it's recognised, it's shown. That's why we want to be talking about things when we're discussing our poetry. And when we're also talking about, let's say, the government. Let's say we've just said that, you know, Neil. instead of saying the government tells you've just mentioned the government so in English you'd say they tell us so here we want to do the same we want to say like we're told things not well fear not that aren't true whatever it may be all right so as you can see on the on your logbook page there it's all done in pink and what we've done is we have Gone through all of that. And we've got a couple of examples there. A verb that's lach and a verb that's quail. And a verb that begins in a vowel. The reason why I put the vowel in, it's no different. But the vowel this time is no special. It doesn't get treated in any special way. But the reason why I put it in is just to remind you of that. Sometimes what happens here is when students are really good in the past tense after watching the first video or after the first lesson with them. They start putting in some of the rules of the past tense onto the present tense also. And we don't want that at all. So they're all separate tenses. They all have their own separate rules. You don't mix and match the rules. Okay? And again, how do you remember if a verb is quail or Latin? So if we use cur and we use glan, you're looking at the last vowel in the verb which tells you which one you need to use. So for this case, so every day you put or I put cur. It's quail, so it's C-U-I-R-I-M. Glonk 2. Glonk 2. When we're dealing with these ones here. To say she should and she we have to write to say she should and she after the verb With may which in the pre here said there is no need to write any person after so it's never look Glom may the end noise already gives you that may noise at the end same is already included in the amoeger image. Okay? That's what we're looking at there. Have a quick look at a few of the examples. Mul, cur, o. On the following page, you've got space to actually fill in your endings. So you can fill... fill them in in an actual grid so me when it's latin what do you put in? A-I-M then you put in A-N-N, A-N-N, A-N-N, A-I-M-Y-D, A-N-N, A-N-N and tar, T-E-A-R put the slender ones on the other side and on the bottom of that page I have a thing called verbs to watch certain verbs that are tricky even though they're treated like one syllable verbs are a bit of a pain verbs like shul and tasbon you would think that they're treated like two syllable verbs tasbon especially but it's treated like a one syllable verb Underneath that we've got verbs like Lui, play When you mark both of them Lui to mention and play to discuss Because you are going to be discussing many things Like the author or the poet discusses Or the author or the poet mentions something So they're going to be really really important for you guys to get in Laid to read Might be useful for your Irish oral But I suppose the big ones there are Shul, Taspon, Lui and play They're all verbs that we'd use in discussion And you'd be shocked the amount of students Who even though they've got the answers here Get them wrong all the time the time so just be wary of that. On next page again we've got kyaak divra hai, exercise number one I'm going to set the board up and then we're going to put the answers up so I want you to have a go at doing exercise number one I'm going to set the board up here just while you guys are getting ready. So I want you to work through them. Put them all in the entry locker at the present tense. Try to figure out who's talking. Again, I'm going to write the answers up here as well. Don't look at mine until you are done with yours. Is that okay? Thank you. Thank Again, there's all your answers for a couple of one syllable ones there. Again, what do we notice? Anytime I've used may or amwidge I didn't have to put a person in, I didn't have any grievance there. But the likes of amwidge, im, im, im, amwidge. Erfod just means all of us, so tigment we understand, so we all understand. It's just to emphasise it. AIM there. Shgríad is one that catches people out very often. They think, oh it must look like a two syllable verb. It's not, it's treated like a one syllable verb. is that okay? so just be wary of that as well so there's a couple of one syllable endings again if you weren't done with them they're not going to disappear so just pause the video get them done and get them corrected I'm a big believer in doing things slowly and properly first time around to understand them and then you can take your time after that that all right so they're the one syllable verbs to summarize again you're adding in endings onto all of them for touche she she she you're putting in person after for mate which and Brie her Sarah there's no need to put the person and it's included in the ending for a question we use on plus on a roof like up here on gap and for a negative neat plus a H okay needless to shame that's how you do the one syllable ones in the next video I'm gonna have a look at the two syllable present tense verbs. Okay welcome to part two. Now we're going to have a look at the two syllable verbs, regular verbs in the Bríocharíalte that follow the rules and then very quickly we'll have a look at some irregular verbs at the very end of this lesson. So an Dara Réinne, an Áintse Láirc, the present tense, the second conjugation, deals with two syllable verbs. Verbs like as you can see over there, Ulbhig, Árheig, Codal, Cusin, Ahan, Inish. Alright, different types of verbs. You might recognize those verbs because some of them Are the ones that we changed when we were dealing with the past tense We're going to use the same rules here except we're going to put different endings in so again What endings do we have we