[Music] what's up everybody this is techg back with another video to help you successfully pass the comp TOA Tech Plus certification exam so let's get into it in this video we will be talking about common types of input output device interfaces understanding these interfaces is crucial and they are essential for connecting configuring and troubleshooting Computing devices so we're going to break get down into four sections we talk about networking interfaces both wired and wireless networking devices and tools peripheral device interfaces and display ports and display Technologies all right first let's talk about networking interfaces which are crucial for connecting devices to a network either through a wired or wireless connection and we'll look at both categories starting with wired interfaces so let's talk about the ethernet connector RJ45 so one of the most common networking connectors is the RJ45 connector and RJ45 connectors are used with ethernet cables to connect devices like computers routers and switches to wire networks and the connectors are typically used with cat 5e cat 6 and Cat 6A cables which provide varying levels of data transfer speed from 100 megabits per second up to 10 gigabits per second and it is a standard and reliable method for achieving highp speed low latency connections over short to me medium distances another wired interface is the small form factor plugable or the SFP connector commonly found in fiber optic networking sfps are hot swappable interfaces that allow network devices like switches to connect to fiber optic or copper cables providing faster speeds and greater distances than traditional ethernet and Fiber Optic Cables use light to transmit data making them ideal for longdistance communications or environments where electromagnetic interference is an issue and SFP modules come in various types such as the SFP Plus for 10 gabit per second connections offering versatility and how you configure and connect your network infrastructure now let's look at the wireless networking interfaces which provide flexibility and Mobility compared to wired options and the first one is Bluetooth so this is a short range Wireless technology used for connecting devices like smart phones wireless keyboards mice and speakers it has a range of approximately 30 ft and is ideal for low power low bandwith connections and Bluetooth is widely used for peripherals and iot devices offering quick pairing and data exchange next we have what is called nearfield communication so NFC is another short range Wireless technology that operates at distances of a few cenm and it's used for applications like contactless payments access control and data transfer between devices by simply tapping them together NFC is secure and efficient making it great for scenarios where close proximity communication is required all right next we have what is called 802.11x also known as Wi-Fi so 802.11x this is a family of Wi-Fi standards that provides high-speed Wireless networking and the most common versions are 802.11n 802.11 AC and 802.11ax which is also known as Wi-Fi 6 and these versions support speeds ranging from a few hundred megabits per second to over 9 gigabits per second and have a varying range from indoors such as around 100 to 500 ft to Outdoors which can extend it up to 300 ft and Wi-Fi this is the most prevalent Wireless networking technology for home and Business use supporting a wide range of devices and high data transfer speeds all right so networking interfaces are just one part of the puzzle so let's discuss the networking devices and tools used to work with these connections so the first one we have is a crimper so a crimper is a tool used to attach connectors such as RJ45 plugs to the ends of network cables and proper crimping ensures a solid electrical connection between the cable and connector which is essential for Reliable data transfer then we have what is called a cable tester so cable tester is used to verify the integrity and continuity of network cables it helps identify issues like short circuits cable brakes or miswiring by using a cable tester you can quickly troubleshoot and ensure that cables are correctly terminated and functioning properly so these tools are important for setting up and maintaining network connections and ensuring that they work as intended all right now let's move on to the peripheral device interfaces so these interfac es connect external devices to computers allowing data transfer and additional functionalities and the first one we have is the USB which stands for Universal serial bus so USB this is a standard for connecting a wide variety of peripherals to a computer we have what is called usba this is the most recognizable rectangular USB connector and it is widely used for connecting devices like flash drives keyboards and mice you have the usbb and this is often found on printers and external hard drives and it has a more square shape and then we have the USBC and this is a newer standard that is reversible and supports faster data transfer speeds higher power delivery it can also be used for video output USBC is quickly becoming the go-to connector from Modern devices due to its versatility next we have what is called the Thunderbolt so Thunderbolt interfaces are high-speed connections that combine data transfer display output and power delivery through a single cable and Thunderbolt 3 and 4 they use the USBC connector supporting speeds up to 40 gbits per second and allowing users to connect multiple devices like displays external drives and docking stations next we have Bluetooth and radio frequency so as previously mentioned Bluetooth is also used as a peripheral interface for wireless devices like keyboards mice and headphones then we have radio frequency interfaces that are often used for wireless peripherals particularly older wireless keyboards and mice that use a USB dongle to communicate