please welcome to the stage guest speaker Thomas angero and chairman Dr Christopher Ames and Dr Jeffrey gum [Music] [Music] well it's uh it's my sincere uh pleasure to welcome Thomas and glaro to the the stage uh he did a great job last night the the cranial team was uh was bragging about him and I told him it's a spine night tonight so he needs to speak at a slightly higher level uh because the spine surgeons are here and not the brain surgeons tonight so um Thomas has had a great experience in the startup world and Big Data I think published a book in AI in 2022 and and also Captain the championship uh basketball team I believe is that right keep on going keep on going so I I think it would be best actually because your background and data is so is so detailed and long uh that you tell us a little bit about your how you got so involved in data and how it became a passion of yours and uh to the point that now you've youve you know you're you're so uh sought-after to give talks on data uh before we dive into it so maybe a little background on yourself would be great i' should we sit down yeah let it feel like I'm I'm in Broadway doing a show so um the answer is real simple how I got into Data uh was as most of the men would understand uh I fell in love with a six- foot blonde that's that's the short answer so I was uh working as a mechanical engineer in New York City and and I started dating a Norwegian woman we now married kids and all that stuff anyway as all uh Norwegian women do they love their country she moved back to Norway we had a longdistance relationship it was $15 a minute to call Norway back then that's a lot of money and I could this could be very long but I'll keep it short anyway because I wanted to save money and because I wanted to stay in touch with the woman that I love one of my first claims of Fame was that I'm the 10th person in the world ever to use the internet as a phone call and that started me on this whole nerd it data thing and I was just an engineer that played with natural gas pipes in Brooklyn so six foot blondes is the reason why I am where I am today I'm just honest about it you know it's a good reason yeah I think je and I are going to stay quiet on that but we can probably both understand that um so let me ask you as you envision the future of healthcare being such an expert in AI what and machine learning and those are terms that are just thrown around so you know routinely these days way too much yeah give us your give us your perspective on how we can leverage those tools because they're basically statistical tools um to optimize the care of our patients and what do you think are the biggest barriers biggest opportunities and the biggest barriers so listening to being here the last day and half two days I got so much input from the inferior surgeons that were here the last day does that make you feel better yeah I know you had to speak at a slightly lower level for the I I don't understand what's going on between you guys but uh I'll just I'm a neurosurgeon so I can if I get beat up in the hallways afterwards I'm coming after you so um let me tell you the picture that I see and I cannot do you were brutal by the way to the last bunch of people so you should be beat up in no way uh they all they all got A's at the end I hope I fail and I'm being dead honest because we you want to fail in your world you can't fail because you're dealing with a human body right in our world we we don't want to know what the hell we're doing we want to be blown away for for example um what's happening now if is that um the AI if everybody knows about chat GTP everybody play with chat GPT give me a yeah who has never touched chat Z no you can leave I'm kidding I'm I'm I'm nothing big hug Google so chat gbt is the one that got most of the media attention you know all about that but then you have companies and that's run by a startup company called open AI but then you have Google who's in the race right and they have theirs called Gemini and then Apple's coming out with theirs Facebook has theirs so the example I used yesterday but I think is relevant is that Google Gemini which was called Google bard they launched Google Gemini two weeks ago version 1.0 and it was better than chat gbt and they said version 1.5 will be ready in one year it's going to be fantastic two nights ago they launched version 1.5 good they had no idea that they could do it in two weeks why because the damn AI is writing its own code it's going at an accelerated rate that we have no idea what's going on it is doing things that we cannot predict so that's why I hope I fail We are failing all the time because we're succeeding at at creating something that is I won't say has a mind of his own but it is accelerating at a rate that we don't even comprehend yeah um yesterday we talked about uh the uh the I BM competition where the computer played against the the Chinese game go was it is it go right yeah and there's a famous move anybody ever play Go anybody know this story so there's a famous move in go in and and the IBM machine played against the the Chinese the world championes Chinese doesn't matter and it was moov I think it was 37 that the computer did and in the history of the game go no one's ever done that move and that move the announcers said that move was alien everybody freaked out saying what was that move is we've never seen that move before and it was a defining move when the competition is over and the Kine beat the human being they went to the developers and they said what did you do because at that time this story was 5 years ago at that time AI what we did with AI we gave it all the historical