hello everybody and welcome you all to the Kairal Academy. Welcome all of you to Kaal Academy On this amazing platform. We discuss I was talking about the foundation course. Ok? so foundation course basics of We were discussing organic chemistry. In this we have already discussed a lecture I have taken lecture one. same playlist You can go and check it out. in that We did the basic introduction. a lot Had not read much. Very basic We did the introduction. Ok? today's Whatever session will take place, what will we discuss in today's session? will you discuss? In today's session we will The basics are required, as we said that between 10 and 12 lectures I will tell you I will make the foundation absolutely strong. I will get the foundation completely ready that Because of which you can pursue organic chemistry You can read it. So that's what we're going to do. Today we will see if our foundation is strong If you want to do something then I told you that We need to read the effects. so in that We have already covered the primary effects We had discussed it. In primary effects We discussed electronegativity End size. Electronegativity and Size of We had discussed about it. just a Seconds. Just a second. We discussed the primary effect. Yes. A lot of you people have Discus saw him. your suggestions What we discussed in the first lecture well we just talked about electronegativities We discussed it but the size was not discussed Pericular ok great we just did electronegativities We discussed the size did not do. So the size factor which is today We will discuss. then inductive We will discuss the effects. Ok? Me Discussing the inductive effect directly Is. We have discussed the size factor Is. We did not discuss the factor of butt size have done it. So first today we will discuss the size factor that what is the size It does matter. so like electronegativity if we talked about Inductive effect or resonance effect, Mesomeric effect is caused by the effect of all other effects You have to apply the primary effect first It happens. which are the primary effects, Those are two effects. first is Electronegativity and second is size. So first I will learn about electronegativities. I will get it revised. so we will review it Let's take it. Did we discuss it? We discussed that you have CH4, NH3 Is, is H2O and is HF. if you go left to right Electronegativity will increase. Electronegativity EN increases. We I had talked about this. and the electronegativities of What does it mean? Tendency to Attract Electron Density Towards Itself. Self the ability to pull electrons towards that is electronegativity Is. Ok? So the more you turn to yourself the more anion it will pull the electron Stability will increase. so we saw it here But what will be built here? H+ + CH3- will be formed. Here H+ + NH2- will be formed. What will be made in it? H+ + OH- will be formed. and it contains H+ F- will be made. So we saw that as you Electrons are going from left to right Negativity is increasing. then the anion Stability is increasing. Electronegativity Increases Anion stability is increasing. Anion stability increases and anion If stability increases then your As electronegativities increase. Yours Acidity will also increase. Your acidity will also increase. acidity also There is a relation between increases and acidity The acidity increases with pKa If pKa is low then you will say pKa Decrease We talked about PK decreases last time Ok, some introduction was done in the lecture and this was the first thing we talked about the point we discussed was that is electronegativity i told you that You have to apply this daily. Where Do you want to apply? Apply daily only Have to do it. if you know the electronegativity factor many times wherever Electronegativity factor in your columns you try to apply it generally In case of acidity, your answer is wrong will come. So you always have to keep in mind that when Also if you apply this then you will get in columns Do not have to apply. electronic columns Size factor comes into play for this. you will ask Sir why is that so? So that is because the The difference is in the size. Column Two column. Ok? First, it was checked that Electron is being applied here. Then The size was checked. again wrong answers meet. Then a prediction was made in it Brother, this has to be put in it. put this in Is. This is the simple error and trial Approach. Ok? he was informed by Is. So today we will discuss the second thing. Size factor. what role does size play Is? So what role does size play brother? which is the size factor in the periodic table up to down when you go up to down when you come If you go and talk about the periodic table If you talk about the periodic table So here in up to down you will see the size factor can be seen. Up to Down Jab The more you go the more you will know the size increases The size increases. having increased size Because of this the orbitals keep increasing. to 3d, 4d, 5d such orbitals will increase then The size will increase. Ok? then the size factor when If you want to apply also then do that in columns Have to apply. Apply in columns. Columns You have to apply in it. you this thing Have to understand it carefully. Like we directly It will go away due to acidity. We have tested positive for acidity What did you read about? in the last lecture We understood the basics about acidity that AH is an acid so here A- plus H+ will be formed and this constant Hoga that is dissociation constant. We said that acidity is directly Proportional to what? Anion Stability and anion stability is directly Proportional to what? Electronegativity. Ok? this we Had discussed. So the beans work just like that Here. Anion stability is directly There is also proportional to size. so like As size increases, anion stability increases Is. We will discuss why this happens. Like if you take the compound Consider it like this: You should have the compound HF HCl HCl, HBr and HI If we lose protons in this then What all will be made? to lose the proton What will happen next brother? H+ will be formed in it Plus everything will have AF-S built in. It contains Cl- There's Br- there's I- okay in it? into what Will you become a brother? I- will be made. so here if Will you look at what has happened? EF- is formed, Cl- is formed, Br- is formed and here I- is formed. If If you apply the electronegativity factor then The acidity of HF should be high. Because When you go up to down the electrons Negativity reduces. But in reality The answer is the actual data that is there What does the data say? The data in the actual What does that data say, brother? Acidity What does the order say? Experimental Data It tells that the acidity order is She is more of HI as compared to HBR as Compare to HCL as compare to HO this is for you The data tells. so how to explain this will it be done? Ok? How will this be explained? What will be its order? you must tell me. For those who haven't liked the session yet, Please like it. First thing as soon as I arrive. okay brother? So what does this data tell us? it The acidity data tells us that brother, HI Acidity is high. So when the columns in this If you look at it, the size factor is It is applied. Electronegativity The factor is absolutely failing. so joe Electronegativity factor fails completely It is happening. Considering it carefully, you You will clearly understand that the i minus Its size is the largest. so now here from you're going up to down. So the size It is increasing. then the size will increase What factor works here? His We will discuss about it on the next page. Come on just If you look here you will know There is HF, there is HCL, there is HBr. talk about it like this There is HF, there is HCL, there is HBr, there is HI. Ok? As you come up to down, you will You will know as you move up and down so you know fluorine, chlorine, Bromine, iodine and hydrogen are the same but What is their size? is increasing and The size is increasing. which is the size The anion forming is Cl- F- Br- I- The size is increasing up to down. So up to down if the size increases then this bond This is the length of this bond here The length will increase. Ok? so here you are what will you say? Bond length increases. The bond length is increasing. as soon as If the bond length increases then the bond Strength will decrease. Bond Strength It will be decreased. Now you pay attention to it understand. If the bond strength decreases If it goes then this is also a factor. This is also a factor that brother this compound in this story as you go down to then the bond of HI will become weak so that can happen easily There will be a break. So that is why the acidity is high It will be. So you can also know the bond strength from this can you explain that acidity Acidity It will increase. because this is bond Week Even if the bond is weak. You can also say it like this. This is one of the factors. Ok? Second What does the factor say? of anion stability He talks. This is the main factor. So If you look here you will find out What a story that will be. if you look from here You will know. Here is H++ What will become H++ in all? F- Cl- Br- I- what will be made here brother? F- Cl- Br- I-So as you go up to down, Its size is also increasing. Its size is also increasing. and size Disperse charge increased due to increase Used to be. Disperse Charge Increase and disperse charge should be increased so the anion stability is increasing Is. Anion Stability Increases and anion stability is increasing Is. So what would you say? which chlorine, What is chlorine, bromine, iodine in it is it happening brother? There is increase in acidity in it It has