Overview
This lecture explains the two main types of computer software—application software and system software—and describes their functions and examples.
Computer Software Overview
- Computer software is a set of instructions telling computer hardware what to do, when, and how.
- Without software, a computer cannot function.
Types of Software
- Software is divided into application software and system software.
Application Software
- Application software helps users perform specific tasks.
- Word processing software (MS Word, WordPad, Notepad) is used to create documents like letters and reports.
- Database software (Oracle, MS Access) stores data and performs operations on it.
- Spreadsheet software (Microsoft Excel) organizes data, performs calculations, and creates charts and graphs.
- Presentation software (Microsoft PowerPoint) displays information using slides.
- Internet browsers (Google Chrome, Firefox, Safari) are used to access the internet.
System Software
- System software controls computer hardware and supports application software.
- System software consists of operating system software and utility software.
Operating System Software
- An operating system (OS) acts as an interface between user and hardware.
- Popular desktop OS: Microsoft Windows (by Microsoft, founded by Bill Gates), Mac OS (by Apple, founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak), and Linux (free OS developed by Linus Torvalds).
- Microsoft Windows has many different versions and is widely used.
- Mac OS runs on all Macintosh computers.
- Linux can be downloaded free from the internet.
- Mobile OS: Android (common on phones and tablets) and Apple iOS (used on iPhone and iPad).
Utility Software
- Utility software analyzes, configures, optimizes, and maintains the computer.
- Examples include anti-virus software, backup software, disk compression tools, and file managers.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Computer Software — a set of instructions guiding computer hardware.
- Application Software — programs for specific user tasks (e.g., word processors, spreadsheets).
- System Software — programs controlling hardware and creating a platform for application software.
- Operating System — interface between user and computer hardware (e.g., Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android, iOS).
- Utility Software — tools for maintenance and optimization (e.g., anti-virus, backup tools).
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review the differences and examples of application and system software.
- Practice categorizing different software as application or system software.