have an ending for may? Which we don't need to include mayan we have an ending for to Shay she Shiv shit We have an ending from wit We have an ending for the producer So they're the four different endings we have. We've got a-i-father-m. Most, or nearly all, of the endings in the two-syllable verbs have a father. So if we look at this, a-i-father-m. For one syllable it's just a-i-dot-m. That's a spelling mistake. Getting that little father wrong counts as a spelling mistake. So it's really important you remember that with all the one-syllable endings, there's pretty much no fathers in them. For the two-syllable ones, there usually is a father in them for the most part. So we have aifada m, aifada onn, aifada mid. So the me and the mwid ending are the exact same as the one syllable ones, but you're putting in a fada on the first i each time. And the breeder's there, aifada t-e-a-r. Okay, a at the start makes it la. So there's the endings for that one side. Well, the endings are quail, slender. For the most part, we've just taken off the A at the start. Just take off the first letter, and that's what we're doing there. So if you learn the Latin side, you know for quail, you just take off the A. It makes it really simple. Alright? And again, now we need to figure out, that's the ending for when we know who's talking. We need to figure out... out now how to actually change or to conjugate verbs. So if we come over here, we've got a couple of examples. Again, this is in your notes, so you've got a Dara Rangnu, if you go to the page after the Dara Rangnu, we've got some of the examples. They're the ones I put on your notes, you can see them there. I'll put them up here. So we've got Uidhig, Aitharidh, Cuddal, Cusin, Aitharidh Inish. Different people for all of them, so let's start putting them in the present tense. So what do I want to do here? I want to take something off every time. So I'm going to underline the bit that I'm taking out. If I can open my markers, I have too many in one hand. The bits that I've underlined in red there are the bits that are going to disappear. Now usually you'd be putting a D apostrophe or a H or a shaven when it was the past tense. Here there's no need to do that. So literally just write down what you're left with. You don't have to make any change at the start of the verbs here. I'll do them in blue I think. So it's U L L M H and it's I prepare so it's all V M A I for the M The last vowel is a U so it's L L H This one, Atheric A T H R Two at the end. A, I, father, O, N, N. This one. You need to put the two in because the ending is two. Two, she, she, she, she. You have to put the person in. For me, my, the, bring, her, say, you do not. Cuddle. C-O-D-L. She, what's the ending? A, I, father, O, N, N. Cuddling sheet. Cussin, to protect, to cast. C-O-S-N is Nian. Ahan, to know or to recognise. A-I-T-H-N-I for the O-N-N. At Nian she recognises. And I tell in Sián. Like that. So again exact same as when I did the past tense I take off the AIGH or the AIGH here took out the A and the I, the A and the I, take out the I, take out the I. Okay they're the verbs that we're using as our examples I tried to change them up slightly from the ones I used the previous time but it's the same idea there's only certain ones that end aigh, aigh, ail, ain, aior and then aior, is, in, il for the last grouping okay on the next page you can write in those endings for me you can get the take there And underneath, while you're just taking them down, you can copy them off the board or you may know them off by heart by now. You've got a couple of awkward ones that are two syllables, but don't follow the rules exactly that I've put in for you. And these will be the same in the future tense also. So C, see them. You take off the IGH, but even though it's SU, you keep it as quail I for the M. Okay? Knee, the same. Fowlum. Fowlum, you take nothing out of the verb at all. So it's F-O-G-H-L-A-I-M, and then you put in the two syllable endings. Strut. Strange. That's one tip to learn, because you're going to use that in poetry. We learn, faolam eanwood, we learn more about the poem. Gui to pray, won't be using that very often. So faolam is the only one there that you really want to be wary of. And then we've got examples finally on the next page. So when you're ready, I'm going to get you to try, have a go, at doing 1, 2, 15 for me there. Is that okay? 1 to 15. I'm going to put the answers up on the board. So off you go. Oh, sorry. So again, my primary recommendation would be to pause the video and to... Yeah, pause the video and when you come back I'll have the answers then up on the board. Okay, I'll be going to you then. So don't rush yourself, take your time. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Okay, so there's your answers up there. Have a quick look at them and get them corrected, alright? Okay, so we obviously have our answers then up on the board there behind me. What I want you to do is the revision exercise, one of the same as the last set of notes and workshop that I gave you. Don't do them unless you're doing it as a test. You want to be testing yourself. And again, there's no problem making mistakes. If you make a mistake with my little worksheet there, there's no problem. Because you have the answers on the next page. You have the answers on the next page. You can go back and see, wow, I don't get this or I do get that or that's a small mistake. mistake there, you can learn from your mistakes. Mistakes in the classroom or on a worksheet are a good thing because you're learning something that you thought you knew but obviously didn't know maybe as well as you should. In an exam that's when mistakes are bad because you're losing marks that you feel you deserve. So keep that in the back of your mind. You've got a couple of