Islands is like Chutkiyo me ho jaega, Coastal Plains is like Chutkiyo me ho jaega, Indian Desert is like Chutkiyo me ho jaega. Hello kids, welcome to Science and Fun 9th and 11th YouTube Channel where we teachers teach you from heart and mind. So today for class 9th students, whatever chapter you won in the polling, from electoral politics and physical features, that was physical features of India. So I am here on your command to teach you the whole chapter in just one shot. Yes, I will complete this chapter in one shot.
That is, with all the important questions and answers. You will get it in these slides. And you will get this PPT for Science and Fun on the app. For free.
Download it easily and watch all the things. Before starting this chapter, I would like to talk to you about something that is difficult for you. Not only this, but geography is also difficult for class 9th students.
Because your geography is learning. For example, my name is Reema Ghai, I teach you SST. I told you this. So you had to learn this because it's a fact.
I am your educator. Reema Ghai and I will teach you SST on Science and Fun. You have to learn this thing because we learn facts, there is no reason for it.
Similarly, in Physical Features of India, we will talk about our nature, which has some facts, that is, what is the height of the mountains, what are the types of soil, what are the features in them, what are the characteristics, from which area they are bound, which area they bound. You have to memorize all these things. You have to learn. And I also request my offline kids. One simple request.
Which I will also do with you guys. That now you can easily listen to this chapter. By putting earphones. At 1.5x speed. Listen.
Listen. But. But.
But. This chapter does not happen by listening. Until you take a pen in your hand. And along with it you will not sit with a copy.
And. you will not make points of each and every physiographic division not from my slides but from NCRT you have to read the paragraph and form its point if you do this, half of your problem will be solved this is my opinion, I beg you because this chapter is not possible like this I too did this chapter at my time so I will suggest you also do this Even if this chapter is in drainage, I have put its one shot on this channel. Even in the one shot of drainage, I had told you that if you want to do all the rivers, you have to write with your own hands.
I will tell you the same here too. Still, I will try to explain this chapter to you in complete depth from my side. But the width, height, area here, you will have to learn all this.
On your demand, I am doing this chapter. Otherwise, in this chapter, learning and self-study is more important. Okay, this was my advice for you. I hope you will believe it and do it. Let's start this chapter.
So, earlier this chapter started with tectonic plates. But now it has been removed from your syllabus. It has been bye-bye. But still, let me tell you. That our India or our world.
You see Australia, you see USA. You see a country like this, it wasn't like this. It was made like this later. There was a very big super continent earlier whose name was Gondwana Land.
In that Gondwana Land, I am telling you this 200 years ago, there were some breakages in that Gondwana Land because of nature. And that piece went here, someone went there, someone went here, someone went there, and then your different countries were made. Different places.
Like during the Britishers, there were 500 provinces in our country. But later, the kings of our country divided them into groups according to their culture. And now they have become states and Union territories. So all this happened slowly, with time.
So it happened the same way here. There is a very old gondwana, a Eurasian plate. There were breakages in these plates. They split into different pieces and our earth was formed.
225 million years ago the earth contained a single landmass called Pangea and in this Pangea that landmass was divided into Laurasia and Gondwana about 200 million years ago as the figures given here show the landmasses further broke into different parts and these all became India, Australia, South America, South Africa etc etc they have become today after those breakages Now let's talk about formation of India The Indian peninsula Do you know that in all our physiographic divisions Peninsula is the oldest It is older than Himalaya Now ma'am what is a plateau? A plateau is a table land It is a little elevated It is a little high But it is a flat land From above Flat land is like a book. If I show you a book here, then this book has a height. And because of this height, there is a flat land above.
So what happened here? It became like a plateau. It became a table land.
Okay, kids? Let's go. So as a result of the collision, the sedimentary rocks which were accumulated, this whole story is told to you. which is now gone but it is said that all the drifts all the pieces because of that the city the country you see today is because of this now listen to me son one is Physiographic division means physical division physical division is that it is fat it is thin it is black it is white is physical division The divisions inside, how is your anger?
You are happy, your nature is shown. But physically, how are you? They show physical features.
So we are here in India talking about physical features. What happened to my neck? Hello, hello. We are talking about physical features. And physical features are the major 6 in our country.