information these are all the moves human beings have ever done so that AI should only duplicate or replicate move 37 was a move that it was never taught that's where we are today it is super exciting now to get to your point just give me some background context for surgeons and what do I see I'm so excited for you so I hope you guys get excited I was say a joke about the guys yesterday but they were they were really cool because a whole bunch of here so what's really exciting is everybody's familiar with the Apple headset right how many people have it how many people bought it for their kids who are the great Papas and masas nobody your worst parents I've ever seen in my life go buy your kid some expens I only $5,000 no big deal so what's really exciting when I was listening to the last panel I was seeing this thought of because one of them was saying you know uh I don't want all the data I want the solution so let me offer you this with the Apple headset what you can do is when you put the headset on we can take all the knowledge of the best surgeons all of you if you spend time in training the headset the software we can replicate your knowledge and make you accessible to every surgeon in the world simultaneously wouldn't it be wonderful um on a Friday night I don't know what you guys do on a Friday night but I make believe that you guys are so dedicated Friday night you guys are practicing at home no yes no okay say yes to make me impressed all right no sure she's like hell no okay so imagine this is going to one of the questions we asked imagine putting the headset on and as soon as you put it on you have all the surgeons that you want to work with and you can have a virtual patient and at that moment that and I'm not saying they're online they're offline but it's been digitized your knowledge has been digitalized and it doesn't matter that that one surgeon is Japanese and he only speaks Japanese he it could be translated into English and you could work on that patient and we could actually do that during a surgery where you have all the knowledge of all the best surgeons in the world whether they're alive they're dead available to you you at all time it's almost like anybody seen Pinocchio and that little jimy Cricket everybody remember jimy Cricket yeah you guys never what's wrong with this nobody Pinocchio I'm sorry about the audience okay we'll just talk to you two guys so so Jiminy Cricket right so Jiminy Cricket his job was tell Pinocchio what's right and what's wrong we can do that today and your knowledge your capabilities can be shared with every surgeon in the world you can live forever your knowledge goes on forever it goes to uh like my son he's in his third year medical school you can influence him you can influence kids in grammar school you could influence senior uh surgeons this is where we're at and this is not that your 20-year question is going why this guys caught up on 20 years I have trouble with two yeah anything beyond two is if anybody ever answers you say I'm a futurist uh in five years from now just tell them shut up two years two years is hard as hell three months is comfortable six months I start sweating two years I am like so full of it at that point because again two weeks ago the the world's most state-of-the-art gener of AI was launched two weeks later when it was supposed to give birth a year ago it was birth two weeks later this thing is going so fast two years if if if a year is two weeks somebody do the math for me you guys are smarter than I am right 2 * 52 that's 26 26 to 5 so in 50 so in two years this equivalent of 52 calendar years dude that's half a century of knowledge and matter of fact it's not linear it's logarithmic so do the math on that what what what's they you rais a really interesting point you know like when you look at AI playing games like go or you know playing chess for example yeah I'd always thought that the AI would just wear the opponent down with like a series of perfect logical moves but actually if you want to detect whether AI is playing the game you need to detect the most creative moves because AI is going to make the craziest the move 37 from go and we saw in our own data that AI actually or machine learning taught us in gave us information about spine patients that we didn't know before for example we always thought there was a very intimate relationship between alignment and outcome when we used AI predict outcome we actually asked our scientist can you predict since you can predict the outcome can you predict the ideal alignment for that patient that would optimize the outcome and he couldn't and the reason was because it wasn't anywhere the post-operative alignment wasn't anywhere in the top 10 and we wouldn't have known that without using more sophisticated data techniques to try to predict something so I really like your your your thought about AI and even generative AI teaching us things that we didn't realize before I think a lot of people look at AI almost oppositionally um but really when you go through an a using the process of AI it's going to I I feel like it's going to teach us things do you think the same about things we already considered that we knew in terms of looking at it in different ways I think a lot of guys in this room they using chat TBT I think it saved their marriages come this past Valentine's Day any use chat PT matter of fact there is a doctor in this room who told me that he actually on Valentine's Day used chat TPT to write a poem for his wife and he gave it to his wife he printed out gave it to his wife she said she started to cry where are you Dave Fred now now he's in trouble man in trouble come