so I think it's a good idea to start to get a look at the ideology behind the two most extremist parties in Nazi well in the environment II before it collapses and to see who really voted for these for these people and and really understand why this this rise in extremist parties really happened I think the first thing to really know is the 1932 elections so we actually have three different elections in 1932 okay well three different well he threw yeah three elections of the sort okay so in March 1932 Hitler challenged Hindenburg for the presidency okay so don't forget Hindenburg was an old Imperial World War one general so he was sort of seen as part of old Germany so parts of old Germany and you think that they wouldn't be very popular however he pretty was pretty popular because in this election Hitler did actually lose however it's not really a victory vandenberg since he gained 37 percent of the vote so his popularity was on the rise so he gained nearly half of the votes okay so for nearly 40% of all the people who voted voted for Hitler which is worrying and shows the rise of the Nazis popularity in May 1932 von Papen becomes Chancellor so Papen wanted to form a coalition with the Nazi Party and wanted to the reason why wants to perform coalition is he believed he believed he could control Hitler could control Hitler in the Reichstag okay in the Reich stug so he believed that he would have control over Hitler and having him as part of the government he would be able to sort of suppress some of the extremist ideas however negotiation failed and this triggered another election okay because it was a proportional system they had to get people on side okay otherwise there would be no majority and therefore nothing would ever get passed and so an election had to be called and the official election was in July of 1932 and the Nazis won 230 seats which equates to 37 percent of the vote so the percentage of people that the position of the vote that they got in the Reichstag was roughly equal to the percentage of people that voted for Hitler so their popularity was on the rise over a third of people wanted to support the Nazis and 230 C's was a significant number so with that being said we know from this statistics that the Nazis were very popular but why how can we explain why they were very popular what was the appeal of the Nazi Party why do people feel strongly drawn towards Nats ISM and there are really a few only only a few little ideas that that can be equated to the appeal of Nazism we can't really know definitively for sure why people vote everyone voted for the Nazis but we can make some very good guesses so they seem to offer a strong leadership Hitler was famously a very good speaker so Hitler was a good speaker a good speaker it was often said that he would be very slow at first and when it came to speaking he was very nervous he would trip over his words quite a lot however the longer the speech went on for the better he became and the more he he used his arms and he used his body language to really show passion for the politics that he is that he is creating and so this showed that he was a strong leader this so strong leadership okay they were very anti Marxist and very anti-communist and if you're somebody that doesn't believe in communism or Marxism or have been told that that was the reason why there's been economic downfall then you're gonna be supportive of the Nazi Party you have to also bear in mind that not long ago did Russia get taken over by their Communist Party by the Bolsheviks and there was a revolution the year before the German Revolution so the idea of communism becoming the idea of Germany becoming a communist state wasn't something that was so far removed from reality that it would never happen it's something that could in theory have happened okay they also promoted traditional values so we talked about how Hindenburg was a definitely a traditionalist of old Germany well Hitler and the Nazi Party supported more so these sort of old traditional values they saw that they saw it was a good idea to promote the idea of old Germany because they know that there are some percentage of the population that a reminiscent of the the way Germany used to be run okay they claim to protect workers rights and labor law this was a huge one so in reality this isn't true in reality they abolished trade unions as soon as they could and they abolished freedom of the press and that and conscription was introduced so this technically isn't so this isn't true this isn't true but they said that it was true okay they told people that that was what they were doing they were protecting workers rights and the workers of the world are the ones that should hold the power which I saw a Marxist idea however that's why we get the idea the nazi party was called the National Socialist Party because socialism was and still is a more of a left-wing idea however the Nazi Party was a far-right party and that's because they claimed to be protecting of workers rights and in reality they didn't their anti-semitism gave someone to blame for all the problems going on in Germany so Germany had been despite the Golden Age of Omar Germany had a number of problems that had happened so we have World War one was the first was the catalyst and then we have the Treaty of Versailles okay of Versailles that people hated we then get hyperinflation which means everyone poor and made the the Reich mark pretty much pretty much useless and then we have and then we have the wall street crash so we have a number of problems that happened throughout Germany in the last 20 or so years and people like to have somebody to blame people like the idea people general society don't like the idea of something being a problem being not the fault of someone something like the wall street crash was the fault of people it was not the fault of anyone who's from Germany so this didn't go down well in the minds of Germans and German citizens because they wanted somebody to blame they didn't want it to just be an accident that happened to come across badly for them so anti-semitism was a brilliant way of doing that they could find finally work out and they could argue that it was the Jews that did this did you cause these problems therefore they says it sets division within society and it's grouped people together and the largest group became the Nazi Party and Nazi voters and speaking of Nazi voters who actually voted for the Nazis okay so who voted for them here the claim that the NSDAP was a