Muco-Gingival Deformities and Conditions

Introduction

• Focus on muco-gingival deformities around the teeth.
• Importance of documenting any deformities or unique conditions in clinical records.

Periodontal Biotype

• Definition: Differences in bone and soft tissue types surrounding the teeth.
• Types of Biotypes:
  1. Thin Scalloped Biotype
     • More prone to inflammation and recession.
     • Triangular shaped tooth crowns.
  2. Thick Flat Biotype
     • Less prone to inflammation and recession.
     • Square shaped tooth crowns.
     • Fibrotic or thick gums.
  3. Thick Scalloped Biotype
     • More scalloped margins with thick fibrotic gums.
     • Slender or long tooth crowns.
     • Narrow zone of keratinized tissue.

Gingival Recession

• Definition: A type of muco-gingival deformity.
• Classification (Cairo’s):
  • RT1: Recession without interproximal attachment loss.
  • RT2: Recession with slight interproximal attachment loss.
  • RT3: Significant recession with major interproximal attachment loss.

Vestibular Depth

• Definition: Depth of the vestibule, checked under muco-gingival deformities.
• Indicators:
  • Lack of gingiva.
  • Decreased vestibular depth.
• Frenum Pull: Can cause gingival recession.

Gingival Excess

• Definition: Excessive gum tissue.
• Examples:
  • Gummy smile.
  • Gingival enlargement.

Abnormal Color

• Definition: Non-normal coloration of the gums not related to pigmentation.
• Causes:
  • Surgical alterations (e.g., endodontic surgery).
  • Amalgam tattoos.

Prosthetic and Tooth-Related Factors

• Definition: Issues related to implants, dentures, or dental bridges.
• Examples:
  • Enamel pearls causing plaque retention.
  • Exposed grooves susceptible to plaque and calculus.
  • Braces causing inflammation due to poor oral hygiene.
  • Tooth malalignment leading to plaque retention.

Conclusion

• Importance of recognizing and documenting muco-gingival deformities, conditions, and related factors in clinical practice.
• Emphasize the need for thorough examination and accurate recording for proper patient care.