been happening. Acidity increases. Now you will have a doubt what is this Disperse charge sir? We just heard this No, never. What is this disperse charge? Sir? I have never heard of this, Sir. what is this? If anyone knows then tell me In the comment section. so what is the disperse charge It happens? Can anyone tell me? so as you see chlorine, chlorine, Bromine is iodine. when you go up to down So everyone has a negative charge. If You have me like you, I love you very simple Let me give you an example. You and your two friends Are. Ok? If you are two friends, give two You remain friends, you remain happy and well. You are a good friendship. but still you are somewhere I went to some city, went to live somewhere You will know that you have been given a room of 2/2 let's go. How much is a 2/2 room? such as a lift it occurs. The bigger the lift, the The smaller the lift, the bigger it is A little older than him. Ok? so how much are you Will you be able to stay there in time? you a little while half hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours after 3 hours Yours will start later. hey your foot is there Do it, I can feel your foot. your hand Turn that way, I can feel your hand. sleeping He is sleeping like this at that time. so different things You will face difficulty in that. so 2 bye You will be ready in room number two. Little You will become unstable. After 4 to 5 hours If you are given a 4/4 room then you will get If a 4/4 room is given then 4/4 room You will be a little stable. a little stable You will stay brother, if you were living there earlier then you would have stayed there There was only problem in sleeping. In four hours you I got upset. What happened that both of them It became a place worth sleeping. but slowly slowly Slowly after one or two days your problem will start again. It will start saying hey brother this bag of yours Why did you keep it here? you got it from there Why did you keep it? Everything starts with you will go. Ok? Distribution of negative charge. Very Good. Ok? That is also correct. Correct Is? So you should understand this matter carefully. I explain what am I trying to do to you Something will start again there. then you And well provided room of 8/8. Ok? It has a house and parking. Correct Is? So what did you do in this? You have one of these I survived the month. After one month Then you start facing some problems in it will go. Then room 8/8 was given to you. Means one 1 BHK and one 2 BHK flat It was given in kind. everyone both separately We got the room. by partitioning both of them one by one We got separate rooms. separate doors for all Found it. You will be doing well. a few days What do you mean by that? 5 months, 6 months, You will be doing very well for a year. His Later, when the goods increase gradually, then you It will take less space. Ok? So one of them too After one and a half years you start having difficulties will go. Same if you have a 16/16 room Pass 16/16 means both will get 2 BHK separately If you are given it, you can live there for life yes. Meaning you can stay in it for life. You will get married. your wife will come there Everyone will have two children. Ok? so you Absolutely stable life there You can live. The score cards are here. Great. Updated ok bro so what is 16/16 for you exactly You will remain stable, your story is the same as fluorine is fluorine small atom okay so there's a negative charge has become a little bigger and has a negative charge became a little bigger and had a negative charge The stable became the biggest and the most it will be stable So the negative charge will be where the size There must be a lot of it there, it is easily stable will remain. What can a negative charge do to you? Is? The disperser may remain there. electrons will not repulse electrons and electron electron repulsion if If not, it will stabilize and If it stabilizes then your work will be done You'll find out at the compound. anion is more If it is stable then you will know according to it It would be good if your acidity also increases. So whenever you have what like if I will give you your homework. You should listen to your homework carefully. you guys How many people watch the video? After that You will also know how many people comment. I also know how many people actually read it Will work. I am giving you homework. Big Amazing The question is: Ok? We refer to me I have to tell you. I am giving you the reference Am. H3O+ is H3S+ Is. What will be the acidity order in these two? What is acidity between A and B? Ok? I have to tell you about acidity. what is The reference for this question? Jerry Marsh Everyone must have heard about the book. You can go and read it, find it and send me the page number. Please tell me the answer. I will give you a task and I'll give it to whoever is right Hurt. meaning the rest of the people will understand that their It is correct. Ok? okay brother. So it is given in Jerry Marx. This It is related to the concept but is a bit tricky. You should work on that. Ok? did you come? Are you asking, are you telling? Correct Is? okay brother. Now we will study inductive Effect. What is the inductive effect? in organic chemistry if you Have a better understanding of organic chemistry So you should get three effects. First Inductive effect, hyper conjugation effect And resonance effect. All three effects are very This is the basic effect. I am not saying that that you get the diamagnetic anisotropic effect Must come. I shouldn't have said that he too. But that is the advanced portion. a little mean It's not like things can't work without it. It will work without it. If the basic If you want to make organic chemistry then do this It is very important to read all three effects Is. Ok? like captodative effect which It is used in radicals. there is no use of it Not there. If you are looking for Basics Organic If you study chemistry then it is of no use. Call it SIR effect, call it Ortho effect It isn't used that much. Ok? So If you need basic organic chemistry If you want to understand then what is it for should there be an effect? that is inductive Effect? Your first effect comes here goes. So, what is the inductive effect? Can anyone tell me? Sir you mentioned cyclopentenil anion pentadienyl anion was not mentioned I I told you heptanyl anion is non Aromatic Ok you are saying wrong pentyl ion aromatic only occurs ok the whole world knows pk 16 ok So if you talk about inductive effect So what is the inductive effect? So Inductive effect depends purely on Depends on electronegativity. Purely Depends On electronegativity. Electronegativity you should know Which we have already read. You absolutely I know that thing. Ok? so this is purely It depends on electronegativities. okay brother? Purely Depend On Electro Negativity. You should definitely know this Needed It's a matter of pulling. like you have There is a system. There is a system. There is a system here It is attached. So this is the system. Meaning this is a Process. Ok? like a common man Is. He is a middle class man. that one A system has been formed in India that India that if you will talk about it then there is a similar one here There is a system. that by which someone will pull will give. It is like this. Ok? so look Listen to the story here. More We will not talk about the common man. we talk will do common electron with group and common About the electron donating group. Ok? Now this system CH2 is a system What will the donating group do? donate to him Will do it. So this group is donating to this Yes that is +I effect. And this group that is withdrawing from it, this the one who is withdrawing, is pulling it from this is -i effect. That means I am. I am here at I am standing. If someone has more strength than me The man is absolutely a bodybuilder dangerous He has body strength. He will throw me down. If a man exactly like this stands here The rope should be given in his hand. My A rope should be given in hand. He is pulling. I am pulling. I am pulling that. I dragging on. pull it for a minute or two will find it. After that he will pull it. Very He has a lot of strength. So the rope He will pull it. So that's more electronegative It happens. That's what happens with peacock Which is called electro negative. Correct Is? So the one who's pulling the rope here that for me What is that to me? -i is the group. Who There is a withdrawing group. Electron Withdrawing Group. which is electronegative What is an atom for the system? is the electron withdrawing group. Ok? And if here a person with less strength The one who is standing between me and him pulling the rope should be taken. He has less strength than me. Understand that he is a small child. I will rope him in I will pull it. So what is that group for me? Is? That's my electron donating group For. Whoever gives me electrons will do it for me. The electron donating group will pull from me He withdrew for me cyclohextrienyl anion such as look like You can ask questions in between lectures You are asking. Let me tell you anyway Because your ma'am has taught you. Yours ma'am no there are many people who teach All the people in India have no name I will take it, but there are many people who teach This compound is called anti-aromatic. This is not the anti aromatic compound. This If this is written somewhere then you can tell me Send it. It's not like anyone took notes It has been written, someone has written this, someone has written that, Took it like this. I don't want it like this. Standard If anybody has any reference that brother this If you have any anti aromatic compound then send it to me Give it. I will accept it. ahead