Understanding Lymphedema

Introduction

• Presenter: Kelly, a physical therapist specializing in oncology rehab and lymphedema.
• Lymphedema affects thousands globally.

What is Lymphedema?

• Definition: A condition where fluid builds up, causing swelling in body tissues.
• Commonly Affected Areas: Arms, legs, head, and neck.

Causes and Mechanism

• The heart pumps blood through arteries and returns it via veins.
• Lymphatic Fluid: Protein fluid that stays separate and travels to lymph nodes.
• Lymph Node Function: Filters harmful substances and bacteria.
• Causes of Lymphedema:
  • Surgical Removal: Removal of lymph nodes (e.g., cancer treatment) can cause congestion and swelling.
  • Congenital Causes: Genetic absence or dysfunction of lymph nodes/vessels.

Types of Lymphedema

1. Primary Lymphedema:
   • Caused by congenital or genetic factors.
   • May appear at birth, later childhood, or adulthood.
2. Secondary Lymphedema:
   • Caused by damage due to surgery, radiation, infection, trauma.
   • Common post-cancer treatment or physical injury.

Symptoms

• Swelling in affected limb or body part.
• Feeling of heaviness or tightness.
• Reduced range of motion due to swelling.
• Skin changes (thickening/hardening).
• Increased risk of infections.

Management and Treatment

• Chronic Condition: No cure, but manageable.
• Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT): Gold standard treatment.
  • Phase 1: Reduction Phase
    • Decrease fluid and congestion.
    • Techniques include compression bandaging, manual lymphatic drainage, exercises, and skincare.
  • Phase 2: Maintenance Phase
    • Control swelling long-term.
    • Involves compression garments, bandaging, manual drainage, exercises, and skincare.
• Additional Options: Pneumatic compression pumps, kinesiology tape.
• Importance of Early Diagnosis: Prevents complications and improves quality of life.

Additional Resources

• Lower Body Lymphedema Program: Detailed program with visual demonstrations, handouts, and in-depth treatment options.
• Professional Guidance: Essential to work closely with healthcare professionals to develop personalized treatment plans.

Conclusion

• Importance of early diagnosis and consistent management.
• Encouragement to seek professional help and resources for effective management.
• Invitation to check additional resources and programs on Kelly's website.

• Note: Video available on Instagram and website for further resources.