You won't believe my niece, Ushank sir's daughter. She is in 4th class and she is studying all these divisions very well, like very well almost everything is in it So 6 major physiographic divisions which we are going to study in this chapter First is Himalayan Mountains, then comes Northern Plains Then comes Peninsular Plateau, Indian Desert, Coastal Plains and the Islands These three are very small These three are slightly bigger, the biggest is Himalayas and then Northern Plains I am telling you the lengthwise of the chapters I am not telling you the best but the best Okay? If you want to understand, put it in the doubt session or in the comments I have one more request from you If I tell you the time now, it is 11.45 at night That I am recording this lecture because I saw your poll And I thought that no, this chapter is actually needed for the children So I just want you to like this session Our hard work is the only thing that we motivate like this session comment on live stream because this is recorded session not live but comment on comment section because the more you comment the more this video will be recommended and people will watch it so I wish I hope you should write a comment OP whatever science and fun OP, Ashu sir OP Reema mam OP whatever you think if this lecture helps you a little bit then you should do a comment a favour for me Comment, like and share the video with your friends.
So let's start with the Himalayan mountains. Nobody likes to go to the mountains. My place is in the mountains.
My throat is very bad now. I don't know why. But we are going to talk about the Himalayan mountains. So the Himalayans are the youngest mountain. Youngest mountain.
Jawan in the sense for you it's old but in the language of geography it's not so old In the language of geography 100-200 years is long like normal but these are folded mountains The Himalayas run along the northern border i.e. they move upwards in the northern border and form an arc of 2400 km long This is their arc Now if you see their width, their width is 400 Km But if you see here, their width is 150 Km Because they are getting thinner as they come down Right? They are getting thinner, their width is getting smaller So what comes here is three ranges are there, longitudinal. Ma'am, longitudinal is long lines. So, son, this is longitudinal only. Isn't it?
I mean, this arc is lying. But we are dividing it longitudinally. This is longitudinal extent only. So, these are three parallel ranges.
I just put a picture on google so that you can understand it These are three parallel ranges In parallel ranges, at the top comes your greater Himalayas Then comes your lesser Himalayas And then comes your Shivaliks Outer Himalayas Shivaliks Okay Now let's talk about greater and inner Himalayas This is the northernmost range The one at the top And it is called Himadri Pyaar Singh There are a lot of Himadri one marker questions. A lot of them. You will get MC questions on the app. So this is the most continuous range.
It has the loftiest peaks. Loftiest means snow bounded. They are surrounded by snow.
Their average height is 6000 meters. 6000 meters. All the prominent Himalayan peaks come in this range. And they are asymmetrical in nature.
Dear son, In childhood, we used to say, make the scenery ma'am. We used to make it like this. Why? Shall we make birds? Shall we make a river?
I remember my childhood. Shall we make a tree with it? Shall we make a boat? We used to make it like this. Son, mountains are never like this.
We used to make them with scale. Never! Always mountains are asymmetrical in nature. Neither their peak is symmetrical nor their slanting heights. Never!
Never! So they are asymmetrical in nature. And because of lofty heights, this area is primarily snow-bound.
It keeps flowing. Water and streams keep coming out of it. You have read about it in Drainage.
Drainage chapter is already slick. I have put a one shot on this channel. You can go and check that too.
Yes. Next is the lesser Himalayas, the second range. It lies below the greater Himalayas.
Its altitude is 3700m to 4500m. Average width is 50km. Did you see these three ranges? Its width is 50 Km This range is mainly composed of compressed rocks Now let's talk about the outer Himalayas The outer most range of the Himalayas is called the Shivalik Its altitude is 900-1100 m You have to write this down No one should write that we have to note this down, it will waste a lot of time You can pause the video, download the slides and then write it down. For example, you pause the video and write down the points of Shivalik.
I won't stop, I'll just be on the side. Width is 10-50 km. This is the thinnest range. It contains sediments, rocks and valleys. I'll tell you what a valley means.
Suppose there are two ranges. And in the middle, there is a valley. a place.
It is called a valley. Okay? Now whenever a valley comes, you should know what is a valley.
Okay. Now we have talked about the longitudinal part of the Himalayas. North to south part. Now we will talk about the East to West part of the Himalayas.
