Notes on Obligations by Attorney Marty Chris Baton Lasko

Introduction

• Attorney Marty Chris Baton Lasko presents a virtual classroom via YouTube.
• Purpose: Simplify legal concepts in under 10 minutes.

Definition of Obligation

• Defined in Civil Code, Article 1156:
  • "An obligation is a juridical necessity to give, to do, or not to do."

Essential Elements of an Obligation

1. Juridical or Legal Tie

   • The connection binding parties to an obligation.
   • Sources of obligations can include:
     • Law
     • Contracts
     • Quasi contracts
     • Delicts (crimes)
     • Quasi delicts

2. Active Subject

   • The party who can demand fulfillment of the obligation.

3. Passive Subject

   • The party who must perform the obligation.

4. Prestation

   • The action of giving, doing, or refraining from doing something that forms the obligation.

Example to Illustrate Elements

• Example: Alan promises to give Ben a parcel of land.
  • Juridical Tie: Alan's promise.
  • Active Subject: Ben (can demand fulfillment).
  • Passive Subject: Alan (must fulfill the promise).
  • Prestation: The act of giving the parcel of land.

Distinctions Between Key Terms

• Obligation: Juridical necessity to give, do, or not do.
• Subject Matter: The item involved in the controversy.
• Cause of Action: The act or omission violating another's legal rights.

Example to Illustrate Distinctions

• Scenario: Contract of sale between A and B for a car at 800,000 pesos.
  • Subject Matter: The car.
  • Cause of Action: A's failure to sell the car on agreed date (breach of contract).
  • Obligation: A's obligation to sell the car and B's obligation to buy it.

Conclusion

• Short discussion on the concept of obligations.
• Invitation to like, subscribe, and suggest topics for future discussions in comments.

• Thank you for watching, and see you next time in MBL Classroom!