Overview
This lesson introduces the concept of "doing philosophy," including its meaning, process, and importance in critical thinking and understanding reality.
What is Philosophy?
- Philosophy is the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, and reality.
- The word "philosophy" comes from Greek roots: "philo" (love) and "sophia" (wisdom), meaning "love of wisdom."
- Philosophers seek to understand the world through reasoned arguments and logical analysis.
Doing Philosophy: The Process
- Doing philosophy means actively questioning assumptions and seeking rational explanations for beliefs.
- It involves analyzing concepts, identifying underlying principles, and clarifying meanings.
- Philosophizing is both a systematic and reflective activity, requiring open-mindedness and intellectual honesty.
Importance of Philosophy
- Philosophy develops critical thinking and helps us examine the validity of our own beliefs.
- It provides frameworks for making ethical choices and understanding complex issues.
- Engaging in philosophy encourages the search for meaning and the cultivation of wisdom.
Methods of Philosophical Inquiry
- Philosophers employ questioning, dialectic (discussion), reflection, and logical analysis as key methods.
- Argumentation is central: giving reasons for or against a position.
- Philosophical inquiry values clarity, coherence, and consistency in thought.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Philosophy — the rational investigation of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, and values.
- Critical thinking — careful analysis and evaluation of ideas for validity and soundness.
- Assumptions — beliefs or statements taken for granted without proof.
- Argument — a set of reasons or evidence in support of a conclusion.
- Dialectic — conversation or debate aimed at discovering the truth.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Reflect on your own beliefs and identify areas where philosophical questioning could be applied.
- Read the next assigned text on philosophical methods.
- Come prepared to discuss examples of philosophical questions in class.