when talking about the past in German you have these three options does perfect which is the present perfect tense which is the simple past perfect which is the past perfect tense the first one perfect is the one you probably already learned in A1 is also the most important and most common one that's perfect and in A2 you learn about prum which is also important and in B1 learn about plus perfect which is actually not that common used in this video we will focus just on prum the simple past you will learn how to build it for regular and irregular verbs how to recognize prum example sentences and lots of tips and tricks during this video to help you to understand this German tense better and in case we haven't met yet hello L you're watching your German teacher and if you are learning German by yourself or you're taking classes but it's a little bit too fast for you check out our homepage your gerant teer.com where you can find ebooks worksheets and complete online courses which will help you on your German Journey you will find the link down in the description all right PR let me talking about gangen height in general we have mostly like these two options just mentioned before does perfect present perfect tense which is and the second one is simple past now important to understand is that the present perfect tense that's perfect is mainly used for speaking so whenever you talk to somebody in German talking about the past you most probably will use this perfect and prum is used for writing in written German so you will see it in newspapers in reports or in books but there are some verbs in pitum which we also use in spoken German the most important ones which are also the most important ones in general for German are Z to be and to have here the conjugation and there are also six model verbs which we also use in prum in spoken [Music] German we don't go into detail to all of those because we already have two videos one about prum for and harbon and one about the six model verbs in prum you will find the links down in the description but in this lesson we will talk mainly about other important German verbs which we also sometimes use in spoken German in and of course as you know in German we have regular and regular verbs and we start with the regular ones theug verb conjugation for regular verbs we take the verb cenen to buy a simple easy regular verb we start with the present tense conjugation and so on now we add perfect the present perfect tense and so on and now we add 10 now why did I put these three tenses together let's just look at the verb stem then ver this is this c c so you drop the e ending and then you have the verb stem when you look closely you will see that you have this C in all three tenses in present imperfect the only thing you have to do is you add the endings so for present tense e s t t and so on perfect you have this G for the past participle particip and then this T at the end which is also a sign mostly for regular verbs and prum this t TST t e and so on now let's just compare presentence and prum and as you can see they are very similar right this is for regular verbs always like this so the only thing which is actually changing is this T there is a t after the verb stem C then a t and then the endings so very close to this present tense conjugation but this T is a big sign for whenever you see this in a verb conjugation you know okay this must be prum another important thing a tip here the first and third person singular and plural the conjugation of prum for any verb it doesn't matter if it's regular or irregular any verb the first person and the third person singular and plural they have always the same conjugation let's look at some other regular verbs here we take to make to do FR to ask and zagen to say those are all regular verbs and when we just look at the verb stem then you can see that this is the same for all so you have this verb stem and then you add the prum endings for regular verbs as you can see here but of course it wouldn't be German if there wouldn't be some special cases ver t or d verbs with a D or D at the end at the end of the verb stem from verb they get an additional e to work V to wait or read to talk or say and as you can see AR and V they both have a t at the end of the verb stem anden has a D at the end of the verb stem now we add the prum conjugation and you can see there is this additional e after the verb stem and between so between the verb stem and the endings the prum endings this is there for pronunciation reason so let's check let's take the first one foren first person singular in pres if you wouldn't have this there it would be which is kind of impossible to pronounce so this is just there this e is just there for pronunciation reasons another important tip so the second person singular and the second person plural are not important at all in prum so you kind of not kind of forget about it but you can kind of neglected why because whenever you use the second person singular or plural this means you're talking to somebody directly and whenever we talk to somebody directly about something that happened in the past we would never use this sentence here in perfect did you buy yesterday the new cell phone in this be handy absolutely perfect the grammatically it's correct both sentences are correct and both have the same exactly the same meaning but we would never use prum so for spoken German H imperfect is perfect and we would not not use PR this is just something you have to keep in mind so again second person singular and plural for spoken German we almost never use an example likes to cook yesterday Tom bought a cookbook cooked spaghetti with mushrooms and waited for his wife all the verbs here in yellow are regular verbs all of them are his wife didn't ask why because she was working late and was very tired again three verbs all in yellow is actually irregular verb is all right is done let's go to irregular verbs we start again with the conjugation we take the verb bring to bring in presence bring looks like this which looks very regular right and this is something you also have to keep in mind if you just look at the verb conjugation for present for present tense you can actually not tell if this verb is regular or irregular there's quite a few of German verbs which are irregular but they are regular in present tense conjugation so the only way to 100 100% be sure to know if it's a regular or a irregular verb is when you look at the prum form but first we also add perfect and so on here for the past participle you already see this is not regular now let's add all also the and here you see 100% this is not regular because the verb stem this spring is actually not in prum form so this is the sign okay this is a 100% irregular verb now here again I added all three tenses why because here you see some similarities between perfect the past participle and the pr form and this is something which you also see in other verbs for example V to think V to know and all of those three verbs are actually also kind of used not common but used in prum in spoken German now we add the past participle for those two which is for for and now let's add the pration which looks like this and as you can see when we just look at this p past participle there you see those similarities between the past participle particip and the pon conjugation and why do I tell this why because the past participle you most probably know already so this is just something to help you because the past participle you should have already learned before and whenever you form the prum this might help you to form because you already know the past participle but of course it wouldn't be German unfortunately this is not a rule irregular verbs always always have exceptions at least this one is here is already irregular in present tense give it do keep sked and this is also very common for irregular verbs in present tense if they are irregular in present tense is mostly mostly the second and third person singular form let's add that's perfect and so on and now let's add [Music] the and as you can see this past participle here G and form there's nothing really much they have in common and this is also for some other important [Music] verbs [Music] just to show you again let's add the past participle for it's for it's and there is not much they have in common with the pr form but there is one thing which they do have in common and this is this vowel change vowel change vocal vexel so you see this G for example there's this G and you have this e in prum it gets a a an a g common is a o prum is also a a finden is I also a vowel prum it's another vowel it's also a so this a is quite common used in prum again another side tip if you see something in the verb conjugation and you have this a there might be PR for G this one here you don't have it you don't have this R you have a I but you still have this vowel change I know this is not really helping right this vowel change it's just something I wanted to point out but the only thing which is important when it comes to irregular verbs learn the irregular verbs by heart you have to learn them by heart write your your own list with irregular verbs write them down in present tense and past tense so the first row is this present the present tense conjugation then the second row is the perfect the present perfect tense so we have the past participle and the third row is the form in prum try to do this for all the irregular verbs there's not too many so whenever you come across a new irregular verb try to add it accordingly to this list and learn this list by heart Let's do an example also for and again we have Tom which just cooked spaghetti Tom found the spaghetti Tom thought the spaghetti were so delicious that he wrote down the recipe here we have in is f and we have to write down is a a separable verb and here just to point out another thing about SE verbs in prum they exactly work the same way but here we have a NE a subordinate cluse right so separable verbs are not separated they are just put together to with the prefix First of and then the conjugation here Maria brought the dishes into the kitchen gave the cat fresh water and went to bed because she was tired here as well in yellow all three verbs are irregular verbs all in prum form and in this video there is no bonus tip because I think I gave you already quite a lot of tips during this video but you have House of gbon homework the question is very simple what did you do yesterday now to answer this question in the comments write everything the complete answer in PR you have to write the answer in PR yesterday I went to the movies and watched a a movie which is pretty obvious so maybe this is and maybe you don't know this maybe you don't know the conjugation of Z in prum just go to Google type in and then the verb here for example Z and then you will have the conjugation in prum on the first page just as a small side tip and if you want to know more about perfect the present perfect tense can watch this video here or then you can watch this video here I hope you learned something