on she thought that was here you know what does it matter right so and and then he says uh and he says I forgot I think he said I didn't tell her or whatever but um too so so two points for you right um will it teach us AB absolutely but it's the word where I'm struggling is the word teach it's I don't think that's appropriate I think it's more of will it assist us to have more epiphanies that's where I think is really interesting will it help me to have more what if moments oh oh wow I I didn't see that okay and the beauty of AI is that you can go okay and you could have a conversation with it uh and you could talk to chat gbt on your mobile phone right now you could go that's interesting now what if you try this and and and this and then it will correlate in a few seconds later it'll give you the answer and wow okay but what about that that's where we're at so is that I'm not trying to shoot down the word teaching like he was shooting everybody El down a moment ago um it's more than teaching it's BR I I look at it like being back in kindergarten when you were playing in the sand and everything was so much fun as an adult we got bills we got a job we have you know all these things isn't it to me it's so exciting to have this refreshness of like oh my God it's so much fun to be alive again it's unlimited possibilities woo yeah that's what you know that's the level that I'm at but but on the flip side of that Mr negativity go for it hey hey you said you want to fail yeah right please in this type of technology and advancement I I mean the what what you're talking about is the scale of data use the scale of data incorporation and Analysis is is not is exponential as a soft description of that right what we're doing with it now and it's going to allow us to fail less we're we're inherently going to avoid hurdles that our society is always gone through you said you want to fail yeah right so as I incorporate this into my life I'm going to fail less I'm going to be better at what I do what's what's Downstream of that wow that is a very spiritual question it is if all the answers to the questions we have are answered and the robots so I will talk about robots thank you thank you f finally I'm trying to take care of you finally Emily brought up robot this is me paying you on the table Yeah Yeah so and the robots um are coming in five five months from now exactly actually and I'll elaborate that in a moment so if there's every if if it if it could help me what is our purpose then me ask if the if if all my questions are answered and everything's taken care of me what is my purpose who am I this that's why you're asking me a very spiritual question yeah um that's a beautiful question in itself isn't it yeah right will we get there no cuz human beings we're so crazy we're causing War how many wars do we have now I mean it's just we we take something beautiful and we destroying we destroying this planet and and then the during the uh cranial people who you don't like so both of you guys are negative Your Own Way um the the the the cranial guys they asked me you know AI you know it could be used for bad bad people will do bad things good people will do good it is what is human beings we are the floor the AI is just going to do what we tell to do yeah you have your hand up I can barely see you but please go right ahead does anybody have a microphone for the gentlemen or G is based information we Fe yes or no what if it isong in so it is wrong so let's it is wrong by the way not all of it it is getting smarter so AI in itself is about 40 50 years old generative AI was using neural networks and large language models and all that that's only 16 months old and it's a baby and it's learning and it's getting smarter what's amazing about the announcement two nights ago with guu Gemini version 1.5 they then they now said that they are pretty confident that is correct 88% of the time when 1.0 was launch they were at 70 that's insane it's getting better extremely fast is it based on the information we give it yes but it's correlating it's like when you guys right now what you're doing is you're listening you have your own historical experience you're listening to me and you're going ah okay that's what the damn algorithm is doing but we didn't tell it to do that this is what's freaking us out and we like it and one of the scary things is you know how uh just because you can you shouldn't do right a lot of guys in college just because you can that was a joke too go guys I got it but if you guys have fun in college you know what I'm talking about just because the AI can do that should we allow it to do that we're approaching that precipice where we have that as a serious question and a dilemma is getting that advance that fast it is wonderful because to your point Society uh issues with sustainability pollution the forest uh climate change a lot of that we're going to find new solutions that we never thought of before and that's fantastic but it's a slippery slope to other things as well right um and human beings we are so strange that we do weird things when we when the absolute how many people been in a perfect relationship and you just messed it all up raise your hand not one person is going to raise a hand look at you yeah yeah okay right exactly that this is the problem we could have a perfect Planet probably I'm you know I'm this Optimist but human beings we are the flaw in the whole thing even if we get the perfect answer we get it to 99.99% somebody's going to do something stupid with it let me let me have you stay on that point so like go if we have the best AI yeah and the AI predictive accuracy is increases all the