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Surgical Coding Overview

Sep 3, 2025

Overview

This lecture demonstrates start-to-finish examples of coding two surgical cases: a right inguinal hernia repair and a bilateral reduction mammoplasty. It covers diagnosis and procedure code selection using clinical documentation.

Right Inguinal Hernia Repair Coding

  • Pre- and post-operative diagnosis: direct right inguinal hernia.
  • Procedure: Marlix repair of right inguinal hernia using open technique, spinal anesthesia.
  • Preparation and closure steps are typically not separately coded.
  • Mesh placement (Marlix patch) is included in the hernia repair code for inguinal hernias (not separately billable).
  • Patient age (50 years) can affect code selection for hernia repairs.
  • Correct ICD-10-CM code: K40.90 (Unilateral inguinal hernia without obstruction or gangrene, not specified as recurrent).
  • Correct CPT code: 49505 (Initial inguinal hernia repair, age 5 years or older, reducible).

Bilateral Reduction Mammoplasty Coding

  • Pre- and post-operative diagnosis: bilateral macromastia (enlarged breasts); findings include breast ptosis, back pain, and shoulder pain.
  • Documentation must support "bilateral" procedure throughout the operative note.
  • Medical necessity is established with symptoms (back and shoulder pain), not just breast size.
  • Operative steps: markings, tissue excision, nipple transposition, symmetry check, tissue/skin removal, suction lipectomy (contouring), closure.
  • Suction lipectomy for contouring is typically included in the mammoplasty procedure, not separately billable.
  • Amount of tissue removed (grams) is documented for insurance purposes.
  • Correct ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes:
    • N62 (Hypertrophy of breast/macromastia)
    • M54.9 (Back pain, unspecified)
    • M25.519 (Shoulder pain, unspecified)
    • N64.81 (Ptosis of breast)
  • Correct CPT code: 19318-50 (Reduction mammoplasty, bilateral; modifier 50 indicates bilateral procedure).

Key Terms & Definitions

  • ICD-10-CM — International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (diagnosis code set).
  • CPT — Current Procedural Terminology (procedure code set).
  • Modifier 50 — Indicates a bilateral procedure.
  • Ptosis — Drooping or sagging of a body part, here referring to breasts.
  • Macromastia — Excessively large breasts.
  • Mesh — Synthetic material used for tissue reinforcement, often included in hernia repair coding.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Practice coding similar surgical cases using sample operative notes.
  • Review CPT and ICD-10-CM guidelines for hernia and breast procedures, including use of modifiers.
  • Ensure documentation supports all coded diagnoses and procedures.