West to East part. Okay? So if we divide the Himalayas from West to East, then because of the rivers, the Himalayas are divided.
I liked this picture. I typed it on Google and it came up. It's very well explained. For example, this first division is Punjab Himalayas.
For the kids of my Paid Batch, who take my live classes, I have put our e-book, that is, our booklet, and it already has all the notes with extra questions. If you want to purchase that too, you will get it from our app. It's a booklet. It's notes made by us. Punjab Himalayas.
This is found between Indus and Satluj rivers between Indus and Satluj rivers Then comes Kumau Himalayas This is found between Satluj and Kali rivers Then comes Nepal Himalayas This is Kali and Kosi Then comes Patle to Sikkim Himalayas Kosi and Tista Then comes Dihang, Assam Himalayas Tista to Dihang Here Dihang comes to George So these divisions are West to East Punjab Himalayas, Kumau Himalayas, Nepal Himalayas, Sikkim Himalayas, Assam Himalayas Okay, so Punjab Himalayas is between Indus and Satluj. Kumau Himalayas is between Satluj and Kali. Kali is between Tista and Tista is between Dihang.
I found this chart very beautiful. The chart tells us that Himalayas are divided into Western Himalayas and Eastern Himalayas. In Western Himalayas, Indus is between Kali.
In which Punjab Himalayas and Kumau Himalayas are divided. And in eastern Himalayas, Kali to Brahmaputra is there till the end That means Nepal, Sikkim and Assam Himalayas So what they did here From here, western Himalayas This portion is called western Himalayas And this portion is called eastern Himalayas Okay son Now we will move towards the last topic of this chapter. You will get very nice questions at the end of this lecture.
Now we will talk about Purvanchals. As you have just seen, it goes till the very end. See this.
See this. It is going towards the south from the mountains. How did this happen? This is Purvanchals.
It is called Eastern Hills. So the Brahmaputra marks the eastern border of the Himalayas. Behind the Dihang George, Himalayas bends sharply towards the side. And they make Purvanchal.
These hills are found in the north eastern states. And sandstones are found in it. For example, Mizohills. This is Mizohills.
This is Nagahills. This is Patkayhills. And these are Garohills, Khasi Hills, Jantia Hills. These are all Purvanchals. You will understand this very easily from the image.
This is not explained so well in your NCRT So please refer your NCRT and these slides together Okay? Come on my child So this was your Himalayas Now I will ask you 2-3 questions By putting a time stamp, do tell in the comment section That the first question is yours, which you are answering me That tell me the names of 3 ranges Tell me the names of the three ranges of the Himalayas, the longitudinal ranges. Tell me quickly, by putting a timestamp. I want everyone's answer, I give my heart. Where?
Like, will you do it ma'am? Next question is, you tell me which rivers does the Punjab Himalayas lie in between? These are the two questions, okay?
By putting a timestamp. Let's move on to our second physiographic division. And that is Northern Plains. What is Northern Plains?
Where we live. Where we find the most beautiful, most fertile, soil, alluvial. These are Northern Plains.
The Northern Plain of India is formed by three major rivers. The Indus, the Ganga, the Brahmaputra. We have already read this in drainage chapter.
And if you haven't done so, you will read it. In Himalayan rivers, there are three major rivers, Indus, Brahmaputra and Ganga. So, these three have been made.
Their tributary has been made. Our northern plain. This plain is composed of alluvial soil, which has been deposited over millions of years.
Total area is 7 lakh square kilometers of northern plains. Around 2400 kilometers is long. and 242, 320 km is wide. The northern plane is further divided into sections. Punjab plane, Ganga plane and the Brahmaputra plane.
See this. Punjab plane, Ganga plane and the Brahmaputra plane. You can see that the ranges are being found above it. Now, your northern planes are below it. physiographic, then you will have platyus right?
coastal islands will come so it goes like this, we are going to read the whole map so Punjab Plains Punjab Plains, I will ask you a question stay attentive okay the Punjab Plains from the western part of the northern plane This is formed by the Indus and its tributary like Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, B, Satluj. Major portion of this plain is in Pakistan. You know that 20% of the Indus river can be used by water.