of him I will start teaching from the next day That is an anti aromatic compound. this is non Aromatic Compounds According to Cladon. This is according to Claydon. Seconds at Claydon You will get it in first edition, not in edition Will go. It is called non in the first edition Contains aromatic compound. Non Aromatic It happens. What does Claydon say? Non Aromatic. It is non aromatic and non planar because of ok it is written in clanden first edition This was removed in the second edition It was removed because it would be controversial same if you talk about second book generally If I am written anti-aromatic somewhere, It happened like it is written non aromatic Written in the first edition, written in the second edition I don’t know if I didn’t write it in the second edition you might not have read it, it won’t be in the second edition So there is no butt. I think so. Second You talk about the thing. Read David Klein's book You. Aromatics in David Klein's Book Chapter one of David Klan's book is an organic of Chemistry. You will find aromatic in that too In the chapter it is non planar It is written. it is written as non planar And it is called non aromatic. These I have a reference. of anti aromatic I don't have any reference. second thing What does David Klein say? David Klein He says that brother, this carbon is sp3 is carbon. sp3 is carbon. Anion Do not participate in delocalization Would do. David Klein says ok sp3 this is what happens to you david klein David Klein Organic Chemistry says by david klan fourth books are his very These are great books, these are basic books brother There are a lot of basic books from Claydon It is also much more basic than Colas etc. You can also check out the basic book yes. You can see that. Ok? okay brother. I have so much information about this compound is in. If there is any more information than this If anybody has it, he can give it to me. Ok? Let me start with this reference taught. Now let us come back to the inductive effect From. Ok? You asked a question in between Took it. No problem. Let's not ask I want it anyway but it's okay. So the inductive effect in What are we saying? There is a system that If someone donates electrons to the system So there will be a donating group. Any if withdraw If it does then there will be a withdrawing group. Very There are all the groups that are on the system It doesn't depend. That Permanent Withdrawal There are groups. and there are many groups like this which do not depend on the system They are as a donating group. Such as the electric thing which will be there in it if you Will you talk about this your more electronegative will be. More will be electronegative. this is yours less electronegative will always be as Compare two systems. Ok? as you can see you have If the system is compound like this then in it If you are asked to tell me brother What is the effect of benzene? effect of PA Ring. If you are asked about effect of PA ring in A and as well as as you asked in B C Triple Bd CH so if you will talk here So the al ring is your peacock is electronegative as compared to double the bonds are both sp2 sp2 but which ring is is more electronegative Because there is an issue of bond angle there so that's why it is more electronegative Because of this it will show -i and the same The triple bond is sp here and this is sp2 If it is sp2 then both were sp2. this was also sp2 and It was sp2. What is your butt ring? You You can talk about this. You can leave this. Due to more complexity you can use it You might as well leave it. You can write it in CH2CH3 what can you write brother? CH2 You can write CH3. Meaning no complications. So what is this? It is sp3. So this ring What will happen for this for sp3? edge a -i will work. but as a sp for this edge a +i will work. What will Edge A do? +i It will work like . So if you talk in A then -i in A will be. +i effect will be applied in B. so it totally depends on COT is non aromatic. COT cord which would have been It is non aromatic. his we Not discussing. I of Aromatic I am not discussing the lecture. Ok? So this story is clear to you here Say? So this will also depend on the system. Meaning it will happen like this many times. Now in this This change is happening. sometimes it will be like It is CH3. If you talk about CH3 then CH3 If you talk about CH3 then it is CH2+ and CH3 Is. It is CH2-. If you talk about CH3 then CH3 As a permanent electron donating group It works like a . so here also age a will work like +I. here also edge a +I It will work just like that. he doesn't change Is. Like if there is NO2 then NO2 also does not change Would. Works the same as -i. then some There are groups that directly Works like a permanent one. some groups There are some who don't work permanently Do. What do they do directly? that age a Your changes are made according to the group Are. Ok? So generally you will talk about CH3 so the anion has more electrons negative ch3 should be as compare to this because it is non-ionic so still it is a plus ion shows that it is called induce It is called effect because hydrogen which they donate electrons to CH3 Let me inspire you to donate, go donate Taxes and CH3 donates further. then CH3 It is induced and hence the name inductive effect has come. okay brother? What name does that come from? The name inductive effect has come up. So let's understand What is the inductive effect? one by one I have posted some slides here Is. Ok? So what is the inductive effect? Inductive effect depends on electrons The first point I told you. Operants Why Sigma Bond. there is some innovative thing that It operates only through sigma bonds. This is due to a pi bond or a different bond Does not operate through. poll it's due to Polarization of sigma bond. Sigma Bond Polarization occurs in. what did i say To you? I told you what CH3 is Why is it +I? Because hydrogen There is hydrogen, there is hydrogen. Who Carbon is delta negative as compared to Two hydrogen. So it gives it electrons It is like this. because of electro negativity Who will you talk to? of carbon Electronegativity is more as compared to Two hydrogen. so so what do they do Are? donate electrons. Electron We give it. donate electrons. Delta They create a negative. this is to Donation is all that is required. Some induce The effect takes place. then polarization would occur is in bond. Electronegativity It comes because of the difference. this is also correct That is, brother, if there is CH2 and Cl here, then Here delta will be negative. here at Delta will come positive. Ok? so here The delta which comes out positive will be polarization will be. So that is a different matter. Ok? For him Let me explain. Come on. Polarization is Sigma bond. how does it happen brother? As You have a compound that has a permanent effect Is. Meaning because of the bonds in the compound If it happens then it creates a permanent effect. CH3 It is, CH2 is, CH2 is, Cla is. Now this What is the chlorine doing? Electron pulling Used to be. Delta is negative. what is this Brother? Delta is positive. What is this? Delta Positive Positive. represent this It is done. Such partial characters are increasing Used to be. It is shown that bhaiya is like this Meaning it is decreasing. It is shown like this. So if you understand this carefully then chlorine is electronegative will pull the electron. It is obvious. So it pulled the electron out. on this Positive charge arrived. That is absolutely correct. What is butt? Its effect is also on this It happens. He pulls a little on this also. It has an effect on this as well. on this too Pulls a little bit. generally it said It is said that the inductive effect occurs, Lasts from three to four carbons. His It becomes negligible further. After that It vanishes. Distance Dependent There is an effect. As the distance As it increases the effect decreases. Max That works up to two to four carbons. After that it becomes negligible. Absolutely Which you do not consider. Ok? So if you look here, you will see that it is permanent The effect is yours. So if you talk about this If you do, what does he do? In this bond Polarity will come. This is chlorine, this is carbon Is. Chlorine is more powerful than carbon is electronegative. electron pulling Is. That is absolutely correct sir. Now the electron because of the thing that is pulling it this carbon Positive charge is coming on it. Correct! That's right sir. But the effect of this bond should happen on them too It is happening, it is happening to them as well. so due to polarization in one bond in this bond Polarization is happening and its effect is It is being done on adjacent bonds. so this The effect is known as what? Inductive effect. This effect is known as what? Inductive Effect. So, what does it do? Inductive Broad range of organic chemistry If you talk from perspective, then what is it working? it's working electron pulling or donating process Sigma bonds which are more electronegative whoever is donating will pull it Whoever is less electronegative will donate he will donate it, it's very simple talk here okay brother and this is the effect that is happening Should be in bond like HCL is. HCL what happens in? Here the electron is And they are coming towards us. Have come to this side. Complete He has pulled it. so there's a lot here Delta is negative. The Delta is here It is positive. which pulled the electron That is absolutely correct. There is nothing wrong with No. which is electronegative. Excuse me sir why not read my comment? Actually what would I be to teach The method is like this. My method of teaching is a little It is different. I neither teach nor am in flow I live. Ok? So