The "NEW" South [APUSH Review Unit 6 Topic 4] Period 6: 1865-1898

Introduction

• Overview of the push for industrialization in the South post-Civil War.
• The concept of the "New South" was coined by Henry Grady.
• Comparison with the North's industrial advancements.

The New South

• Aimed to transform the Southern economy from agrarian to industrial.
• Despite efforts, the economy largely remained agricultural.
• Sharecropping emerged as a dominant labor system, often compared to a new form of slavery.

Key Events and Concepts

• Compromise of 1877: Ended Reconstruction and led to the removal of federal troops from the South.
  • Consequences included the beginning of segregation and disenfranchisement of Black citizens.
• Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): Supreme Court decision that upheld racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine.
  • Legitimized Jim Crow laws, leading to widespread discrimination.

Important Figures and Movements

• Ida B. Wells: Journalist and anti-lynching crusader who fled to the North after receiving death threats.
• Henry Turner: Founded the International Migration Society, aiming to help African Americans migrate to Africa; initiative was ultimately unsustainable.
• Booker T. Washington: Advocated for economic advancement over political equality for African Americans.

Resistance and Social Impact

• Many gains from Reconstruction were reversed, with African Americans losing the right to serve in office and facing unjust legal proceedings.
• Lynching and racial violence were prevalent during this period.
• Resistance efforts included advocacy and journalism to combat racial injustices.