good day students welcome back to my strong techie youtube channel we are now in the last lesson of quarter 4 grade 9 science good job class for making it here if you haven't watched our previous lessons check the links in the description box below week 8 lesson is all about electricity generation transmission and distribution check out our learning objective explain how electrical energy is generated transmitted and distributed if you want to know more about this lesson please keep on watching [Music] electrical energy is produced from various sources electricity is vital to mankind's especially in this modern age industries use it to make different products that are beneficial to men we also enjoy its benefits in our homes through our electrical appliances gadgets lights alarm systems and others electricity has been an integral part of our lives since the time it was discovered most of the comforts we enjoy nowadays employ the use of electricity as you watch this video lesson you use electricity do you ever imagine how electricity reaches you from where it came from to provide electrical energy it consists of three processes generation transmission and distribution how is electricity produced electricity must be generated from a source the power plant and there are different types of power plants depending on the source of energy that is used to generate electricity for example a geothermal power plant it uses heat from within the earth to produce electricity geothermal power plants require high temperature 300 degree fahrenheit to 700 degrees fahrenheit these resources are used by drilling wells into the earth and then piping steam or hot water to the surface the hot water or steam drives generator turbines that produces electricity when the steam cools down it condenses to water and is injected back into the ground to be used again as shown in your screen right now electricity may also be generated from other sources such as running water wind light heat from the sun nuclear reactions burning of fossil fuels and many more the philippines in its quest to sustain its rising economy has stopped several viable yet non-conventional energy resources now let us talk about generation and magnetism previously it was discussed that electricity can be generated through a variety of sources and resources supply the energy necessary to turn large turbines which are then connected to a device called generator this device converts mechanical energy to electrical energy but how is this possible it is made possible by the interaction between a changing magnetic field and a conductor inside the generator assembly a magnet at rest or a conductor at rest cannot produce electric current so current is induced by either moving the magnet or the conductor this phenomenon was discovered by michael faraday and is known as electromagnetic induction next is transmission and distribution how does electricity reach you after generating electricity in the power plant it then flows through large wires connected to a step-up transformer a step-up transformer raises the voltage as high as 756 kilovolt so it can travel long distances the electric current then travels through transmission power lines going to substations where it is lowered by a step down transformer to between 13 kilo volt to 2 kilo volt from substations the electricity is sent to a pole transformer or a transformer box where it is lowered again to between 240 volts and 120 volts it is from here where electricity comes into your home through a service box where your electric meter is located to measure how much you consume wires around your house take electricity to power your lights and appliances look at the photo that shows the generation transmission and distribution of electricity now let us talk about consumption how is it computed how much did you and your family paid for electric this month do you have any idea how electric companies charge your use of electricity it depends on how much electrical energy you used let us find out how one thing to be considered is how much electrical power was consumed aside from that the time of usage of electricity is also considered to get the total energy used you have to multiply the power consumption by the amount of time or duration of use here is our formula e is equal to p times t where e is the energy used that is in kilowatt hour p is for power which is in watts and d is for time which is in either seconds or hour the unit of measurement for energy used is kilowatt hour which is one kilowatt of power for a period of one hour now let us have a sample problem how much electrical energy is used by a 250 watt refrigerator for eight hours if the cost of electricity is 8.32 pesos per kilowatt hour how much will the use of the refrigerator cost now let us identify our given we have the power which is 250 watts and the time which is eight hours we are going to find for the energy and for the cost our formula for finding the energy is e is equal to p times the time before i proceed to calculating the energy let us have first the conversion let us convert 250 watts into kilowatts and we all know that one kilowatt is equal to 1000 watts therefore we can now convert 250 watts canceling the unit 250 times 1 is 250 250 divided by 1000 the quotient is 0.25 kilowatts therefore this is our power now let us calculate the energy let us substitute our given to our formula we have here our power which is 0.25 kilowatt and the time which is 8 hours multiplying these two quantities we have our product which is 2 kilowatt hour now that we have the energy let us calculate the cost to find the cost we have to multiply the cost per kilowatt hour times the energy used and the product will be 16.64 pesos and that is our final answer let us summarize our lesson today by having these key concepts powerplant is a facility where electricity is generated from energy sources generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy transmission lines are power cables that carries high voltage electricity over long distances distribution lines carries electricity at lower voltage and is used to distribute power to end consumers the basic equipment to provide consumer with electricity are the turbine the generator and the transformer the turbine is a rotating shaft with blades a generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy a transformer either increases or decreases the voltage and lastly there is always power loss as electricity is transmitted from power plants to consumers because of resistance of the wires and that's it for our lesson for the day again i hope you learned something new today please give this video a thumbs up and share it to your classmates do not forget to subscribe and turn on the post notification button to keep you updated for our future videos please also do subscribe to kcmctv youtube channel for some inspirational spoken poetry videos i will appreciate it comment down for a shout out shout out to valerie lin retersos precious hzj paulina jade kamba and melanie bigass and shout out to all the grade 9 students of balinasa high school thank you all so much for watching and supporting my videos and see you on my next one bye [Music] [Music] you