I am going to discuss the topics Other than what we are discussing about the things that happen other than I don't discuss much. Ok? What is a cot? It is non aromatic And so on, we have already heard a lot about all these things. It is explained in all the videos. and cot Just simple, it is a compound. take a look Listen to this. Cyclo tetra is nonplanar. Tub There is a shape. It has a tough shape and is non-planar Is. Because it is non planar, it is non It is aromatic. Ok? very simple c The thing is. So this is your excuse now. Ok? If you look here, there is HCL. So what can HCL do? Used to be? pulling the electron. What is it Is? is donating electrons. Here is the Delta If you talk about negative delta positive So the same should have happened here too. But This bond had an effect on this as well, on this also happened. So this is strange. that different It was a thing. as a is pulling the electrons towards it If it is, then it should have had a positive charge. There shouldn't have been any effect on this. But It affected that too. and that effect What happened later was basicity turned into acidity in, in carbocation stability, Used in carbanion stability. So That is why it is important for you to understand that its Effect of carbon two to three carbon four Even carbon can be your valid. which +i There will be different categories in this today The one who is pulling is the withdrawing group -i will be called the effect. the electron which The one who pulls it will be called +i effect Will go. Ok? So let’s understand one by one After doing everything on the next page. What is it does he say? Simple says shifting off electrons from less electronegative Atom to more electronegative atom. Ok? What is this just? Inductive Effect What is the overall thing in it? What Is there a story? The story is just this electrons shift from less Electro Negative Atom Two More Electronegative atom. Ok? its weak effect is too much There is no sting effect. Sigma Bond It operates through and this weak effect It is called yours. Ok? Distance There is an increase. As the distance increases. The effect will be less because it is polarization been in a bond and because of that others It is happening. It is happening on the third one. Fourth It is happening. becoming negligible in front of him Is. It means it is not happening in front of him Effect. Ok? so distance increases These are also called fire. Also known as fire. Ok? Pushpa. The fire will not bow down. You You must have heard that dialogue. Oh, you must have heard it Pushpa. What do you say? Pushpa The bastard won't bow down. Doesn't he say it like that tick tick tick tick tick That is fire. Ok? what does he say? I'm on fire myself I. So the fire that happens maintains the distance It decreases when there is an increase. wrong in that is shown. distance because if you see fire here I lit a fire, imagine you are sitting here in the village Like I sit during cold days Everybody sits here so what are everybody Let's try, someone here, someone here someone here someone here someone here someone here Some people keep sitting here, standing here they try to do that here Let's get in somewhere, let's get in here, okay They always try and fire happens because what happens at the back is what happens at the back It seems that its effect is minimal If it happens then if you look here If there is a fire burning then understand that there is someone here is standing Some guy is standing here. any guy here But someone else is standing here. So this But its effect will be very It will be strong. bake this comfortably Will get it. It will not feel cold. Absolutely. This Whatever effect it will have, it will be little. Eye It is being baked like this. cold back and forth It has been happening. Then he is doing like this. Ok? So Are you understanding the matter? The impact on this will be less. So there will be less effect on this. effect on this There will be a negligible effect. Negative here Yes, if it is a very strong group then There will be some effect little by little. Ok? But you should understand this thing carefully here as The distance will increase as the distance increases as a distance increases I decreases. I Decrease Meaning The inductive effect decreases. Ok? So, The inductive effect will decrease as a Then the distance will increase. Ok? Keep reading, keep reading. okay brother. Additives are present in nature. A Your Compound Whatever happens is additive in nature. As A group is organized. -i group is appearing Or +i group is looking like this. Looks like donating Or am I feeling withdrawn? If a group It is installed. Understand that chlorine has an effect Used to be. then there is a chlorine in it then if If the effect is something X then two chlorine when If it happens then there will be 2X effect. three chlorine When this happens there will be 3x effect. So additive These effects will occur. It will be additive in nature. The effect you have will be additive. Meaning It will not decrease. It will grow whenever the group We will join then. Ok? so here are some basic The discussion was about inductive effect. We will do the classification. Classification Simple It happens. Inductive effect +I and -i effect It happens. which is operated by +i effect By electron donating groups. Who Electron donating group. You just have to We have to find the electron donating group. Then you will know that it is +i effect Is. Ok? so who operates the +i effect Is? Electron donative groups. All Anion will show +i effect. which are non-ionic all are O- CH2- N- all anions which are are edges that show a +I effect because they Les is electronegativities. What does electronegativity mean? what is the definition of Electronegativity? Tendency to Attract Electron Density Towards Itself. as much as possible towards yourself will pull the electron as much as will pull the electron towards itself that is more What is an electronegative anion? Very I am a god, I have more electrons He seems to be fine, so very much the electron which is which pulls the electron towards itself too much If I talk about him a lot towards myself if it has more electrons then it why would he pull it then all the anayas What is the edge of an electron Work like a donating group. as a +I work as a group. and his The exactly opposite will be the cation. these are the withdrawn group electron withdrawing Approximately the group has -i effect. All Cations and Positively Charged Compounds R show -i effect. What are cations? positive Charge. Positively Charged Compounds Are the Electron Deficient Compound. in which There is a deficiency of electrons. Ok? what is where? of the electron There is a deficiency. So, the positively charged compound shows -i effect which shows -i effect There is a deficiency of electrons in it. They want electrons. Electron pulling have been. so the electrons that are pulling You must understand one thing carefully that the electron will pull the electron toward itself He will pull it. that is -i effect more will be electronegative. Ok? All Alkyl Groups Generally Which what are all alkyl groups Are? +i shows the effect. Tell me someone +i groups with effects and Sorry such as those which are CH3 There is ethyl, there is propyl. isopropyl, n butyl, secondary butyl, tertiary butyl Is. Ok? all anions like CH2 Like NH- Like O- all will show +I effect. extra all will show +I effect. what is the whole of Will you do it brother? +I will show the effect. the same if Do you have any carbonyl compound? carbonyl compound acid amide aldehyde ketone ester acid chloride all group what will you do -i will show the effect is NO2 This is cyanide, OR2+, NR3+, Sr2+ What will all the groups do? all these will show their effect There will be groups, what will they do brother -i will show the effect Like same story you have CH3 CD3 and In the CT3 Do we need this in the basics? Let us go Let's read it. If it is written now then CH3 will be which will be CT3 and which will be CD3 in this if If you see, you will know that the CPT The bond is such that as the mass increases, The bond length is less. such as hydrogen It is there, there is deuterium, there is tritium, understand that. Correct Is? Ok? so hydrogen deuterium tritium If you talk about it, you will understand the story what will happen brother which is tritium which is tritium If you understand this carefully, then You will understand that the bond length will decrease as The mass increases when we talk about isotopes You do physical spectroscopy You will read the story as he reads the graph yes, you read it, I read it too long ago there was that tritium whose mass increases, its bond length will decrease So here the bond length of tritium is less Donation will be faster if there is less distance If his electrons are same then donation If it is fast then the donation will be more If the inductive effect is high then CT3 CD3 than CH3 by the way of tritium deuterium Hydrogen what will be your effect CD of CT3 will be more, this is the point is okay there will be more of tritium as compared to deuterium as compared to Why hydrogen because of short bond length ok this should not have been discussed I have discussed it here, it is ok In this you will see the matter of tertiary butyl If you do it then tertiary butyl will give more Secondary Iso Propyl Than Ethyl Than why would methyl be like tertiary butyl If you talk about it then it is 1, 2, 3, this is carbon will donate further 1 2 3 this is carbon Negative will come and donate 1 2 3 this carbon yes, he will donate, he will donate in future If you look carefully at this, you will see three CH3 who is donating this carbon to Delta is