examples there. Again that's why I don't do these on the board and I give you the answers after because you can go off now for 10 or 15 minutes, make sure you're memorising all the endings, looking over a couple of the random verbs and then you go off and do the these they're a mixture between one and two syllable they're all regular verbs and a question and negatives as well questions and negatives and then you've got the answers on the following page then we've got our regular verbs as the regular verbs go in the present tense they're probably the easiest to manage if we have a look at them there a couple of pages on that's quite tricky that's the only one really they're not too bad as things go you're looking at maybe a Thor and Tar as awkward ones and then Obra at the start as well but you're going to be using them a lot so it's well worth getting to know them that's all the she, to, she, she, she, she version again I'm going to link a video or I'd say it's probably gone to you by this stage you should have met that probably with the first video that you would have got and what it is is it shows you how to use a website that lets you know that are you putting the verb are you spelling the verb right so let's say if we click on the the verb frastle which is an awkward verb because it finishes in AIL but you only take it the I. You can actually go to a website type in the verb frastle and it'll give you a drop down menu of how you spell it every single time. So if you're not sure and you ever want to do a bit more grammar or you're looking at something that looks wrong I'm going to show you a website where you can check your grammar. It literally takes 30 seconds to do. So there's a video that's included in this that will show you how to do that as well. So that's me being able to show you how you can study by yourself. So let's say I do throw in another worksheet there. on the Instagram page. Throw another one out. So look for anyone who's looking for revision on all three tenses. There you go. Something out there, all four tenses. And you're like, oh, there's no answers or I don't know why I'm getting something wrong. Well, you can go to this website. You can check it. You can see if they're right or if they're wrong for yourself. The best thing is about this is one, you're going to understand all the tenses but two, you'll be able to confirm without an adult, without a teacher, without anyone who's fluent in Irish, are you managing the tenses correctly? Is that okay? Finally, the last thing. thing I included in these notes was there's a list of about eight or nine verbs. I call them the verbs for poetry, like laryg, feg, tasbon, pig, fowlum, like to learn, to understand, to show, to illustrate. The words you should be using in your poetry. And what I've done is I've put them in, in a grid, and you've got the basic form of the verb, the English, the mwint version, the we version, like we understand or we see, we learn something about the verb. animal in the poem or about the relationship in the poem or that it's shown to us it's understood and again I put the answers then on the next page The reason why I've done that is very often the verb that everyone goes to when they're discussing poetry is fecum. fec-imidge, and fec-ter. Everything is fec. And instead of using them all the time, I want you to use more. That's one way of saying, like, I see, we see, it's shown to us. But I want you to have other ways to do it, like if we look at paspantr, it's shown to us. Or what about leric, lericr, it is illustrated to us, it's shown to us as well, it's clear to us. All right? So with that very last bit, they are the verbs that you need to use when you're discussing poetry, when you're discussing your prose. So every time you're tempted... to go for feck go for a different verb you can still use feck a couple of times no problem at all and but when you're looking to get a h1 in irish it's not good enough to just use the c all the time we see we see we see we see what about we learn or we understand or we guess um or it's clear to us all right so that's what the last couple of exercises there are again i always give you a blank one because one to test yourself but two if you want to i suppose photocopy these notes these are actually available free to download i keep forgetting that so you don't need to, sometimes we're used to just handing hard copies to people, so you can download this again, so if this tense is a bit like, oh, a bit ropey here, not really sure, well go back, you have all the right answers now in this booklet, go back, print another set of notes, do it all as a full test, the whole booklet, and second time around, if you get anything wrong, even after seeing it explained, and with the answers right, you're able to go, okay, I need to go over that, that's the bit I really don't understand, all right, that is all I'm going to do on the present tense for you, go off, learn your regular verbs, you need to go learn Learn the endings for this and you need to get as much practice as possible. So again, you can do my worksheets again. There may be other things during the year where I throw up one on the Instagram story or something like that. Or else again, look for them in school. Very often we're not doing enough grammar in school because without your verbs, you're not going to do better than the H4 in Irish. So you need to be really, really good at these. You need to be really confident in these and you need to be working on them at least once a week. Just pick a tense. All you have to do is try and conjugate 15 verbs like this or the revision exercise like that. It just keeps your mind fresh. ticking over it keeps you sharp on point alright hope that's helpful hope that's useful and I will see you for the future tense in the next video