next we have the lightning connector so the lightning connector this is a proprietary standard used by Apple devices like iPhones and iPads and the lightning connector it provides data transfer charging and connectivity to other devices and peripherals so these interfaces they enable the connection and use of a wide range of external devices offering flexibility and expand in a computer's capabilities all right now let's discuss display ports and interfaces that are specifically designed for connecting video output devices like monitors projectors and TVs so the first one we have is the video graphics array or VGA and that is the blue connector on your screen right here so VGA this is an analog video connector that has been around for a long time and once again it is recognizable by its blue color and 15pin connector although it's becoming outdated VGA is still found on many older monitors and projectors and then we have what is called DVI or digital visual interface so DVI is a step up from VGA offering a digital video signal for higher quality and DVI comes in several types including DVID which produces a digital signal only dvia produces an analog signal only and DVI this is integrated for both analog and digital now DVI supports HD video but newer interfaces have largely replaced it all right next we have highdefinition multimedia interface or most commonly known as HDMI so HDMI is one of the most common video connectors found on Modern devices it supports high definition video and audio over a single cable and it is the standard for TVs monitors and gaming consoles HDMI versions range from 1.4 to 2.1 offering resolutions up to 4K and Beyond then we have display port and this is similar to HDMI but it is designed to be more versatile and it's commonly used in computer monitors it supports High resolutions High refresh rates and multiple monitor setups and display ports also support audio and USB data transfer making it a powerful connector for modern displays then we have USBC and this is becoming a standard connector for video output as well especially with Technologies like Thunderbolt and display port alternate mode and it provides high resolution video data transfer and power delivery all through a single cable so these display interfaces are crucial for connecting computers to monitors and other displays providing options for both digital and analog connections all right finally let's cover display technology methods specifically mirroring and casting mirroring is when the content of a device's screen like a laptop or smartphone is duplicated on an external display and this is common for presentations or scenarios where you might want multiple viewers to see the same content and connections for mirroring include HDMI cables display port or Wireless methods like apple AirPlay or Google cast and then we have what is called casting so casting differs from mirroring in that it allows you to stream content directly to an external device without duplicating the screen exactly so for example when you cast a video to a smart TV the video plays on the TV but you can continue using your phone for other tasks so casting is often done wirelessly using protocols like Google Cast mirrorcast or DLNA so mirroring and casting they provide flexibility in how content is shared and displayed supporting both wired and wireless scenarios all right and to summarize we've covered a variety of input output interfaces we've talked about networking interfaces like RJ45 SFP Bluetooth NFC and Wi-Fi we talked about networking tools like crimpers and cable testers we talked about peripheral connections including USB Thunderbolt Bluetooth RF and lightning we talked about display ports like VGA DVI HDMI display port and USBC and we talked about display Technologies for mirroring and casting content now each of these plays a vital role in how devices connect communicate and function making it important to understand them for the CompTIA Tech Plus exam and for practical applications in it all right now with all of that being said let's get into this check on learning so which of the following connectors is most likely used for wired ethernet networking would it be a USBC an HDMI an RJ45 or SFP and the correct answer would be RJ45 RJ stands for registered Jack but it'll be RJ45 and this is the standard connector used for wired ethernet networking it is commonly found in land environments for connecting computers and other devices to a network USBC and HDMI are used for data transfer and display connections respectively while SFP is used for connecting fiber optic networks all right next question which Wireless networking standard is commonly used for short range communication between devices such as connecting a wireless headset to a smartphone would it be NFC would it be 802.11x would it be Bluetooth or would it be SFP all right and the correct answer would be Bluetooth so Bluetooth this is a wireless standard used for short range communication typically within 10 m it is ideal for connecting peripherals like headsets mice and keyboards to other devices NFC or nearfield communication this is used for very short range data transfers and 802.11x this refers to Wi-Fi networking standards SFP this is related to fiber optic connection s and not wireless communication all right and finally which of the following is the best tool to test functionality of an ethernet cable to ensure it is wired correctly would it be a crimper a cable tester a multimeter or a Bluetooth scanner and the correct answer will be a cable tester so a cable tester is used to check the integrity and proper wiring of ethernet cables and identifies any issues like miswiring or Brakes in the cable a crimper is used for attaching connectors to a cable while a multimeter is a general purpose electrical tool and not specifically for networking cables and a Bluetooth scanner is unrelated to ethernet cables at all