time we get better more and more data better and better data we can get really high predictive accuracy yeah at least for the short term before the AI and the machines take over we're still trying to utilize that AI for the benefit of humans always and so humans are limited by our own cognitive capacity and yet we still have to process all the predictions that the AI can make so for example if you think about the simplest predictions maybe they're Financial predictions you want to invest it gives you all these different scenarios and it can predict accurately or you're thinking about having a medical treatment and it can predict very accurately the outcomes the complications the costs how do how do how do we work with the human mind to in the decision capacity the decision science of it so that humans are using the AI to to make the best decisions um because we're still limited in our processing capacity so if we can predict everything but we still as humans have to decide what to do how do we translate that into a decision science I mean metronics trying to do it they can predict everything but how do the patients digest it to make the best choice for themselves um yeah you understand what I'm yeah asking to to add on to that real quick before you go for it that's the reason why when you ask who's used J GPT yeah right there's not a single person in the room that's like oh that's cool but how do I use it like how how can it what what where in my data day life everything does it make it beneficial right but that's what Chris is getting to is but do I ask my phone like is it the day to day Clinic evaluation like but that's the barrier that we're stuck with everything how pick up your damn phone and talk it's it's that easy I mean you could down chat TBT is free and you just put your thumb down where it says record and you start talking Chachi PT I forgot to buy my wife roses for Valentine's Day uh she's Norwegian and she has a very bad temper what should I do right yeah um use it for everything listen this technology generative Ai and the training that is being put into it is being done by everybody know do you guys have any idea the tsunami that's coming at you I was my heart has been bleeding listening to the administrators been two wonderful ladies on stage explaining the pain of being of hospitals and it's was it raer thin morgin she said before right and I'm thinking my God in the IT world we have infinite money it's insane and I'm like raer in margins yeah so Apple just reported the quarterly earnings and the quarterly it wasn't even net revenue is profit for Apple this past quarter was $ 157 billion one quarter profit that's one quarter Apple now you got metronics attention there we go baby so Apple's G Apple's total gross revenue on a yearly basis is equivalent to the GDP of the 34th largest nation state in the world that's one Corporation Google has almost as much these are the companies that are throwing insane amount of money into this to make this happen those are your partners I think somebody said in your panel who should we be partnering with stick to your core business and what you do but partner with the other entities that know sensors software algorithms and create an ecosystem and that's how you get this thing done so Ai and predictive models are are only as good as the data that's input into them yes and we have to be very careful in healthcare when we interpret predictive models because it's very subject to inclusion bias on the front end of of the data that's for example in the study groups in our research groups there's certain criteria that we use to enroll you can't generalize really Beyond you can't generalize predictions beyond the subgroup of patients that met the the enrollment criteria large language models are based on language and uh to some extent that might be limiting where do you see the future of these of of generative AI do you think it's going to start including multi-dimensional information it's going to include like raw uh visual data like how can we overcome some of this some of this bias where it includes everything in an unstructured way so the question how and how you ask your question is how you right we ask our question using language which is itself a b limiting but that's how we as human language is a software of our minds we even when you people who who speak different languages probably think slightly differently because they have different software running their in terms of the the structure of their their thought processes is lingid is limited by the language in which they think so how else do we we're human beings we communicate through language that's the that's the tool we have I started laughing because the ultimate answer of course is to put a chip inside your brain and then you don't have to use your your mouth and you're directly connected right you have an AI supercomputer chip in your brain it has Wireless or Bluetooth probably you want to use wireless so that you have maximum bandwidth capability and you correct connect right into the neural network of Google's neural net Facebook's neural net Apple's neural net all simultaneously and as you think you're connected to the the hive mind that's probably where you're going but that that's technically doable but do you want to actually have a society of that great did we miss that yesterday was that what you guys is that what you guys talked about yesterday with the cranial guys is that what we talk we talked a little bit about that yes he was he was organizing the implant technology with the brain surgeon yesterday I think that's what you guys started with no but I'm I'm being honest I mean you