making it negative going forward if he is donating then what about tertiary butyl The effect will be that of three CH3 Here, two will be of CH3 and one will be of hydrogen and two hydrogen, one CH3 What will happen? And there are only three hydrogen atoms will have an effect. So, if you pay attention here If you understand this, then you will understand that the nine hydrogen is there they will donate more as Compare to seven, as compare to five, as Compare two three. So, that is why your tertiary Butyl will have higher plus I effect. I told you that you have which is carbon, which is hydrogen, There is hydrogen, there is hydrogen. If you talk about electronegativities, So carbon has higher electronegativities It happens as compared to hydrogen. And So what does he do brother? It donates. It donates. it He donates. So this is hydrogen. There is hydrogen. There is hydrogen. this donation Will do it. What will be the story after making a donation? What will be the story after donating brother? These Carbon is further processed as a +I effect will operate. So the more CH3 increases The more the +I effect will increase. so tertiary butyl tertiary butyl thane isopropyl ethyl methyl agar carbon number Off carbons also increase such as for example is n butyl Like if you have increased carbs as well hey look what is here brother it's like a story that's n butyl like if we say that It is CH2, it is CH2, it is CH2, It is CH3, CH is CH2, CH2 is CH3. CH2 is CH3 Is. And CH2 is, straight up CH3, right? So you You will know that there is A, there is B, there is C, there is D. So Here, the one which has higher number of carbon There will be more chances of donation in it Will be. There will be more chances of donation. So Its +i will be greater. So if we talk about +I If it happens then A gives B gives C gives D It will happen like this. If you talk about gluten then it will be like this The story will be yours. Did you understand it? Say. Ok. Like here we are talking about inductive effect You will do CH2- NH - O- you will go from left to right Electro negativity will increase. Electronegativity increases. Ok? We are talking about the oxygen central atom. We. of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen Electronegativity will increase. So donating If the character is less then +I will be less. So Electron negativity increases Electron Donating Character Decreases. Electron Donating Characteristic Decreases Electron donating character decreases +i effect decreases +i +i effect Decreases all +i effect I will show you. All of them will show +I effect. Butt Joe Stung +I will show that CH2- will be as compared to NH as compared to O- O- and carboxylate Both will show the +i effect. pay attention to this To understand from. This is very controversial. Like you are talking about non aromatic and aromatic just like you were here the story is that this What group is this? like acid talk If you do so, then acid edge is a -I group and If you talk about carboxylate anion then Carbohydrate +i why brother carbohydrate +i? because the anion of carboxylate which gets delocalised It does, it resonates here. So What would have been the story because of resonance? Is? This is such a resonance hybrid. There are more electrons. Electron The density increases on this carbon. So So this edge works like a + i. But But it is not as strong as O- If you talk about its O- key +i effect It will be more as compared to this one. okay brother. Tell me brother, is it clear? Say. So till now we have discussed very simple things. It is from the discus. if you can see it What did I say on the screen? Brother, what about inductive effect? We First let us talk about the inductive effect I understood what the inductive effect is Is? Inductive effect A plus I effect A What happened in between? I had asked this doubt. Ok? doubt by Student. This is not a part of teaching. It purely depends on electrons On negativity. There will be a system. The electron withdrawn group will be as a -i will work as a group. Electron The groups that pull will be inductive The effect will work like a -i group. will work as a withdrawing group and who Donating groups will be those donating groups Will work like. +i work as a group do. Ok? So what did we say in this of In this we talked about inductive There is an effect which is distance dependent It happens. It depends Electronegativity Pe. of sigma bond It operates through. In this bond Polarization is happening. of this bond Due to polarization, other bonds also Polarization is happening. this effect is known What does the edge definition say? Inductive of the effect? Definition of Inductive Effect says that polarization in one body due to two Polarization in one bond and another bond also polarizes the other bonds around till carbon number three to four From due to polarization in one bond another bond adjacent bond also polarises That is known as what inductive effect it has We called it inductive effect, so carbon chlorine is bonded it will always remain attached to this If you talk about chloro in compound You will talk about propane i.e. chloropropane If you talk about it you will know that it It will always be there and the effect will also be there Therefore this will be called a permanent effect. Polarization in sigma bond through this It works. In this we talked about shifting of electrons What is the total story in it does something happen? It has simple electrons Shifting happens. from less electronegative too much Electronegative. now in this whole process Inductive effect has been classified To. Whoever gives will get a plus. Whoever takes it will get a minus Come. Ok? Through a system. Ok? Like here you will talk about weak effect It happens. Stung doesn't have that much effect. like aromatic effect like resonance Effect. It is not that strong. Week There is an effect. This is the primary effect. Very It is not primary. of starting There is an effect. The one who was taught in the beginning It goes, that is the first effect. butt its It is not used so much, yet it is so effective It does not happen. But this is a must read. so It is taught. It is distance dependent Is. I told you that as soon as the fire It is said, we call it Pushpa. Inductive effect is known as what? Pushpa. What does Pushpa mean? Pushpa did you see Hoga Movie will not bow down. then he won't bow down What do you know about the movie that you have seen? It is said that whatever is fire, is fire. I that He says it too, I say this too I am fire. But it is distance dependent Is. There it was shown differently in that movie Is. What is shown in the movie? Movie Key We are not discussing. But understand the matter To. It is shown in the movie that he is everywhere He rules. Ok? He is a criminal. means he is a criminal and everything else He smuggles things etc. He is ruining our forests illegally Is. Ok? It is shown there. Correct? But people consider him a hero. I Why do you believe in Don't Know and why do you believe in it so much I like it. People do the same style Are. They keep doing Pushpa Pushpa like this. They keep dancing like this after removing their slippers. Ok? So why do I don't know? But he actually he is a criminal na It is destroying our forests. our country going to other countries and selling things Is. This is a good thing. But he is smuggling Is. The man is doing whatever is illegal. And he has been shown as a hero. but talk to him Understand it carefully. If you have the second part You must have seen it. I have seen the second part also. If you haven't seen it, you should see it. No I don't see it is not necessary, it is not confirmed There is no need to look at others shows in the part he goes to japan But that is wrong, absolutely conceptually wrong is Pushpa calling himself fire right? The fire cannot grow too much Limited Fire increases in the place if fire breaks out in this If there is a miracle in the jungle then the Himalayan forests The fire will not occur in limited space The fire is accurate depending on the distance If there is then there is a distance dependent effect If you talk about inductive effect here It is written on the board as a distance increases inductive effect disease its Additive in Nature. what will be the nature of it Will it happen brother? Ok? What would that be? Your additive will be The story will continue. Ok? Meaning of Groups Will increase. Then we classified it. Two Maya Donating Group operated in categories If it happens then it will be +i. Withdrawing if required So there will be a minus. if you talk there All alkyl groups or anions They will show the +i effect. Ethyl methyl isopropyl propyl n butyl Secondary Butyl Tertiary Butyl CH2- NH - O - CO2 - also what I just mentioned All will act as +I and in -i NO2 Cyanide OR2 + NR3+ Sr2+ All AO groups All the plus ones who will be of all age groups Will work like a withdrawal. Ok? Then we discussed inductive here About +I about effect. In this We said that it depends on the bond length Is. Among CT3, CD3 and CH3, which will be +i of CD3 That would be more as compared to CD3 as Compare to CH3 and Same Titanium Deuterium Hydrogen Tertiary Butyl Isopropyl We talked about ethyl methyl. over there We saw that here there are nine hydrogen atoms There is a donation. Here hydrogen is consumed There is a donation. Here is five hydrogen There is a donation. Here, there is three hydrogen There is a donation. So the overall donation is more than this It happens. So +I is more. +I more It happens. So your order has arrived. Ok? Then we understood that as the chain increases, in that too +i will be more for you. Number of Carbon If we grow then we will also grow in anion Did a