Rest 80% is in Pakistan. Then comes Ganga Plains. This plane is between the Gagar and Tista rivers.
Here areas like Haryana, Delhi, UP, Bihar, part of Jharkhand, West Bengal lie in the Ganga Plain. You know that in Delhi, Yamuna is the biggest tributary of the Yamuna. Brahmaputra Plain, this plane forms the eastern part of the northern plain and lies in Assam. We just read about the region of Assam Himalayas.
Then based on the relief features, the northern plain can be divided into four regions. Now looking at these regions, there are four regions, very important. Bhabar, Tirai, Bhangar and Khadar. Bhangar and Khadar are the two types of alluvial soil, the most fertile one. Okay, let's read about all the four.
You can ask a question of five marks in the exam. What is bhabar? Bhabar is a narrow belt.
which is found below the Himalayan regions so after descending from the mountains the river forms a narrow belt with some pebbles which is about 8-16 km wide then it lies parallel to the Shivalik we had read about three ranges after those three ranges, the river flows in the northern plains then comes the Tirai Tirai is the southern part of this and the northern part of the river In this region, the streams that are flowing from the mountains, they reappear and that's why this area is wet, marshy, sticky, and muddy. Okay kids? Then comes Bhangarh and Khadar. Bhangarh and Khadar are the two types of alluvial soil.
Bhangarh is the old alluvial soil and Khadar is the new alluvial soil. Bhangar is found away from the river. Because it gets old when it gets back. Khadar is found near the river.
Bhangar has concrete stones. Khadar has fine particles. Bhangar is less fertile.
Khadar is more fertile. So, the proper differentiation comes in this exam. Everything is there in my lecture. Don't think ma'am has only made notes of chapters. Ma'am has also brought questions.
She has also brought a lot of differences. I have also brought the maps in between. Full package. The Peninsula Plateau.
So this was all about the Northern Plains. It's small and lovely. Now you will give me the answers to its questions. Are you guys ready?
Look, the Himalayan took the most of our time. Now our chapter will be done very quickly. Look how many Northern Plains we have done in 5-7 minutes.
Let's go. Now we will talk about our new topic that is the Peninsula Plateau What is the Peninsula Plateau? Peninsula Plateau or the Table Land Oh Ma'am I forgot to ask the question, let me ask now Ok tell me what is the width of the Bhabar? Ok we will talk about the Bhabar What was the width of the Bhabar?
Ok you will write the answer with the time stamp I expect my children Tell me the width of the bhabar And the second question is What are the names of the two types of alluvial soil? I just asked you, you just told me What are the names of the two types of alluvial soil? Let's go Third physiographic division is The peninsular plateau Son, the first thing is What does peninsular mean?
Surrounded by water from the three sides. So the V-shaped area in your map is called Peninsula Plateau Region. In which Central Highlands, Deccan Plateau, Chhota Nagpur Plateau are present.
Majorly Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau. Okay. This is the picture.
One number is Central Highlands. Second number is Deccan Plateau. Third is Chhota Nagpur. So the peninsula plateau is a table land and here you can find all these rocks and this is made from the drifting of Gondwana land.
There are many valleys here, I have explained the valleys, there are rounded hills here, for example, there is a car lying here, see from above if you are rounded, you can see my son is like this, it is rounded from above. So that kind of hills are found. This is a set up by Ashu sir for some experiment. Look at this.
The plateau can be broadly divided into two regions. It is divided into two major regions. One is the major regions, Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau.
Third is Choktanagpur Plateau, which is a small part of the island. Central Highlands lie towards the north of the Narmada River. It covers the Malwa Plateau.
Rivers in this region flow from the south-west to the north-east. South-West to North-East Are you saying it correctly? No, South-West to North-East You are saying it correctly, okay?
Yes, it is wider in the West and narrower in the East Bundelkhand, Bhagelkhand is an Eastward extension Eastward extension, yes The plateau extends to Chota Nagpur plateau. It is considered as the central part of the Highlands. In Deccan plateau, if we see it in the south of the Narmada river, then above the Narmada river, it is below the Narmada river.
So, from here, the Narmada river comes out. So above it, the central Highlands, below it, the Deccan plateau. In the middle, it becomes the Narmada river.