guys um know about La mus neuralink right they they make big hype about everything um but they they've opened it for that you go to the web page put in your us what's it first name last name email address and you get on the waiting list is here right and of course to get it down to the price of a lazy surgery where you're in and out two hours under $1,000 you're chipped this is reality where you're going is someplace really interesting but as human beings our form of communication is talking and we have built in bias so today with what the way we talk to the software is you prompt it which is basically talking I want I'd like to make an investment in the stock market uh or sorry let's keep it clinical um I want you to look at this x-ray I want or This research report but I want you to put greater emphasis on the the U I'm not the clinician I can't make stuff up but put greater emphasis on this put less emphasis on this that's how we you you can modify the bias or influence the bias because developers are writing code and their bias you have to remember a developer is a human being and that morning he or she may have I'm keep on doing these wife jokes I'm not mean to he or she may had got an argument or you know with the dog the dog may have did something on the carpet and he when he or she went to work and they not their coding in a very aggressive way and that's built into the code we're all human human beings are the floor what's not what scares us is that when we tell the AI write your own code um mature yourself we don't like that because we don't understand what it's doing actually an interesting story happened was that um they took two gener of AI systems and they told it to talk to each other and to ask each other questions and then rewrite the source code to based on the answer when they ran it for two days after two days they looked at the outcome and what had happened was the two AI systems had create their own language and the developers said we don't understand what they were saying to each other we didn't teach it to create its own language where the hell did that come from that's where we're at this is a most super exciting we we are going to be able to solve in a very short time I'm talking about like 2024 problems and situations we never could throw think of so to all of you start playing be playful in your mind pick up your damn phone and talk everybody know how to talk yes it's almost an insulting question but it's free to do this play and the best version so Google Gemini if you want the very very best is $20 a month I think you guys are surgeons you got everybody got Netflix you can afford $20 a month right so if you want the access to the best gener of AI tools today is the price of a Netflix subscription but but still I want to get back to my my question yes my original question which is yeah for example You can predict everything and in the financial World Bloomberg made a lot of you know was very successful by making interfaces that Traders could use to digest all of those predictions and all that information in real time to make the best decision yeah do you think that decision interfaces is going to be an industry that will grow out of the the ability to predict so once you can predict a lot of different things accurately you have to consider your own values and then digest the information it has to be placed in a digestible form to make the best decision that you can make do you do you see that decision decision science or user interfaces as an industry that's going to grow in in the in the world of AI I don't see how it cannot otherwise it can be a bit uninterpretable if you can't digest the information yeah so you in your example you have a individual who's digesting the all the information and then the way I see it is that individual is only one of a million people that I want to know what is their outcome of their analysis we do that today so it's infinite almost infinite amount of information so Warren Buffett I today or you today when you guys are done here you could use chat CP or Google Gemini or Bard or whatever you want you can say I want you to an Analyze This the S&P 500 for the last three months from a warm Buffet perspective what do you see you could do that today so what it does is really interesting it will look at everything every transaction trade Warren Buffett has done it will go back and'll read every it has already read every single book every single article every single blog post Warren Buffett have written it will then simulate Warren Buffett's methodology his attitude his perspective it will take all of that and then look with the S&P 500 for the last since January 1st and we'll analyze it and then it will give you a conclusion we could do that today and that takes it about 15 seconds and the thing is I just gave him that example that's Warren Buffett you can say I want to do Warren Buffett and then what is his partner Charlie somebody mowler he passed away recently Monger thank you very much he's an investor uh and you could say you could have a multitude a multitude of people and you could get all of their perspectives now and when you get that conclusion you're not done interesting now I want you to blah blah blah and you could go back forth back and forth I call it iterations of innovation what I'm talking about now a lot of you are going what is this guy talking about is this possible what's the most amazing point is not only is possible is that when you get that conclusion you can ask a question because remember we human beings we always go hm but what if and a few seconds later you have the next question iterations of innovation the level of