So in the past tense we wanted to change everything at the start. In the present tense we want to add stuff onto the end. So the different type of endings that we'll be looking at here is there's an ending for may, there's an ending for to, she, And there's going to be an ending from which as well. And again, depending on if the verbs are Latin or quail, we will have different endings.

Now let's remember back, what are our vowels that are Latin? We've got A, we've got O, and we've got U. Sorry, it looks like a Q, I better rewrite that. A, O, U. And the ones that are slender are I and E. So, what are we looking at here?

We've got May, Túsle, Síd, Síd and Mhuit. So, we've got different endings here. And nearly all the time when we're dealing with one syllable endings in Irish, there's no fadas ever on the ending.

So it's a little tip for you there. So the ending here for May, A-I-M. For Túsle, Síd, Síd and Síd.

A-N-N and up here A-I-M-I-D. So depending on which person is talking or doing the action, that's the ending that you have to put in. And again, to make them slender on the other side, what do I have to do? Take out the A, in this case add an E, and in this case it's I-M-I-D. So they're the endings that we're looking at.

They're the endings we're going to put onto the end of the verbs. And remember, with one syllable verbs, we're in a caid raimnú, the first conjunction. A caid raimnú.

What we're looking to do here is we're just looking to add an ending onto the verb. It's very, very rare that we have to take something out here. So it's just nine times out of ten, nine and a half times out of ten. Just add something on to the end of the verb.

Is that okay? For a question, when we're asking a question in Irish, in the present tense, we're going to use on. plus an uru where possible if there's no uru for that like let's say did you kill someone on ma or do you kill someone all the time every weekend on mariantu there's no uru for an m so therefore there's no need to make anything up so if the word can accept an uru as well so we're using on this time previous tense we used air for a negative we use ni Ni equals a shavu. But the only thing about a shavu is it works on nearly all letters apart from the vowels. So if it's ni and there's a vowel, it just stays the same.

And the letters l, n and r, think of the girl's name, Eleanor, will not take a shavu either. Is that okay? And then, of course, we've got our reverse sayer ending here. When something's been done and we don't know by who. Tar and tear, just like that.

So there are the four endings we need to look at. This tense is going to be important for us because this is the language of discussion for poetry, for prose, for essays, for everything. The majority of the stuff we're going to...

is in the present tense so it's really really important that you can get this stuff learnt that you can be comfortable with this tense and that you can recognize this tense as soon as possible especially with the Bríos air go horror had lesson Maria say that it's going to be used a hell of a lot in poetry because we get sick of saying the poet sees or that the author tells us. So let's say, in sheen unto they're doing. So in sheets they're doing it. So we can take out the poet and we can take out the author. It's a much better way to discuss it.

It's said, it's told, it's done, it's recognised, it's shown. That's why we want to be talking about things when we're discussing our poetry. And when we're also talking about, let's say, the government.

Let's say we've just said that, you know, Neil. instead of saying the government tells you've just mentioned the government so in English you'd say they tell us so here we want to do the same we want to say like we're told things not well fear not that aren't true whatever it may be all right so as you can see on the on your logbook page there it's all done in pink and what we've done is we have Gone through all of that. And we've got a couple of examples there.

A verb that's lach and a verb that's quail. And a verb that begins in a vowel. The reason why I put the vowel in, it's no different.

But the vowel this time is no special. It doesn't get treated in any special way. But the reason why I put it in is just to remind you of that.

Sometimes what happens here is when students are really good in the past tense after watching the first video or after the first lesson with them. They start putting in some of the rules of the past tense onto the present tense also. And we don't want that at all. So they're all separate tenses. They all have their own separate rules.

You don't mix and match the rules. Okay? And again, how do you remember if a verb is quail or Latin?

