Fundamentals of Roblox Scripting

Introduction

• Purpose: Teach basics of Roblox scripting.
• Audience: Beginners or those new to scripting.

Printing

• Print function: Outputs text to the output window.
• Example: print("hello world")
• Data Types: Numbers, strings (text), Booleans (true/false), complex data types (instances, udim, Vector3 Values).

Properties

• Definition: Attributes of objects (parts, GUI) that can change (size, color, position, transparency).
• Accessing Properties: Use the properties window.
• Hierarchy within the game:
  • Game: Parent of everything.
  • Services: E.g., workspace, lighting, which are children of the game.
  • Objects: Found within services.
• Referencing: Locate an object within the game to change its property.
  • Example:

    game.workspace["part"].transparency = 0.75
    game.workspace["part"].anchored = false
    

Variables

• Definition: Names that hold a value of any data type.
• Declaration:
  • Syntax: local variableName = value
  • Example: local name = "scrips"
• Usage of Variables: Replace repetitive code.

Functions

• Definition: Blocks of code that execute when called.
• Defining a Function:
  • Syntax:

    local function functionName()
    -- code block
    end
    

  • Example: Adding numbers:

    local function addNumbers(num1, num2)
      local result = num1 + num2
      print(result)
    end
    

• Calling a Function: functionName()
• Parameters: Placeholders within functions receiving values when called.
• Returning Values: Use return to send values back to where the function was called.

Conditional Statements

• If Statements: Execute code if specific conditions are true.
  • Syntax:

    if condition then
      -- code block
    end
    

• Else Statements: Execute code if the if condition is false.
• Elseif Statements: Additional conditions checked after the initial if fails.

Tables

• Definition: Data type for storing multiple values of any type.
• Arrays: Tables with ordered lists of values, indexed numerically.
  • Example:

    local arr = {"scrips", "is", "cool"}
    print(arr[1])  -- Outputs: scrips
    

• Common Functions:
  • table.find: Finds an index of a value.
  • table.remove: Removes an element by index.
  • table.insert: Adds a new element to the table.
• Dictionaries: Tables with key-value pairs instead of numerical indexes.
  • Example:

    local dict = {name = "scrips", favoriteColor = "green"}
    print(dict.name)  -- Outputs: scrips
    

Built-in Functions

• Roblox-Specific Functions: Pre-written functions provided by Roblox Studio.
• Examples:
  • task.wait: Pauses script execution for a specified time.
  • findFirstChild: Finds the first child object with a specified name.
  • getChildren: Returns a table of all children objects within an instance.

Loops

• While Loops: Repeats code block while a condition is true.
  • Syntax:

    while true do
      -- code block
      task.wait(1)
    end
    

• Repeat-Until Loops: Repeats code until a condition is met.
  • Syntax:

    repeat
      -- code block
    until condition
    

• For Loops: Counts through numbers or iterates through tables.
  • Syntax:

    for i = 0, 10, 1 do
      -- code block
    end
    

  • Iterating Through Tables:

    for index, value in ipairs(myTable) do
      print(index, value)
    end
    

Events

• Definition: Listeners waiting for specific actions (e.g., touching a part).
• Connecting Functions to Events:
  • Example:

    local part = game.workspace.Part
    part.Touched:Connect(function()
      part.Transparency = 0.5
    end)
    

  • Player Added Event:

    game.Players.PlayerAdded:Connect(function(player)
      print(player.Name)
    end)
    

Conclusion

• Recap of key topics: Printing, properties, variables, functions, if statements, tables, built-in functions, loops, events.
• Encourage viewers to comment with tutorial requests.
• Thank viewers for watching.