Linguistics: Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism

Introduction

• Topic: Differences between prescriptivism and descriptivism in language study.
• Importance: Fundamental concept taught in introductory linguistics.

Prescriptivism

• Definition: Belief in rights and wrongs in language use (speaking or writing).
• Examples:
  • Grammar rules like "don't split an infinitive," "don't start a sentence with a conjunction," or "don't end a sentence with a preposition."
  • Corrections in language classes for pronunciation or usage deemed incorrect by instructors.
• Context:
  • Common in educational systems where feedback focuses on correctness.
  • Reflects personal attitudes about language use.
  • Not the focus of linguistic study.

Descriptivism

• Definition: Describes how language is used without assigning rights or wrongs.
• Linguistic Approach:
  • Observe language use, like double negatives (e.g., "I ain't seen nothing").
  • Analyze contexts and speaker demographics for language use patterns.
• Core Beliefs:
  • Acknowledges all languages and dialects as valid and unique.
  • Promotes understanding that languages exist on a level playing field.

Importance in Linguistics

• Objective Study: Emphasizes the need to set aside personal biases in language.
• Classroom Application: Important to maintain objectivity in linguistic analysis.

Conclusion

• Summary: Why linguists adopt a descriptive rather than prescriptive approach.
• Closing Remarks: Encouragement to understand and appreciate the descriptive nature of linguistics for a more objective study.
• Final Thoughts: Reminder to remain safe and well.