innovation we're going to be at or we are at this is not future you got a mobile phone you have it with you where we're at now we've never been here before this is beyond exciting it is and when it comes to healthcare yes we you know right now there's so many famous stories of AI having found protein combinations that we never seen before and pharmaceutical companies are going to make billions because you know they have new products coming to Market when I was with IBM several years ago uh we had a solution where we guaranteed a pharmaceutical company we could take that usually we took them 10 years from when they started researching or something when they brought up a drug to Market we said we could take you from 10 years to two by the time we actually did our second project we had it 10 years to two months and and that was a project from four years ago I guess today we could do it in probably a week it it's just accelerating and accelerating and accelerating accelerating there something I've always wondered is you know I remember reading about the first you know usages of AI probably 10 years ago in healthc care and yet today we see a lot of you know AI startups AI companies AI products are starting to come through I mean I think the FDA is going to see a thousand applications this year for AI enabled you know medical devices but today even in 2024 we don't touch AI that much lawyers in our daily work as lawers as doctors and surgeons you think it's regulatory process it's damn lawyers you're so by that do you mean the regulatory process or do you mean practice or what do you what do you specifically mean is that uh the regulatory process that been put in place by lawyers to protect individual individual rights to protect the clinician to protect protect has done gone way too far and that it is handcuffed Innovation yes last night I spoke about it I'll speak again tonight and that is in Western Europe Western European countries as well as North America way over regulated you have gdpr people's privacy wres data that is created in a nation state cannot leave the nation state so if if data is ai's uh food and that means your AI is only good as the data you have and because of Regulation you can only use the data that your country generates then which country has the biggest population shouldn't they have the best AI yes right you guys that's the way it works well in Asia China has no regulations whatsoever but all of Asia has no regulations and China has a agreement with India and they have an agreement with Pakistan those three countries each have 1.2 1.4 billion and the other's a million I think a billion they're able to take three billion people worth the data as a person's crossing the street the AI is watching them as a person matter of fact I didn't talk about this last night but on uh lamp posts in uh in certain cities in Asia they actually have uh microphones and they say they use that to triangulate when somebody shoots they can triangulate where the bully comes from but what we actually found out was there Al using it when it's um quiet enough or even when it's noisy they can filt out traffic they're listening to you breathe they're creating data files on your breath they're able to distinguish who you are based on how you breathe when you cross the street they can go oh we know that Temple of breathing that person is this in the database that AI That's being built in countries without regulations has infinite amount of food it has infinite amount of data it is that AI is going to be so much smarter than I live in Norway I've been living in Norway now for 28 years I still can't ski but let's not get into that but Norway is a population of 5 million people how smart is REI going to be we're too small but regulation has said you're not allowed to leave that the the individual data must stay in Norway did keep everything in Norway so yes regulation has an it is it in the world of tech and is specifically AI it is killing it and is the war there is a war going on right now there's an absolute War AI war going on now and countries like the United States all of the European Western European countries are all losing and We Know It And but we but again I'm not crazy it's for us we're going this is unfair the Asian countries don't have this we have too many damn lawyers that are so proud to legalize and regul everything so from and but it's good right for society to protect your privacy I'm not stupid but at the same time from the tech side the best AI being created today even though all the hype comes with chat gbt and all that the stuff being made by Alibaba 10 cent in other companies in Asia is phenomenal but do you think that you know okay China has the most people and but to some extent you can't you can't generalize predictive models outside of certain ethnicities and geographies I mean not what the predictive models that might apply in China for example for purchasing decisions or even for Val values that are driving certain Health Care decisions might be different from the values in more Med heterogeneous societies like the United States or Europe like um do you think you can really generalize all those models out of China and therefore you can call it the best AI or is it the best AI for China and other countries even smaller countries that have 5 million people like Norway for example I mean we know from our own work that it's not just the numbers it's the depth and complexity of the data that can create better even predictive models than just models that are based on a billion people for example some of the models that are coming out of Europe from other countries can still be utilized against