comparison. We will discuss about -i once. -i If you talk about the effect, you will understand that there are so many things in it To discus. you go very deeply You can. But I don’t want to go that deep The one. I'm going to give you a basic approach Am. very essential thing that brother Let's withdraw. So who withdraws? Are? So who has the most withdrawing power? it occurs? Like OR2+, is OF2+, It is NR3+. Ok? NH3+ is. This is the most powerful are positively charged. like this falls into the category. NO2 also comes. It is less because of them but they come in the same category goes. Ok? So this is the most Will show withdrawing power. then after that In short your carbonyl will come of compounds. Carbonyl H compounds will be there. cyanide will be there, SO3 will be there, SO3r will be there Extra. Ok? After that again your compounds come like halogens OR OH, NHNR2, NH2 X all groups. After that again your Compounds come like sp2 carbon Compound double bud. Ok? C Triple Bud CH C aromatic all these groups are included and then at last yours is like this then this is the Big orders. Big order means What happens? An approximate order and if you use it then it will be your job It will be done. No need for too much The orders which are of highfi level No need to remember. you remember him If you sit doing this you will feel like this, hey I remember you It's just not happening. I do not even solve it It is happening. So the basics are not clear to you It will be possible. Ok? don't try to perfect. don't try to be perfect Is. The basics are going to do you good. There is no doubt in that. Butt slowly Will be. You can learn the basics of it in the first go itself Are you studying organic chemistry course? And in that only your absolutely wonderful and amazing The organic chemistry of the world will bring you It started. It won't happen like this. you slowly slowly Things have to be done. So these are thick I have given the idea. Because of which your What will happen? What is this? are halogens. Ok? So this is your rough idea. I have given it to you. Ok? so that What will happen? This will be a minus effect. Now the talk I understand. Let us understand the perspective. Its what will be the use? What will be its application? Do I have to ask some questions in this? Or Let me give you your homework. I asked the question Were put in. Some? ok brother let's ask him some questions Correct order according to the order of Strength of +I effect Order of +I effect What will be the strength of? As we read CT3 Your age is higher compared to CD3 As compared to CD3 and as compared to CH3 ok Is? but there's an extra compound here They have added it. CHD2 means two In place of hydrogen there are two deuterium. This way it will increase your S comp 2 4 1 3 2 4 1 3 2 4 1 Correct option a will go four okay brother The correct option will come for more Simple-simple questions, there is something in it. As Here you will see the correct order of +i 10 so tertiary butyl, isopropyl, Tertiary butyl is isopropyl and n It is propyl. So whenever you have isopropyl would be like this isopropyl what Is? It is CH3. If it is CH3 then it will apply +i. These will apply +i. There will be one hydrogen. and N what is propyl brother? It will be more like Compare to N propyl. because here in this The carbon is being donated by CH2 CH3. And There are two CH3's here. much of it hoga as compared to n propyl In. So 1 2 3 4 is the correct answer. then 1 2 3 4 is the correct answer. so first option is The correct answer. okay brother. You will see the next question. which of the Following alkyl group has maximum +I Effect? Who will have the most? So Methyl, Ethyl, Isopropyl and Tertiary Butyl. We had seen this. its whole We saw the order for tertiary butyl The maximum +i effect will be as compared to Ethyl, isopropyl as well as methyl Comparison. Ok? I have not seen the result. some till now No, about that. I don't know I I am in class. Inductive effect is a Polarization of sigma bond. Ok? Inductive effect is the polarization of Sigma bond. It is just a definition. Yes, the score card is here. I know, I I found out about it in the lecture itself. right now i see I haven't found anything. arrange the following Compound of decreasing power of +I effect. Which has higher number of carbon. If There is no branched carbon. If branching The one who is there has more pressure Is. If you have a single chain then click here Look it's butyl. no no n pentyle Is. n is butyl, n is propyl, n It is ethyl. So the one that has more carbon It will be more. So 2 4 1 3 2 4 1 3 2 4 1 3 This is the correct answer. okay brother? So, we asked some basic questions. We have it here. we will discuss now Application of inductive effect. Application The first things you need to know what we talked about, what we said I started the course not tomorrow What I told in the last lecture session well what did I tell you? The score card has arrived. I know I see him I haven't found anyone's. So whomsoever It is a good score, whoever has a score more than 100 is coming, whoever has a chance Can he share his selection with me? Are. Ok? Those who don't have it, they can also discuss it can you do that brother what should be done for this Ahead. Ok? We are absolutely about that We will discuss. Ok? Let's discuss the applications of inductive About the effect. Application of If you talk about inductive effect, then you You will clearly understand that three Intermediate, as I told you here that whenever you have a reactant Any reaction with the reactant Will do it. Reagent and solvent added Will go. So a transition state will be formed here or Will it become intermediate? And then the product will be made here again. Now it is Enough what is a bar that the step that forms the transition state or the one who is going to become intermediate there is a step, that is the rate Determining step. so joe rate determining If the step is here then the inductive Your intermediates are theirs Stability is very important Is. So here we will talk about three intermediate I am going to talk about it. the first Intermediate is your application of inductive Since we know the intermediates in the effect Needed So let me give you a basic idea I will tell you what intermediates are Are. So the reactants and products of the reaction If any species forms between the So they are intermediates generally. Ok? In this you will see six types of intermediates Will meet with. like if you have three Those with bonds are intermediates. Three Intermediates are those in which three bonds There are. What does one contain? A cation occurs. One one contains a radical and one contains an anion Is. So all the ones that have three bonds, What is? It is trivalent. Three Bond Meaning In scientific language it is called trivalent goes. So this is also trivalent. This too It is trivalent. This is also trivalent. Ok? If you talk here, you will You will understand. There are 1 2 3 4 5 6 six bonds There are paired electrons. Positive charge. Why have you come? The positive charge comes because Because a bond is gone. two electrons He left. Octet must be complete. Who if you talk about it it is CH4 carbon which is what is in carbon generally There are four bonds here and that sharing The off electron completes the octet This carbon of yours has its octet complete and the complete octet is The four bonds that it forms by catenation are It is a complete octet so it is long The chain is formed. Ok? But if the cation If you talk then there are three sorry three in Catayan There is a bond and there is a deficiency of two electrons. Meaning there are six electrons. So three bonds there's six electrons and six What's on it besides the electrons? There is also a positive charge. There is also a positive charge. Ok? the same if you If you talk about radicals, then free radicals What is this called? This is called Carbohydron. This is what? Carbo Cation. Its name is carbocation which It is electron deficient. positive It gets charged. would be electron deficient which has lack of electrons. Which has incomplete octet. Simply put, it's all organic If we talk about it in chemistry then This one will be called poor. what will you say brother? will be called poor. the same if trivalent If you talk about compound second intermediate if you add electrons to it If it is a trivalent compound then it is consumed in electrons are present in it and there is no no charge no charge And this is called radical and free radical Is It is called a radical or a free radical goes. It is also incomplete octave. There should be eight electrons. but how many in this Are? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 So there are six electrons. if you add an electron to it, what will happen? Can a radical be formed from a cation? Absolutely Bun Can. It can definitely be made. In the cutting If you add one electron, it's free Can become radical. Is made. Correct Is? Next if you talk about this then your Trivalent is the next intermediate. that is the carbon ion 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 et Electrons are in it. so free The radical had seven electrons. There is at electrons so does it have an electron Can anion be formed by adding? Absolutely can be made. on the basis of this a lot There are reactions of all radicals also. Very All the reactions involve the formation of anion from a radical Is made. Ok? so at There are electrons. The negative in this It gets charged. Ok? And what is this called? It is called carboanion. Its if you You will read the definition in scientific language So how is its definition made? Look at the What does the organic trivalent compound say? Is? The Organic Compound an Organic Trivalent Compounds Which Contain Six Electrons. A compound that contains three There is a bond. The organic compound that is It is an organic compound, a carbon compound. Organic compound means two carbon compound. Ok? which trivalent means three There is a bond. The Organic Trivalent Compound which contain six electrons and Bears positive charge what does that do? has six electrons and is positive Holds the charge on itself. that intermediate that Compound is known as what? Carbohydron. That same is called carbocation. Definition such It is made. Ok? like how we read So brother, there are three bonds, seven electrons Yes, there is no charge at all. free radicals Is. So how do they say it scientifically? The organic compound which contains the Organic Trivalent Compounds Which Contain Seven electrons without any charge. that is Non as free radical. and how about the third carbon Is it called? how do we say it in english Are? What is our language? Our It's a language brother which has three carbon It is a compound that has eight electrons and it has a negative charge It is a carbon ion. how do they say it In scientific language? His The Organic trivalent compound which contains at electron with negative charge that is known As carbanion. That is known as carbanion. So, what did it say goes? Which is called carbon ion. Now if you understand this matter carefully then You will understand what the story is brother. and it contains intermediates like Carbin. There is a carbin. Contains a nitrene. Ok? And there is a benzene. One is benzene. in which benzene Here comes the triple bond. That is the benzine. Ok? What happens where? Divalent It is compounded. Divalent Six which contains electrons. like here Pe is trivalent and has six electrons. It has divalent six electrons. No Charge which has no charge. That is Carbin, it is called Carbin. And just like there is carbon, there is nitrogen Analogous is nitrene. Means nitrogen Analogous carbene is none other than nitrene. Correct Is? So, it is a simple work in this also. In this What is? Actually it is monovalent. It is monovalent. There is also a The electrons are gone. Six Electron No Charge. No charge and nitrogen is present Nitrene. Ok? This is called nitrene. And where does the triple bond occur in benzene That is non as benzyl. So six intermediate Your organic chemistry reactions Are made in. The most popular one is intermediate that is a Carbocations, carbanions and free radicals. We will talk about these here for stability For. So the application of inductive effect is in What will happen on it? because the effect on this Whatever intermediate is formed, consider it as a reaction This is happening in which carbocation is created. SN1 Reaction: Chlorine is released and cation is formed. How much more stable is the cation? The rate of SN1 reaction depends on the basis Will do it. It will be decided on that basis which one The compound will show faster reaction. Which one will show a slower reaction. So you know that If you want to do it then you have to turn off the basics Must know organic chemistry. Inductive effect should be known. Resonance The effect should be known. Hyper Conjugation The effect should be known. bean story carbon Same story in ions, yours in free radicals It will be useful. So let us understand one by one This. First of all we will talk about the stability of Intermediates. So like what did we say? We said that carbocation is present in What happens? would be electron deficient Is. Now the stability of carbocation is Let's talk about carbocation. Let's be inductive Effect. Now from the inductive effect Will it be explained? No Stability of carbocation explained will go. By inductive effect, resonance from the effect, from the hyperconjugation effect, Due to aromatic effect, all the effects are beneficial for you. Stability will be ascertained. but somewhere Will have to start with. So the inductive effect Let's start with. the less effect that would have occurred yes, slowly slowly all the effects We will study and do intermediate of carbocation We will understand stability. Ok? So let's understand It is a little there. Stability of carbocation. So First we will apply the stability of Carbohydron. So to understand the stability of carbocation First we have to understand carbocation. What Is it carbocation? carbocations with three bonds It is compounded. and an electron octet It is incomplete. octet incomplete hota Is. We discussed the rest on the previous page. Correct Is? And it is electron deficient. So, brother, he is electron deficient. What is? It is deficient. if you write about hindi then what will you write in hindi? Poor He is poor. Ok? Ok? whatever If you want to write, write. Ok? So it is electron deficient. Poor It happens. So if you pay attention here If you understand then you will understand what the story will be. What is this? He is poor. Ok. What is this? Electron Deficient It happens. He is poor. So inductive If you talk in terms of effect then it is inductive There will be two groups in the effect. one then +i group, +i will be group, one will be -i group will be. The +i group will have that electron There will be a donating group and there will be a -i group That would be the electron withdrawing group. Correct Is? So the +i group will be the -i group If I talk about it, then this electron There is a pulling group. so if from the poor Will any man snatch the money and run away from the temple? He is sitting outside, if you snatch his money and run away What a shameless thing. very much This is a shameless thing. So the electron What will the withdrawing group do? Stabilize He won't do it. It will destabilize. Donating What will the group do? It will stabilize. so this Plus effect which will stabilize Carbohydron. Stabilize carbocations. Ok? And whoever this is, what will it do? It will destabilize. Destabilize Carbohydron. Ok? So the simple thing is that If you talk about carbocation stability Carbohydroacetic Acid If you talk about stability, then you you will clearly understand it is Directly proportional to what? +i Effect. The +i effect will increase Stability will increase. and inversely Proportional to what? -i effect. If If there will be an effect of plus minus then Stability will be reduced. Tell me is it clear? very simple c The thing is. Ok? It is a very simple thing. Another thing will come. You listened to it carefully. no doubt If it happens then please ask. It is a very simple thing. Ok? Second Free If you talk about radical then inductive We will talk from the point of view of the effect. Now the only other thing is that of free radicals If you talk, then it also helps in reducing free radicals Electron is a species. So in this too what is this? incomplete octet Is. Actually this is a bit tricky. which is free Sometimes radicals are electron rich It works. Sometimes deficiency also works He does. but the inductive effect is What will be the role here? So his role will be Here it will stabilize. So is an incomplete octet. So the electron We will consider it as deficient. As we move forward, its double nature will become apparent. It happens. Double nature in the sense that sometimes As an electron reach also works. as a Deficient also works. So like Reich It works. go there and take the effect It comes. We will discuss that further. If If possible we will do it in the basic series. Ok? If you talk here you will pay attention here Understand the matter from this. These are electron deficient It works like that. So if we talk about inductive If you will then what about the free radicals here Will there be a story? Inductive Effect Stability What will be the story of Off Radical? Stability There will be a story of off radical. it is Directly proper to +i group or +i Effect If you talk about the stability of radicals then What will happen? Directly proportional to +i Effect inversely proportional to -i Effect. -i effect. Whereas if you talk about carbon ions will you do it. The third thing would be your carbon ions of. Stability of carbanion. If you talk about carbon anion then carbon ion It has only electrons. There are three bonds, eight electrons. Ok? So there's three bonds, eight electrons, has a negative charge. that is an indication of Electron Reachness. So here if the matter If you do it then you will understand that this is Electron Reach Compound. electron reach compound and electron If it is a rich compound then it has more electrons There is abundance. This is Ambani of carbons If this is the Ambani of organic chemistry You will talk about this, Elon Musk, he is even more ahead If you talk about the world then this is Elon Musk If you compare this to Elon Musk, Go near him and tell him take it brother ₹100 and he will say What happens to ₹100, nothing happens to us If you take it then he will drive you away from here. If you give me ₹1000, he will do something for you It's not a big deal, you should talk about Ambani If you are talking about ₹100 then Ambani is ₹100 You are going to give it to Ambani, then you should understand will be chased away from there then the electron Reach him, you will be insulted by him. Although you are giving him money but his That would be an insult. Now pay attention to this Understand. So it is the same story. here if If someone donates an electron to it, then it It will be destabilized. he already has a lot has more electrons. is full of richness In that. So no one will give it any electron. If someone donates an electron then it will destabilize Will do it. if somebody pulls an electron from it He will ask for investment from him and his money Will increase