So if we use cur and we use glan, you're looking at the last vowel in the verb which tells you which one you need to use. So for this case, so every day you put or I put cur. It's quail, so it's C-U-I-R-I-M. Glonk 2. Glonk 2. When we're dealing with these ones here. To say she should and she we have to write to say she should and she after the verb With may which in the pre here said there is no need to write any person after so it's never look Glom may the end noise already gives you that may noise at the end same is already included in the amoeger image.

Okay? That's what we're looking at there. Have a quick look at a few of the examples. Mul, cur, o.

On the following page, you've got space to actually fill in your endings. So you can fill... fill them in in an actual grid so me when it's latin what do you put in?

A-I-M then you put in A-N-N, A-N-N, A-N-N, A-I-M-Y-D, A-N-N, A-N-N and tar, T-E-A-R put the slender ones on the other side and on the bottom of that page I have a thing called verbs to watch certain verbs that are tricky even though they're treated like one syllable verbs are a bit of a pain verbs like shul and tasbon you would think that they're treated like two syllable verbs tasbon especially but it's treated like a one syllable verb Underneath that we've got verbs like Lui, play When you mark both of them Lui to mention and play to discuss Because you are going to be discussing many things Like the author or the poet discusses Or the author or the poet mentions something So they're going to be really really important for you guys to get in Laid to read Might be useful for your Irish oral But I suppose the big ones there are Shul, Taspon, Lui and play They're all verbs that we'd use in discussion And you'd be shocked the amount of students Who even though they've got the answers here Get them wrong all the time the time so just be wary of that. On next page again we've got kyaak divra hai, exercise number one I'm going to set the board up and then we're going to put the answers up so I want you to have a go at doing exercise number one I'm going to set the board up here just while you guys are getting ready. So I want you to work through them.

Put them all in the entry locker at the present tense. Try to figure out who's talking. Again, I'm going to write the answers up here as well.

Don't look at mine until you are done with yours. Is that okay? Thank you.

Thank Again, there's all your answers for a couple of one syllable ones there. Again, what do we notice? Anytime I've used may or amwidge I didn't have to put a person in, I didn't have any grievance there.

But the likes of amwidge, im, im, im, amwidge. Erfod just means all of us, so tigment we understand, so we all understand. It's just to emphasise it. AIM there.

Shgríad is one that catches people out very often. They think, oh it must look like a two syllable verb. It's not, it's treated like a one syllable verb.

is that okay? so just be wary of that as well so there's a couple of one syllable endings again if you weren't done with them they're not going to disappear so just pause the video get them done and get them corrected I'm a big believer in doing things slowly and properly first time around to understand them and then you can take your time after that that all right so they're the one syllable verbs to summarize again you're adding in endings onto all of them for touche she she she you're putting in person after for mate which and Brie her Sarah there's no need to put the person and it's included in the ending for a question we use on plus on a roof like up here on gap and for a negative neat plus a H okay needless to shame that's how you do the one syllable ones in the next video I'm gonna have a look at the two syllable present tense verbs. Okay welcome to part two.

Now we're going to have a look at the two syllable verbs, regular verbs in the Bríocharíalte that follow the rules and then very quickly we'll have a look at some irregular verbs at the very end of this lesson. So an Dara Réinne, an Áintse Láirc, the present tense, the second conjugation, deals with two syllable verbs. Verbs like as you can see over there, Ulbhig, Árheig, Codal, Cusin, Ahan, Inish. Alright, different types of verbs. You might recognize those verbs because some of them Are the ones that we changed when we were dealing with the past tense We're going to use the same rules here except we're going to put different endings in so again What endings do we have we have an ending for may?

Which we don't need to include mayan we have an ending for to Shay she Shiv shit We have an ending from wit We have an ending for the producer So they're the four different endings we have. We've got a-i-father-m. Most, or nearly all, of the endings in the two-syllable verbs have a father. So if we look at this, a-i-father-m. For one syllable it's just a-i-dot-m.

That's a spelling mistake. Getting that little father wrong counts as a spelling mistake. So it's really important you remember that with all the one-syllable endings, there's pretty much no fathers in them. For the two-syllable ones, there usually is a father in them for the most part.

So we have aifada m, aifada onn, aifada mid. So the me and the mwid ending are the exact same as the one syllable ones, but you're putting in a fada on the first i each time. And the breeder's there, aifada t-e-a-r. Okay, a at the start makes it la. So there's the endings for that one side.

