Transcript for:
Key Facts About the United Nations

20 Facts About the United Nations You Should Know When asked about their desires, a lot of  people say “world peace”. Although we’ve   still got a long road ahead of us, the  United Nations brought us closer to it. Here are 20 facts about the United Nations,   including its history,  structure, and various missions. Don't forget to hit the SUBSCRIBE button and  RING THE BELL for more amazing facts videos. 1. What is the United Nations? The United Nations (UN) is the largest and  most powerful intergovernmental organization   that aims to maintain international peace and  security, develop friendly relations among   nations, achieve international cooperation, and be  a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. 2. United Nations Day United Nations Day is celebrated internationally  every year, on the October 24th. On this day,   some cities choose to light up bridges  and buildings with the trademark blue of   the United Nations. Celebrating United  Nations Day can also be done by getting   to know more about this great organization  and the differences it makes in your life. 3. When was the United Nations created? Its Charter was signed on 26th of June 1945 by the  representatives of 50 countries. Poland, which was   not represented at the Conference, signed it later  and became one of the original 51 Member States.   However, the United Nations didn’t officially come  into existence until the 24th of October 1945,   when the Charter had been ratified  by China, France, the Soviet Union,   the United Kingdom, the United States  and by a majority of other signatories.   Ergo, October 24th became its official day. 4. The Missions of the United Nations The main mission of the UN is to maintain  international peace and security. Since 1948,   the Organization has diligently  protected human rights through   legal instruments and on-the-ground activities.   Also, the United Nations is responsible for the  development and respect of the international law. 5. Who’s not part of the UN The United Nations has 193 member states,  each one having equal representation in the UN   General Assembly. The two countries  that are not members of the UN   are Vatican City and Palestine. Vatican City does  not get to cast a vote in the General Assembly,   mostly because the Pope prefers not to  directly affect international policy. However,   Vatican City has access to all facets of the  United Nations. Palestine is only a permanent   observer of the United Nations because of the  Israeli-Palestine conflict and its subsequent   fight for independence. The UN will not  allow Palestine to become a member until   its conflict with Israel is resolved peacefully,  preferably under a two-state resolution or pact. 6. Headquarters and main offices As it’s an international organization, the UN  completes most of its activities within certain   countries. The UN’s work is divided into five  geographical regions: 1) Africa, 2) Americas,   3) Asia and the Pacific, 4) Europe and  Central Asia, and 5) the Middle East.   The headquarters are in New York City, while  their main offices are located in Geneva   (Switzerland), Nairobi (Kenya), Vienna  (Austria), and the Hague (the Netherlands). 7. Official Languages The UN has six official languages.  These are: Arabic, Chinese, English,   French, Russian, and Spanish. A delegate  may speak in any official UN language while   speaking at any of their meetings. The speech  is interpreted simultaneously into the other   official languages. If the delegate chooses to  say something in a non-official language, they   must provide an interpretation or a written text  of the statement in one of the official languages. 8. The UN’s Awards Throughout the years, the United Nations won  a big number of awards. For example, in 1947,   the UN short film “First Steps” won the Academy  Award for Documentary Short Subject. Additionally,   the United Nations has won the Nobel Prize  several times for its accomplishments when   it comes to peacekeeping, climate change,  children, and refugees among others. 9. The UN budget for 2020 This year, the United Nations marked the first  time since 1973 to adopt an annual budget   instead of a two-year one. The UN General Assembly  adopted a budged of $3 billion. This sum provides   resources to implement its 17 goals, which also  include ending poverty and hunger, achieving   gender equality, and taking action in order to  combat the effects of climate change. As of the   15th of October 2020, 128 Member States have  paid their regular budget assessments in full. 10. Youngest UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador In November 2018, Emmy-nominated  actress Millie Bobby Brown   (14 year old at that time) became the  youngest-ever UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador.   UNICEF was founded one year after the  UN and is one of its main agencies. Its   mission is to provide humanitarian and  developmental aid to children worldwide. 11. Main Organs The UN has six principal organs: 1) the  General Assembly (representative organ); 2)   the Security Council (ensures international peace  and security); 3) the Economic and Social Council   (responsible for coordinating the economic  and social fields of the organization);   4) the Trusteeship Council (ensures that  trust territories are administered in the best   interests of their inhabitants); 5) the  International Court of Justice (settles   disputes between states in accordance with  international law); and 6) the UN Secretariat   (settles the agenda for the deliberative  and decision-making bodies of the UN). 12. The UN Charter The Charter of the United Nations establishes  the purposes, governing structure, and overall   framework of the UN system, including its six  principal organs. It was discussed, prepared,   and drafted during the 1945 San Francisco  Conference, which involved most of the world's   sovereign nations. The final text was unanimously  adopted by the delegates. The Charter consists of   a preamble and 111 articles grouped into  19 chapters. It comprises 8.778 words. 13. The United Nations Agencies Specialized agencies often cooperate with each  other and with various UN organs. However,   they have their own principles, goals, and rules.  The specialized agencies are autonomous as they   control their own budgets and have their own  boards of directors. The most important agencies   are: the International Labour Organization, the  Food and Agriculture Organization, UNESCO, UNICEF,   and the World Health Organization. Two of the most  powerful specialized agencies are the World Bank   and the International Monetary Fund. The United  Nations, along with its specialized agencies,   is often referred to collectively  as the United Nations system. 14. Flag and Emblem The original UN logo was created by a team of  designers led by Oliver Lincoln Lundquist and was   approved on the 7th of December 1946. The emblem's  design is a map of the world centered on the North   Pole and inscribed in a wreath consisting of olive  tree branches. The olive branches represent peace,   and the world map stands for all the people and  the countries. The flag consists of the emblem   in white, centered on a light blue background  (blue and white are official colours of the UN).   The size of the emblem on the UN's flag  is one half the width of the flag itself. 15. Permanent Members The UN Security Council consists of 15  members. Five of them (China, France,   the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom,  and the United States) are permanent.   The other 10 are elected for two-year  terms by the General Assembly. 16. The longest speech given at the United Nations According to Guinness World Records,   the longest statement made at the UN was given  by the Indian representative V.K. Krishna Menon.   His statement to the Security Council spanned over  three meetings on the 23rd and the 24th January   1957. According to the times listed on the meeting  records, the meetings lasted more than 8 hours. 17. United Nations Military Personnel The UN military personnel are the Blue  Helmets (also known as Blue Berets).   At the moment, they consist of over 70,000  military personnel contributed by national   armies from across the globe. The blue  beret and helmet worn by the personnel   were created during the formative days of  UNEF (the first UN peacekeeping operation). 18. The UN’s Predecessor The UN was established after World War II  with the aim of preventing future wars. It   succeeded the League of Nations, which lacked in  effectiveness an international conflict mediator. 19. The Organization’s Secretary-General António Guterres is the current secretary-general   of the UN. He began his five-year term on the  1st of January 2017. The secretary-general of   the United Nations is the head of the  Secretariat. His role is described as   combining the functions and responsibilities of  an advocate, diplomat, civil servant, and CEO. 20. What's in a name? The name "United Nations", created by the United  States President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was first   used in the Declaration by United Nations of 1st  January 1942. In this document, representatives of   26 nations pledged their governments to continue  fighting together against the Axis Powers. We owe so many great things to this  organization. Besides its fight for human rights,   the United Nations also gives society hope  for a better and more peaceful world. Its   huge impact and effectiveness is a reason to  keep updated with its efforts and policies.