the data that's in China as well so it is applicable um understand this uh in healthcare you know I don't I'm not sure how your culture is whether or not do all surgeons share all their secrets I'm not sure right Jeff doesn't share his but most of us try to publish our our our secrets and share them you know amongst our peers so in your world you share by publishing in our world we have lunch with each other so an an an secret that's known in the AI world so the Google the Facebooks the 10 cents the alab and all that when there are conferences enough we all are having lunch with each other and we share everything yeah because in our world we're one family yeah we're doing this together well that okay let me we have we have two minutes left and there's there two really important points I I want to bring up sure to to you as an AI expert so how when we get a predictive model as surgeons or even as a people as humans yeah how do we know that predictive model is accurate what sort of what sort of processes should be in place so we can trust that that model yeah great question okay so I would tell you this is my own personal belief system is that I would I have to be very careful the model that's been trained by the clinician or clinicians plural is the model that should be trusted your the healthcare world and has not spent the time that the part parnership with the Googs of the world if we keep it to American companies there is I have not heard of a a deep enough IBM partner with the memorial salon cering for IBM Watson that was a very good uh partnership until it fell apart um but that when that begins to happen and like was said before who do we partner with when the doctors when you start spending time when you start training you put on the headset when you have the next time you have C I mean a point Sorry to let me rude the next time any have surgery you should have you should have partnered with a IT company you should have uh haptic feedback gloves on so that as you are as you're squeezing something I'm recording that you should have cameras everywhere so I'm 3D I could create a 3D model and a uh to um a 3D model of your actions you should have sensors on the patient you should be monitoring the patient's uh brain waves is Alpha Beta right you should be Gathering everything and we start taking that amount of information and putting that in together the software then I believe the the the trust kicks in what I'm what we're seeing though is that because this marriage is not happening yet at a fast enough rate it is sort of happening the Googles of the world are going to do it anyway five years ago I or more maybe more than five years ago IBM announced this huge partnership that you mentioned where uh they're going to partner with Sloan kering they're going to solve cancer through AI yeah massive failure because cancer is a hundred or a thousand different diseases not one how can we avoid that in spine surgery so it wasn't a failure because cancer I was part of that so I I know the Inside Story um it was a failure of not managing the relationship between an IT company and a hospital there's two different entities with two different cultures they both were excited on day one but there wasn't somebody sitting in the middle who was able to manage that relationship and so it went that went like that that's actually what happen it wasn't that cancer was impossible cancer it's extremely difficult you guys know more better than I do um how do you manage it going back to the very first thing I said be open be playful train the software gather data every ultimate example how many of you guys think about when you talk to someone do you watch when they blink that's data that's relevant I was somebody was talking about Google Tesla before and they were saying how when the Tesla goes down the road is is G is gathering data from the car no it's not it's doing much more than that do you know every time if you're driving a Tesla and it hits a pothole when it hits that pothole it's not not just Gathering the GPS data of where the pothole is located but it's also Gathering the data of what is the humidity in the air It also says if this is a smart city and the City is alive because it's digitalized what's happening in that city was the light red or green what was the traffic condition what was were there cars behind it or in front of it it's Gathering everything what I want you all to do is be playful I want you to begin Gathering as much data as possible do not delete anything and I want you to start talking into your telephones it sounds really stupid use this start with simple little things I use it for everything just simple little things um how do I make spaghetti tonight I I know it sounds stupid it is so easy to use you're going to have so many epiphanies wait a minute I could do this I could do that I could ask her this question I could ask that my daughter's having trouble with her economics exam I told her uh Mina this is what I want you to do take the question you're having any trouble with the text put it into it and say explain it to me like I'm a I'm in fifth grade she called me back at half hour later said Papa thank you she goes it didn't insult my intelligence that's what I needed that's what I want you to do I want you to use it and say talk to me like a fifth grader I'm not insulting any you guys well but that's what I want you to do coming from California I'd say that they're sitting on a huge repository of pothole data and they're not yet doing anything about it so uh I think that that concludes our session thank you so much that was tremendously enlightening we really appreciate [Applause] it hey