Well, the endings are quail, slender. For the most part, we've just taken off the A at the start. Just take off the first letter, and that's what we're doing there. So if you learn the Latin side, you know for quail, you just take off the A.

It makes it really simple. Alright? And again, now we need to figure out, that's the ending for when we know who's talking.

We need to figure out... out now how to actually change or to conjugate verbs. So if we come over here, we've got a couple of examples. Again, this is in your notes, so you've got a Dara Rangnu, if you go to the page after the Dara Rangnu, we've got some of the examples. They're the ones I put on your notes, you can see them there.

I'll put them up here. So we've got Uidhig, Aitharidh, Cuddal, Cusin, Aitharidh Inish. Different people for all of them, so let's start putting them in the present tense. So what do I want to do here? I want to take something off every time.

So I'm going to underline the bit that I'm taking out. If I can open my markers, I have too many in one hand. The bits that I've underlined in red there are the bits that are going to disappear. Now usually you'd be putting a D apostrophe or a H or a shaven when it was the past tense. Here there's no need to do that.

So literally just write down what you're left with. You don't have to make any change at the start of the verbs here. I'll do them in blue I think. So it's U L L M H and it's I prepare so it's all V M A I for the M The last vowel is a U so it's L L H This one, Atheric A T H R Two at the end.

A, I, father, O, N, N. This one. You need to put the two in because the ending is two. Two, she, she, she, she. You have to put the person in. For me, my, the, bring, her, say, you do not.

Cuddle. C-O-D-L. She, what's the ending?

A, I, father, O, N, N. Cuddling sheet. Cussin, to protect, to cast. C-O-S-N is Nian. Ahan, to know or to recognise.

A-I-T-H-N-I for the O-N-N. At Nian she recognises. And I tell in Sián. Like that. So again exact same as when I did the past tense I take off the AIGH or the AIGH here took out the A and the I, the A and the I, take out the I, take out the I.

Okay they're the verbs that we're using as our examples I tried to change them up slightly from the ones I used the previous time but it's the same idea there's only certain ones that end aigh, aigh, ail, ain, aior and then aior, is, in, il for the last grouping okay on the next page you can write in those endings for me you can get the take there And underneath, while you're just taking them down, you can copy them off the board or you may know them off by heart by now. You've got a couple of awkward ones that are two syllables, but don't follow the rules exactly that I've put in for you. And these will be the same in the future tense also. So C, see them.

You take off the IGH, but even though it's SU, you keep it as quail I for the M. Okay? Knee, the same.

Fowlum. Fowlum, you take nothing out of the verb at all. So it's F-O-G-H-L-A-I-M, and then you put in the two syllable endings.

Strut. Strange. That's one tip to learn, because you're going to use that in poetry.

We learn, faolam eanwood, we learn more about the poem. Gui to pray, won't be using that very often. So faolam is the only one there that you really want to be wary of. And then we've got examples finally on the next page. So when you're ready, I'm going to get you to try, have a go, at doing 1, 2, 15 for me there.

Is that okay? 1 to 15. I'm going to put the answers up on the board. So off you go. Oh, sorry.

So again, my primary recommendation would be to pause the video and to... Yeah, pause the video and when you come back I'll have the answers then up on the board. Okay, I'll be going to you then.

So don't rush yourself, take your time. Thank you. Thank you.

Thank you. Okay, so there's your answers up there. Have a quick look at them and get them corrected, alright?

Okay, so we obviously have our answers then up on the board there behind me. What I want you to do is the revision exercise, one of the same as the last set of notes and workshop that I gave you. Don't do them unless you're doing it as a test.

You want to be testing yourself. And again, there's no problem making mistakes. If you make a mistake with my little worksheet there, there's no problem.

Because you have the answers on the next page. You have the answers on the next page. You can go back and see, wow, I don't get this or I do get that or that's a small mistake.

mistake there, you can learn from your mistakes. Mistakes in the classroom or on a worksheet are a good thing because you're learning something that you thought you knew but obviously didn't know maybe as well as you should. In an exam that's when mistakes are bad because you're losing marks that you feel you deserve. So keep that in the back of your mind.

