Lecture Notes: Chemical Texture

Introduction

• Chemical Texture refers to the techniques and products used to alter the structure of the hair.
• This involves changing the hair's curl pattern and is a fundamental concept in cosmetology.

Key Techniques in Chemical Texture

1. Perming

   • A chemical process used to create curls and waves in straight hair.
   • Involves the use of a perm solution and neutralizer.

2. Relaxing

   • The process of chemically straightening curly hair.
   • Utilizes relaxers to break down the hair's natural structure.

3. Rebonding

   • A method to permanently straighten hair by breaking and rearranging the hair's bonds.

Chemical Agents Used

• Reducing Agents: Typically used in perm solutions to break the disulfide bonds in hair.
  • Commonly used agent: Ammonium thioglycolate.
• Neutralizers: Used to reform the disulfide bonds after the desired shape is achieved.
  • Typically contains hydrogen peroxide.

Hair Structure and Bonds

• Human hair is composed of proteins and has three main types of bonds:
  1. Hydrogen Bonds: Weak and can be broken by water or heat.
  2. Salt Bonds: Easily affected by pH changes.
  3. Disulfide Bonds: Strongest bonds, responsible for hair's shape.

Considerations in Chemical Texturing

• Hair Type and Condition: Chemical texturing affects different hair types differently.
• Previous Treatments: Previous chemical treatments can affect results and must be considered.
• Scalp and Hair Health: Analyze the condition of scalp and hair before any chemical treatment.

Safety and Precautions

• Conduct a patch test to check for allergies to chemicals.
• Follow manufacturers' instructions carefully.
• Use protective gear such as gloves and masks.

Conclusion

• Chemical texture services are popular in cosmetology for achieving desired hair styles.
• Proper technique and safety measures are essential for successful and safe outcomes.