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Planet Moons Overview

Jul 9, 2025

Overview

This lecture discussed the number of moons around each planet, clarified common misconceptions, and explained why the count for outer planets is uncertain.

Moons of the Terrestrial Planets

  • Mercury has zero moons.
  • Venus has zero moons.
  • Earth has one moon.
  • Mars has two moons.
  • Terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) have few or no moons.

Moons of the Jovian Planets

  • Jupiter has at least 68 confirmed moons; the exact number is unknown and keeps increasing.
  • Saturn has at least 50 confirmed moons.
  • Uranus has at least 20 confirmed moons.
  • Neptune has at least 10-20 confirmed moons.
  • Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) have many moons—often dozens or more.

Why the Moon Counts Are Uncertain

  • Distant planets are harder to observe, making their moons harder to detect.
  • Many moons around Jovian planets are much smaller than Earth's moon.
  • The farther a planet is, the less certain we are of its exact moon count; more may be discovered.

Common Student Mistakes

  • Students often mistakenly think Venus has one moon; only Earth does.
  • Venus has no moons—a fact often confused on tests.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Terrestrial planets — Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars; rocky and have few or no moons.
  • Jovian planets — Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune; gas giants with many moons.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review the number of moons for each planet.
  • Remember: Only Earth among the terrestrial planets has one moon.
  • Prepare for questions about planet moons on upcoming tests.