Okay kids, I am dividing this. It is triangular shape, there is a Satpura range here, the northern part is above it. Then Mahadev, Kaimur hills, Meikkal hills, which is its eastern part.
The slope of Deccan Plateau is west to east and it extends to the northern east side, covering Meghalaya etc. Garokhasi, Jayanthiya hills, are its prominent ranges, which we studied in Assam Himalayas. Remember, this is its eastward extension.
Then, western and eastern ghats. So, these ghats, I will tell you by marking them. These are ghats.
This region is ghats. It is a peninsular region. So, the average elevation, meaning height.
And Western Ghats is 900 to 1600 meters compared to Eastern Ghats 600 meters. So Eastern Ghats are less. The Eastern Ghats stretch from Mahanadi Valley to the Nilgiris.
And the Western Ghats cause oceanographic rains because the winds come from the western side which creates the rains from the ocean. So this was your Peninsular Flat-U. Now tell me one question from this thing. Oh, it's happening so fast. In half an hour, we covered three big things like Peninsula Plateau, Northern Plains, and Himalayan Mountains.
Now tell me the question. Which river divides Deccan Plateau and Central Highlands? Put the timestamp.
Don't forget. Which river is... Which...
Central Highland and Deccan Plateau is divided. Write the answer. The 9th grade kids are very young. So much has come for them.
It's the next day, 12.05 am. Okay, let's move forward. Let's talk about Indian desert, kids. Indian desert.
The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravali hills. So this is the Indian desert. These are your eastern ghats and these are your western ghats.
Eastern and western means... This region gets scanty rainfall. Scanty means... low rainfall which is less than 150 millimeters in a year. Due to which the climate here is dry and vegetation is also less.
Luni is the only river here but it is also seen only in rainy season. Sand dunes are found here. Sand dunes means the mud hills are found.
Mud hills are found which are also called barchans. So this was your Indian desert. I told you that the three things I said will be very easy.
Right? The three things I said are very easy. Islands will be in small pieces. Coastal Plains will be in small pieces.
Indian Desert will be in small pieces. Chota sa, chota chota. Ab hum baat karte hain the coastal plains ki. Peninsular plateau jo hai, wo coastal strips se ghera hai, jo humne abhi ghats padhi. Eastern Ghats, Western Ghats.
They run along Arabian Sea on the west and Bay of Bengal on the east. The western coast lie between Western Ghats and Arabian Sea, obviously. Abhi humne pada. If you have the Arabian Sea here and we read that this is the Western Ghats, then what happened to this whole thing?
It became a coastal region. This whole thing became a coastal region. This is the whole coastal region.
Same on this side. If we talk about this side too, then here is the Bay of Bengal. Two major drainage areas.
Son, do the drainage of one shot. You have done it very well. These are your eastern ghats. And here is your...
Coastal region. Okay? So, beta G, it is divided into three sections. The Konkan, which includes Mumbai and Goa.
There is one marker question, beta G. Konkan, Mumbai and Goa. It is in the northern part, that is, this side.
Kannada Plain is in the central part, that is, this side. And in the eastern parts, Malabar Coast. The western coastal plain is wider. It is wide and it runs along the Bay of Bengal. It is divided into, here it is written western, it will come eastern.
It will come eastern, it has been written by mistake. Towards the Bay of Bengal. It is divided into two parts.
Northern part is called Northern Sirsar. The upper part is Northern Sirsar. Southern part is called Coromandel Coast.
Extensive deltas. formed by the large rivers like Mahanadi, Godavari, Kaveri we have read all of them Mahanadi, Kaveri, all of them come and drain in the Bay of Bengal Brahmaputra also Indus also very few go to Arabian Sea along with this our coastal plains also end now we have the last physiographic division left this chapter is very fast The Islands so Lakshadweep This is the Arabian Sea, and this is Andaman and Nicobar. Andaman is in the north and Nicobar is in the south.
So its area is 32 square kilometres. The administrative headquarters of Lakshadweep is in Kawarati. One marker question again.
This group of islands is very biodiversified. Biodiversity means flora and fauna is found. Andaman and Nicobar islands are bigger in size and they have many islands. Then this group of islands can be divided into two groups. Andaman in the north and Nicobar in the south.