the. So what will happen in that case? It will stabilize you. to withdrawing group what happen? Let's stabilize it. Anion what do you do? Withdrawing Group Let's stabilize it. So here the inductive What is the role of effects? Stability What is the role of carbon ion brother? plays a role in the stability of carbon ions Is. What is the role of inductive effect? It is directly proportional to what? -i effect. and inversely proportional to What? +i effect. Tell me what you understand Tell me what you understand I told you I understood the point -i effect Directly Proportional Like you will talk about cation simply here For example, you can understand the stability of cation Let's talk about what we said directly proportional to +i effect so here's a There are two 3 +i groups. So if we talk about +i group If you do, here are three. Ok? here at How many are there? One or two CH3 means 2 +i group. One CH3 means one +i group. and 0 CH3 Meaning 0 is +i group. So the number of +i groups There will be more electron deficient +i Increases group stability. So, as many +I The more the groups, the more stability It will be more. Ok? And the opposite will happen in anion. Anion is destabilised by +i group. so here If you see in this also then it is of +i group If you talk about it then there is 1 2 3 +i group. Here There is a two +i group. here a +i There is a group and here 0 +i is the group. So The one which has 0 + i groups is more stable hoga as compared to primary as compared to Secondary as compared to tertiary anion. These primary primary carbo y methyl It is a carbocation. is it primary or secondary Or tertiary. tertiary carbocation what about you It happens? It is more stable as compared to Two secondary edges compared to primary edges Compare to methyl then tertiary yours is more it happens as compared to secondary as compared to primary as compared to methyl cation If you talk about anion then methyl The anion is more stable as Compare to primary as compare to secondary as compared to tertiary why in tertiary Teeni +i groups are joining which will help him We are destabilizing it. Say what you understand Prashant Kishore ji is doing it. okay brother. And just like the effect of anion, It has an effect of acidity. of acidity if you will talk If you talk about acidity then in acidity What is the effect? what is acidity Is? It is AH. AH lost the proton. A- is made plus H+ is made. The more anion The more stable it becomes, the more the acidity will increase. Similarly the story will be similar to yours here. where are you? same story with your carbolic acid It will be. What will happen to carbolic acid? Proton will be last. carboxylate anion Will go. So whatever this anion will be, it will depend on who This group is attached here. if here +i Anion stability if group is attached Will reduce. What happens to acidity? Similar There is anion stability. Anion How is stability stabilized? Anion How to increase stability? -i from group It increases. Similarly, acidity increases. because acidity is directly Proportional to anion stability no. So What will the withdrawing effect do? to the acidity It will increase. If you understand the simple thing here So will you understand what the story will be? +i The group that will be the destabilized anion destabilized anion Anion and decreases acidity and the effect of -i would be That is stabilized anion. that is what stabilizes anion Stabilize Anion and increases acidic and increases acidic and increase acidic You understood it, tell me ok so if you talk about acidity Acidity is what is directly proportional to -i effect because anion stability it is directly Proportional to anion stability. Anion Stability and it is directly proportional to Electronegativity. it is directly Proportional to -i pay. Because Electronegativity is also directly related to -i It is proportional. and inversely Proportional to Inversely proportional to +i effect. Say what you understand inversely proportional to +i Ok ok like we'll talk about it here Look what is the first question here? the weak hydrogen you have is formic acid And you have acetic acid. so in both Who will have the highest acidity? More Who will have acidity? In both. So Will hydrogen have any effect? No. Will not apply any effect. CH3 has no Will you apply the effect? Yes +I on acidity What does the +I effect do? Inversley It is proportional. So the +I effect will increase. Acidity will reduce. Ok? Acidity Decrees. So what will be the acidity here? It will be less. then its acidity is high will go. Ok? Did you understand? Say. Look, what is the second question? If your Have a Compound Passé Simple Question Le I have been. exactly yours Those whose basics are clear, if they Even if I didn't see the question, this will still work. Correct Is? Those whose basics are weak, who want to start This has to be done for the one whose foundation has to be built this course. If you look here you will know CH3 what will he do? +i will apply the effect. and CH2Cl what will he do? -i will apply the effect. What will CH2Cl do? -i will apply the effect. So If you look between these two, its -i If there is an effect then its acidity will be higher. It is a very simple thing. Ok? as if Electron negativity will increase -i effect Will increase. So in that case you will see the third Look, what is the question? As one two three or four like iodine, There is bromine, there is chlorine, there is fluorine. So A lot of people get confused. The size factor that we applied in Iodine is larger in size. so Its acidity is high. such a confused It happens. But here HI, HCL, HBr, HF Not there. This is carbolic acid. F- anion cannot be formed in carboxylic acid Used to be. Cl- Br- anion is not formed. So We are not looking at its anion stability. X double bed OO- this anion is formed in it It is being made. So, there will be talk about it. There will be no talk about this. So, the size No factor is required. inductive effect Have to apply it. Did you understand? Inductive effect has to be applied. like here Will you talk about fluorine? If you talk about electronegativity, then Which has greater inductive effect? the one who has more electro negativity Inductive effect: more chlorine than bromine than iodine ok then fluorine will be your greater gift why fluorine gives more bromine than iodine because the electronegativities of fluorine if it is more then -i if it is more then -i end The electronegativity order is This is the -i and electronegativity order. Ok? Did you understand brother? Say. Ok? And If you talk about stability of radicals then What even is stability? an octet It is an incomplete compound. Such electrons is the deficient compound. So in that too after +i Accordingly stability will increase. So there are three of these it has, it has two, it has one and it has It is zero. So, how many are in it? 3 +i in this How many are there? 2 +i and there is one +i in it whose The more +i, the greater its stability. Very It will be a simple thing. okay brother? Is it clear? Say. Absolutely. so 3 2 1 0 what do you have Will you go? Who has more stability? will it pass? Directly proportional to +i will be. So if +i increases then stability will increase. Ok? We can take one or two more questions in this. Like we can take the one with additive nature. Look, you have a question number four. What is? You have a compound, understand it here But oh there is a group here understand Is it fluorine or chlorine or bromine? It could be iodine so here x is x is x is x x is x x x equal to what could be chlorine If chlorine, bromine, iodine is present then here You will understand what the story will be that the left What will you have if you go to the right? Withdrawing groups will increase. There are three -i groups. -i How many groups are there? There is a forest here. Here It's pay to. There are three here. and the -i group What do you do? Increases acidity. So If you increase the acidity then its acidity will increase It will be. If this happens then it is also chlorine It could be bromine, it could be fluorine It can also happen. Did you understand? Say. Anything can happen. Chlorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine anything It could be yours. Ok? so this is just preliminary Lecture on the Inductive Effect. about this Will there be further discussion? of the basics For me it seems so right. In this and Things also happen. There is a DNP rule. When competition increases, there are different rules Competition increases. But I'll tell you just the basics I want to give your approach. I will give you an exam I am not teaching for . Basic Idea I am giving it. I am getting the basics clear For your organic chemistry. You You can study organic chemistry. Ok? If the need is full then next class I will discuss this as well. Ok? thank you so much for attending Today's session. In today's lecture, we have discussed a lot Did everything. I have started Jupil. Start do. We will start it soon. Ok? Ok. So let us stop here for today. Thank you so much for attending this session. Read it carefully. Write it down well. The approach and the things that I am telling you are very This is very important. There will be many more of these going forward The reasons will explain you. Ok? Thank you so much for attending today's session. If you like it, please like and Share it with your friends who The foundation has to be made strong. Inorganic We already have lectures on chemistry I have completed it. you can check out Yes, and soon we will learn organic chemistry too. I will complete it. Ok? Thank you so much For attending today's session. Will meet In the next session. Jai Hind. thank you so Much.