Anatomy and Physiology: Cranial Nerves Lecture

Introduction

• Instructor: Professor Bob Long
• Course Topic: Anatomy of the brain focusing on the 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
• Reference Pages: 32-34 in the class textbook.
• Note: Videos intended for enrolled students and other viewers for educational purposes.

Overview of Cranial Nerves

• There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
• They are located on both the right and left halves of the brain.
• Only cranial nerve directly associated with the cerebrum: Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)

Detailed Description of Cranial Nerves

1. Olfactory Nerve (I)

   • Function: Handles sense of smell (olfaction).
   • Location: Sits in the cribriform plate.

2. Optic Nerve (II)

   • Function: Vision.
   • Location: Connects to the eyeballs, forming the optic chiasm.

3. Oculomotor Nerve (III)

   • Function: Controls eyeball movements and pupil size.

4. Trochlear Nerve (IV)

   • Function: Also involved in eyeball movement.
   • Location: Below the corpora quadrigemina.

5. Trigeminal Nerve (V)

   • Function: Has three branches for sensory and motor functions.

6. Abducens Nerve (VI)

   • Function: Abduction of the eye.

7. Facial Nerve (VII)

   • Function: Controls muscles of facial expression.

8. Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)

   • Function: Hearing and balance.
   • Also known as auditory or acoustic nerve.

9. Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

   • Function: Tongue and pharynx control.

10. Vagus Nerve (X)

    • Function: Controls heart rate and breathing.
    • Associated with the vagal reflex.

11. Accessory Nerve (XI)

    • Function: Controls some shoulder and neck muscles.

12. Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)

    • Function: Controls tongue movements.
    • Location: Passes through the hypoglossal canal.

Tips for Learning Cranial Nerves

• Use Roman numerals and names for tests.
• Memorization Aids:
  • "On old Olympus' towering tops, a Finn and German viewed some hops."
  • "Oh, once one takes the anatomy final, very good vacations are heavenly."

Conclusion

• Practice identifying nerves on models and diagrams.
• Reference video lectures for visual aids.
• Suggested to master the material by teaching it to others.

Additional Notes

• Lab models provide numbers for easier identification.
• The lecture includes practical tips for identifying the nerves in lab exams.