Volk party Volk being the German word for people's okay the People's Party and Volk comes up quite a lot the idea of a a people's community how your you don't work for yourself you work for the society you work for the people okay and that we'll get into that in when the NASA's are finally taken over in 1934 and we talk about their social ideas their social policies so large numbers of workers who voted for the Nazis most of the SA were working-class okay so at large people who were workers vote for the Nazis and that's because they believed that the Nazis protected workers rights and labor laws which they in reality they welcomed not to do okay they also had support in very rural areas okay there was great support in cities in the south as well some rural areas so by rural areas we're talking about more poverty-stricken so rural areas get less money and this again ties into the idea that nobody wants the the reason for their for their having no money no one wants it to be just bad luck or something like that they want somebody to blame for them having no money and they don't like and people generally in psychology don't like the idea of blaming themselves it's very hard to blame yourself for something especially when it's something that would affect and you're a family so what's the best way of doing it you blame somebody else you blame a group of people you you incite racism and hatred and that's what the Nazis did and they were very good at doing nasty voters were also more likely to be Protestant only slightly more lied to be Protestant it was not a specific there's not really a specific reason reasoning why just more like to be Protestant the vast majority of young time voters cast their ballot for the Nazi Party now this is very important the younger generation so the younger generation and the younger generation were most affected by the younger generation were most affected by Versailles so most affected by most affected by we've got Versailles okay World War one a lot of people lost their lives in World War one a lot of friends of theirs lost their lives in World War one okay hyperinflation hyperinflation and then the crash which led to unemployment don't forget unemployment don't forget the the percentage of the vast majority of unemployed people were under under 28 the age of 28 years old so we see why these people all these people all these events and this and the result of these events have were disproportionately against younger younger voters so they voted for the Nazi Party okay and then it was generally men who were more likely to vote for the Nazis than women and that's a general trend that we see in society today some reason there are obviously psychological and sociological studies on this but generally men men are more likely are more likely to be extremists dream is that women there's countless factors that would that would cause this interesting statistic but in general men are more likely to vote for extremist parties or vote for a stream of things than women okay so that's what we see here what about the appeal of communism because we have an appeal of Nazism on one side there was also no appeal of communism don't forget cutting the Communists party also grew a membership okay so many of Germans had turns the KPD in 1929 and this was because of the six million unemployed workers following the crash now whereas NASA's own claim to protect workers rights the communism communism was essentially built around the worker so communism communism was built on the ideas of the worker okay of the worker it's a very very popular Marxist idea that sometimes miss quoted and misunderstood but the general popular Marxist idea of alienation the idea that you're you as a worker are alienated from your labor almost like separated from obviously it's more complicated than that in Marx because mark says never is never just straightforward it's always complicated but these ideas are definitely communist ideas this is why people seem to make the argument sometimes that there was actually quite a close connection between Nats ISM and communism in terms of protection of workers rights however the difference was the Nazi Party only claimed to protect workers rights they didn't want strong trade unions and they didn't want strong labor law protections and they did not want the means of production to be in the hands of the workers this was all communist ideas and and that's not me saying communism is better in any way I'm just saying that's the ideas of communism which seem to be a little bit more clear than the ideas of Nats ISM in this period of time because Nazi Party didn't want the idea they weren't ever gonna tell people that they were gonna abolish trade unions for example so we that is why that's why we see it's a little bit on Claire this is the kitty membership grew from 117 thousand in 1929 to 360 thousand in 1932 so as nice a big increase in numbers for the KPD which is very interesting however the great support for the Creek a PD created middle-class fear and thirst increased the support for the Nazi Party okay there was still a fear of communism so a fear of communism and this is because it's a lot easier to fear something that has already existed so if you think about it the German Germans and people members of German society most of them were alive and around during the time of the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917 okay and they instigate and the creation of the Soviet Union and so they feared the same thing happening in Germany however the idea of Nats ISM hasn't really existed in in the world and the Nazi Party is relatively new obviously there have been right-wing parties in the past but this sort of idea the idea of Hitler the idea of this this was something relatively new so people in the middle class tended to fear the support that the Communist Party and so therefore even though they might not necessarily have had the same aligning of ideas as Hitler in the Nazi Party they voted for the Nazis as a sort of way to tactically vote for the Nazis to stop communism from spreading so we can really see the sort of socio-economic situation that's happening in the early 30s and especially in 1932 and why people started to have the appeal of the Nazi Party in the appeal of communism and who exactly voted for for each of these ideals okay so in the narrative we're gonna have a look at this of the probably the things that the event story that took place as Hitler began to seize control and vomer Germany began to collapse