You've got a couple of examples there. Again that's why I don't do these on the board and I give you the answers after because you can go off now for 10 or 15 minutes, make sure you're memorising all the endings, looking over a couple of the random verbs and then you go off and do the these they're a mixture between one and two syllable they're all regular verbs and a question and negatives as well questions and negatives and then you've got the answers on the following page then we've got our regular verbs as the regular verbs go in the present tense they're probably the easiest to manage if we have a look at them there a couple of pages on that's quite tricky that's the only one really they're not too bad as things go you're looking at maybe a Thor and Tar as awkward ones and then Obra at the start as well but you're going to be using them a lot so it's well worth getting to know them that's all the she, to, she, she, she, she version again I'm going to link a video or I'd say it's probably gone to you by this stage you should have met that probably with the first video that you would have got and what it is is it shows you how to use a website that lets you know that are you putting the verb are you spelling the verb right so let's say if we click on the the verb frastle which is an awkward verb because it finishes in AIL but you only take it the I. You can actually go to a website type in the verb frastle and it'll give you a drop down menu of how you spell it every single time. So if you're not sure and you ever want to do a bit more grammar or you're looking at something that looks wrong I'm going to show you a website where you can check your grammar.

It literally takes 30 seconds to do. So there's a video that's included in this that will show you how to do that as well. So that's me being able to show you how you can study by yourself.

So let's say I do throw in another worksheet there. on the Instagram page. Throw another one out.

So look for anyone who's looking for revision on all three tenses. There you go. Something out there, all four tenses. And you're like, oh, there's no answers or I don't know why I'm getting something wrong. Well, you can go to this website.

You can check it. You can see if they're right or if they're wrong for yourself. The best thing is about this is one, you're going to understand all the tenses but two, you'll be able to confirm without an adult, without a teacher, without anyone who's fluent in Irish, are you managing the tenses correctly?

Is that okay? Finally, the last thing. thing I included in these notes was there's a list of about eight or nine verbs.

I call them the verbs for poetry, like laryg, feg, tasbon, pig, fowlum, like to learn, to understand, to show, to illustrate. The words you should be using in your poetry. And what I've done is I've put them in, in a grid, and you've got the basic form of the verb, the English, the mwint version, the we version, like we understand or we see, we learn something about the verb.

animal in the poem or about the relationship in the poem or that it's shown to us it's understood and again I put the answers then on the next page The reason why I've done that is very often the verb that everyone goes to when they're discussing poetry is fecum. fec-imidge, and fec-ter. Everything is fec. And instead of using them all the time, I want you to use more. That's one way of saying, like, I see, we see, it's shown to us.

But I want you to have other ways to do it, like if we look at paspantr, it's shown to us. Or what about leric, lericr, it is illustrated to us, it's shown to us as well, it's clear to us. All right?

So with that very last bit, they are the verbs that you need to use when you're discussing poetry, when you're discussing your prose. So every time you're tempted... to go for feck go for a different verb you can still use feck a couple of times no problem at all and but when you're looking to get a h1 in irish it's not good enough to just use the c all the time we see we see we see we see what about we learn or we understand or we guess um or it's clear to us all right so that's what the last couple of exercises there are again i always give you a blank one because one to test yourself but two if you want to i suppose photocopy these notes these are actually available free to download i keep forgetting that so you don't need to, sometimes we're used to just handing hard copies to people, so you can download this again, so if this tense is a bit like, oh, a bit ropey here, not really sure, well go back, you have all the right answers now in this booklet, go back, print another set of notes, do it all as a full test, the whole booklet, and second time around, if you get anything wrong, even after seeing it explained, and with the answers right, you're able to go, okay, I need to go over that, that's the bit I really don't understand, all right, that is all I'm going to do on the present tense for you, go off, learn your regular verbs, you need to go learn Learn the endings for this and you need to get as much practice as possible.

So again, you can do my worksheets again. There may be other things during the year where I throw up one on the Instagram story or something like that. Or else again, look for them in school.

Very often we're not doing enough grammar in school because without your verbs, you're not going to do better than the H4 in Irish. So you need to be really, really good at these. You need to be really confident in these and you need to be working on them at least once a week.

Just pick a tense. All you have to do is try and conjugate 15 verbs like this or the revision exercise like that. It just keeps your mind fresh. ticking over it keeps you sharp on point alright hope that's helpful hope that's useful and I will see you for the future tense in the next video

Transcript for:Understanding Present Tense in Irish

Transcript for:
Understanding Present Tense in Irish