Andaman up and Nicobar down. With this, our, our, our, officially if we see notes wise, the chapter is over but you guys are not going anywhere. First we will do NCRT questions of physical features. Before that you give me the answers of 2-3 questions. Where is Lakshadip's headquarter?
Answer it quickly. Till then I will take out the PDF of NCRT. Yes, PDF is here.
Hmm, got it. Okay? Now you will answer along with me. Open the NCID, I have opened it, you guys also open it.
First question is choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below. A landmass bounded by sea on the three sides is referred to. Command- Come on answer me, I want your answer in the comments.
First you tell me the answer, then I will tell you the answer. Tell me a landmass which is surrounded by water from three sides. That is coast, island, peninsula or none of the above. So the correct answer is Peninsula.
Second is mountain range in the eastern part of India forming its boundary with Myanmar are collectively called What is with Myanmar? Himachal, Uttarakhand, Purvanchal or none of the above. Keep answering quickly. The western coastal strip which goes towards Goa, which one is it? Koromandal, Konkan, Kannad, Naradhan, Sirsar.
Fourth, highest peak in eastern Ghats is Do you know? Anai Mudhi, Mahendra Giri, Kanchanjunga or Khasi? So these are the answers of the questions. First was Peninsula, then it was Puranchal, then it was Kannad, then it was Mahendra Giri.
And if we talk about the second question, In the second question, I am asking what is Bhabar? So you have to write the definition of Bhabar here. That Bhabar is the Southern belt.
of Shivalik and it is 8 to 16 kilometers of width. Name three major divisions of Himalayas. I had given you this. And you have to tell this north to south.
That means what you have in north to south. Greater Himalayas, Lesser Himalayas and Outer Himalayas. Himadri, Himachal and Shivalik.
Then you have, which plateau lies between Aravali and Vindhyan range. So you have Malwa plateau. Then you have, name the island group having in Coral origin. Corals means vegetation below the river. Below the sea.
So it's Lakshudhi. Okay? Then distinguish between Abhi Aage Karaari Hoon.
Ye sab Aapko Aage Karaari Hoon. Short note. Abhi Aage Karaari Hoon. Ye sab Aapko Aabhi Karaari Hoon. Isme extra questions me sab cover ho jayega.
Theek hai bachcho? Itna clear hai Aapko with NCRTA chapter 1 to ye bata do. Agar koi doubt hai to Abhi likh do comments me.
Abhi. The chapter is not that big, you don't have to go in that much. There is no need to go in that much.
Okay, this is now deleted. This is deleted in the extra questions. Who made the peninsular plateau? It is made of igneous and metamorphic rock. What are the longitudinal divisions?
There is Himadri, Himachal, and Shivalik. How are the Himalayas divided regionally on the basis of the valleys? Punjab Himalayas, Kimau Himalayas, Nepal Himalayas, Assam Himalayas What are the distributaries?
All the streams that come out of the main river are called distributaries Then you have to tell me the bifurcations of the northern plains Punjab Ganga Plain, Brahmaputra Plain, Punjab Plain, Ganga Plain, Brahmaputra Plain. What are the relief features of the northern plains? So which were the four?
Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar and Khadar. These were the parts of the soil. Which landform feature was a part of Gondwana?
So which one was made from Gondwana? Peninsular Plateau. I am telling you one marker question.
Which Plateau lies? In the Arawalis and Vindhyan range. It had just come. Malwa Plateau. Where is the Arawali Hills located?
So in the desert region, Arawali Hills lies in the western part, in the north-western part of the Peninsular Plateau of Rajasthan. Landmass, which is made from Gondwana, India, Australia, Southern Africa, South America. What is a DOB? What is a DOB? DOB means two and AB means water.
AB means water. So, two water means the land between two rivers. If two river streams are flowing, the land area between them is DOB. What are riverine islands? So, there is a gentle slope below the river to reduce the velocity.
This decreases the flow of the river. This is called Riverine Island. Which island of Lakshadweep has got a bird century? Pitli Island. Do you know this?
Pitli Island. I have brought everything for you. This is deleted.
Because this is deleted. How was the Himalayas formed? This question comes in the exam many times and it is important. See what happened.
