Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)

Overview

• Presenter: Cathy from Level Up RN
• Topics Covered:
  • Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)
  • Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
• Video Features: Quiz at the end to test knowledge.

Key Points

Definitions and Causes

• SJS and TEN: Life-threatening skin reactions.
• Triggers: Certain medications such as:
  • Anticonvulsants
  • Allopurinol (gout medication)
  • Sulfonamides (class of antibiotics)
• Difference: Severity of symptoms and skin loss; TEN results in more skin loss than SJS.
• Cause: Genetic mutation leading to abnormal immune response, causing destruction of skin and mucous membrane cells.

Symptoms

• Initial flu-like symptoms.
• Followed by painful blistering and peeling of skin.
• Typically starts on the face and chest, and may spread to other body parts.

Diagnosis

• Conducted through a skin biopsy.

Treatment

• Discontinuation of the causative medication.
• Fluid resuscitation.
• Oxygen therapy.
• Analgesics.
• Corticosteroids.
• Possible intubation and mechanical ventilation.
• Admission to a burn unit if possible.

Nursing Interventions

• Maintain patient body temperature.
• Provide wound care using nonadherent dressings as ordered.

Quiz Questions

1. Are SJS and TEN caused by a bacterial skin infection?
   • Answer: False. They are caused by an abnormal immune response to certain medications.
2. How is SJS and TEN diagnosed?
   • Answer: Through a skin biopsy.
3. Should patients with significant skin loss due to SJS or TEN be admitted to a burn unit?
   • Answer: True.

Conclusion

• End of video and playlist.
• Encouragement to review flashcards and good luck wishes for studying.