Overview
This lecture explains the five main types of strength in physical education, their characteristics, and how they differ in terms of movement, force, and repetition.
Types of Strength
- Static Strength: Force applied without movement (e.g., holding a rugby scrum position or trying to lift an immovable bar).
- Maximal Strength: The greatest voluntary force in a single contraction, may involve movement (e.g., one-rep max in weightlifting).
- Strength Endurance: Ability to sustain or repeat muscle contractions over time (e.g., rowing for several minutes).
- Dynamic Strength: Force applied with movement, includes both strength endurance and max strength activities.
- Elastic/Explosive Strength: Fast, powerful contractions over a short period (e.g., sprint starts, jumping for rebounds).
Comparing Strength Types
- Rate of Contraction:
- Static and max have a lower rate.
- Endurance is higher due to repetition.
- Dynamic is movement-based.
- Elastic is the highest due to rapid contractions.
- Force of Contraction:
- Endurance produces the lowest force.
- Dynamic and elastic are moderate.
- Static is higher.
- Maximal is the greatest force.
- Number of Repeated Contractions:
- Max and static have the fewest repetitions.
- Elastic and dynamic are moderate.
- Endurance has the most repetitions.
Application to Activities
- The type of strength needed depends on the activity's requirement for contraction rate, force, and repetition.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Static Strength — Force applied by muscles with no movement (isometric).
- Maximal Strength — Maximum force produced in a single voluntary contraction.
- Strength Endurance — Ability to sustain/repeat contractions over time.
- Dynamic Strength — Force applied through movement.
- Elastic/Explosive Strength — Rapid and forceful contractions, closely related to power.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review examples for each strength type in your textbook.
- Complete the classification exercise discussed in the lecture: arrange the types of strength by force, rate, and number of contractions.