The Himalayas were basically made because of plate tectonics. That means tectonic plates are the plates that are responsible for earthquakes and divisions of landmass. Tectonic plates are three types of plates that are found below the earth. So some 70 billion years ago Indian plate was made.
started working. towards the Eurasian plate and the Tithi Sea. Between the two began to contract due to this movement due to which a lateral compression occurred and the soil bulged out like this and they started forming the Himalayan mountains by collecting the sediments. If we talk about the shape and size of the Himalayas, they make an arc and lie west to east side.
Their width is 400 km in Kashmir and 150 km in Arunachal Pradesh side. Their average height varies from 6000 to 900 m. Himalayas are the young foal mountains.
Justify this. I am asking you all the questions from the first section. Himalayas were formed due to convergence of young foal mountains.
This is the answer to all the questions. After this, if we talk about the characteristics of Himachal, you will tell about Himachal and Shivarlik. If you didn't understand how to make points, then this is your answer.
You can make points like this. You have to take this PPT, you have to take points from it, you have to make notes from it. Then only this chapter will come.
You can't blame me for this chapter. I didn't understand it in my own language. No, this chapter is like that. Until you sit in a closed room and read, you won't be able to read.
So, all these parts are done. Then, how did the Northern Plains become? After the formation of the Himalayas, the foothills of the Himalayas gradually increased.
And these are the form of the Himalayas. Sorry, the Northern Plains. And these are the mixture of three rivers. Ganga, Brahmaputra and Indus.
Now if we talk about why the Northern Plains has a large population, this is an important question. Because the first thing is that this soil is very fertile, it consists of alluvial soil. This can be used for farming and farming gives livelihood to people. So that's why a lot of people live here.
Secondly, the climate here is very adequate, the soil is fertile and there is a river supply here. Because there are tributaries and main rivers. which irrigation facilities provide. This is the difference between Bhagar and Khaadar.
This is new, this is old, this is more fertile because of new, this is a little less fertile. It has fine particles, it has coarse particles. Its color is light and new Its color is dark It is found near It is found far These are important Next comes Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats I have told you all these are the same Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats One of them is 600 to 900 After this comes the difference between Western Coastal Plains and Eastern Coastal Plains Every difference is given. I just asked you about the difference between Bhangarh and Khadar in NCRT and Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
So, look at this. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats, Bhangarh and Khadar. I gave you the answer.
This is the answer of NCRT. And this too. This is the difference between Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep Island.
This is the Bay of Bengal. It is of Arabian Sea. It is made due to the volcano.
And this is made due to corals. This is the chain of islands and this is the only island with a cluster of 32 km. These island groups are a little far from the mainland but this island group is near the mainland. Its unit is Port Blair and its cover is of Lakshadweep. Then comes the features of Indian desert.
Now how can you make points of Indian desert? See. There is very less rainfall here, there is very less vegetation, there are sand dunes, there is a loony clothy river, which is also seasonal in nature.
How can you say that diverse physical features in India makes the country richer? So, if we get more minerals, resources in our country, then people will get good income. And because of good income, people will be able to expand and elaborate more. That's why we can say that...
All the different physical features play a very important role in our life and in India. So this was your complete chapter of Physical features of India. I have tried to cover each and every part of this chapter. We have done the Himalayan part, Northern Plains, the islands, the coastal plains, the plateaus, the ghats, like everything we have done, the Indian desert, with its important question answer.
I will tell you this with heart and with a true heart. These are the question answers. These are all the questions that I ask to write my offline important.
So you are getting these questions for free. If you can do these questions, then it is enough. I know every child is not equal and intelligent. But if you do these questions, PPT questions, then you can score this chapter well.
Good marks. And you have to do NCRT questions. You have to do it. I am very active on Instagram. Reema Ashughai is my ID.
You can send me a photo in my DMs, I will check there also. If there is any problem, I will tell you. Okay?
I hope you understood this chapter well. I am expecting some good comments below this chapter. That ma'am, what I told you in the beginning, like it, comment it and do tell me in the comments that which one shot do you want next because your exams are going to come in September.
I know, maybe your electoral politics is also going to come, I don't know. I will make you do the majority of the chapter next time So, let's meet in the next video with a valuable lecture Till then, Thank you, Bye-Bye, Good Night for me