Art Deco and its Influence in America

Introduction to Art Deco

• Art Deco Origin: Emerged in France in the late 1920s.
• 1925 Exhibition: Showcased a shift from ornamental designs to machine aesthetics.

Arrival in America

• 1925 Paris Exhibition: The American government did not showcase but attended to learn.
• Adoption in the US: Cultural institutions like the Metropolitan Museum of Art purchased Art Deco pieces, influencing American design.

American Contributions to Modern Design

• Architecture: Tall buildings and skyscrapers, e.g., Chrysler Building, were significant.
• Paul Frankl: Austrian immigrant who integrated skyscraper designs into furniture.

Influence of Skyscrapers

• Setback Law (1916): Allowed light and air at street level, influencing building design.
• Radiator Building by Raymond Hood: Featured Gothic motifs, a central shaft with minimal ornament.

Chrysler Building

• Design Elements: Incorporates Art Deco motifs, car elements as architecture (gargoyle-like figures based on hood ornaments).
• Interior Design: Use of luxury materials, experimental lighting, and murals.

Rockefeller Center

• Concept: Created to be a self-contained city with business, culture, and retail.
• Architecture: Art Deco style with gardens, meant for sunlight and air.
• Radio City Music Hall: Designed by Donald Deskey, focused on grandeur with less expensive materials.

Industrial Design Emergence

• Raymond Loewy: Pioneered streamlining in design, affecting both products and spaces.
• Streamlining: Used for aesthetic appeal and perceived dynamism.

World's Fair 1939

• Exhibitions: Displayed futuristic designs, particularly in the automotive industry.
• Futurama Ride: By Norman Bel Geddes, envisioned a futuristic city with advanced transportation.

Conclusion

• Legacy of Art Deco: Influenced American design up to World War II, paving the way for modernism post-war.