Aloha and welcome in this module module 6 we'll be talking about supporting i o devices so this is part one CompTIA a plus core one 210-1 1101 so the module objectives here are by the end we're going to be able to describe the general approach technicians use to install and support i o devices we're going to install and configure several i o devices such as mice keyboards webcams microphones touch screens and Display Devices we're going to install and configure adapter cards we're going to support the video subsystem including selecting a monitor and video card and supporting dual monitors and we'll also troubleshoot common problems with i o devices so the basic principles for supporting i o devices i o or storage devices may be internal or they may be external these print basic principles apply to both of them so every device is controlled by software the best guide for installation support of a devices the manufacturers instructions some devices need application software to use with the device uh devices no faster than the port or slot is designed to use you should use an administrator account in Windows problems are sometimes solved by updating drivers or firmware and install only install only one device at a time so wired and wireless connection standards used by peripheral devices we're not going to go into it here you've got table 6.1 for a data transmission speeds for all the different types you'll probably need to know that for the a plus exam um yeah it's also when deciding which connection standard to use for a new device the speed of the transmission standard is often a tiebreaker that goes without saying but I go over table six one for the different speeds that you're going to need to know uh then the connectors and ports used by peripheral peripheral devices USB connections and ports you can have as many as 127 USB devices that can be Daisy chained together and for the love of God do not do that um I've never ever seen anything like that that would be quite insane but you can technically do that USB uses serial transmissions and devices are hot swappable that means that you can plug them in and unplug them without having to reboot your computer a USB cable has four wires two of them are for power and two of them are for communications uh when it comes to the different USBS uh standards we have usb4 we have super speed plus Super Speed high speed and original USB logos that appear on the different products are certified by the USB forum and if you think that's confusing it is so video connectors and ports uh video ports are provided by a video card or the motherboard um used to be that uh before you would have everything integrated on another board you'd be buying separate uh cards for everything now you've got a lot of that that's already integrated into the motherboard there's not a whole lot to buy outside of that um generally these aren't the types of computers we're going to be using uh for uh gaming systems we usually want something that's kind of bare bones we don't need a lot of functionality on there maybe the network but that's about it the rest we kind of want to have uh you know especially the video card we want to be able to control that um so video cards are sometimes called graphic adapters graphic cards display cards display adapters um most motherboards sold today have one or more Onboard video ports the types of video ports can include VGA DVI DisplayPort and HDMI connectors so here you have in the Bios bios or the UEFI setup you can go ahead and enable or disable those ports so if you enable it or disable it here remember that it'll also be so if you disable something here you're not going to have access to it in the operating system additional connectors and ports we've got Thunderbolt it's a multi-purpose connector used for high-end displays external storage devices and to charge power for smartphones and laptops you've got the e-sata port that we've talked about previously those are using for connecting used for connecting external storage devices to a computer you've got the lightning connector which is uh specific to um apple and I just happen to have one right here in front of me it goes USB to a lightning connector we have the old old rs-232 connectors that have been primarily replaced by USB I don't think you'll see those around anywhere I had one years and years ago but I haven't seen those forever uh this here is an eSATA connection that's used to connect external storage devices to a computer so you can see that uh if you take a look at the device you can see the slotting for SATA on there uh then we're going to go ahead and continue on uh simple input devices mouse and keyboard can be controlled by the BIOS UEFI or have embedded drivers built into the OS General procedures to install any peripheral device first read the manufacturer's directions they will have anything that may be peculiar to their devices make sure the drivers are written for the OS you are using make sure the motherboard port you're using is enabled if it's not again you're not going to have access to that in Windows you want to install drivers or plug in the device you want to install the application software to use the device this is something that's not as necessary for things like mice and keyboard but if you have something special like I use Logitech uh special MX can't see it MX keyboard these I do want to have the special functionality thrown in there as well as the mouse too I've got a MX Mouse so I do have the application software installed but in general if you just got a standard from the manufacturer wired or wireless keyboard you're not going to need a whole lot of extra functionality there with the application software um so the next thing is plug a mouse or keyboard into a USB port and windows should automatically recognize it and install generic drivers so older PS2 ports are not hot pluggable so you must restart Windows after plugging into this type of Port again if you're using a system with PS2 ports you're using a PS2 keyboard wow I can't imagine the environment you're working in I own a couple of these still but these are just for Museum real Relic kind of uh purposes I use it because I have an old old system that needs to use a three and a half inch and a five and a quarter inch floppy ask me someday what those things are um but that's the only reason why I have anything PS2 remaining for keyboards with special features install the drivers that came with the keyboard like I said my MX keyboard here I do have extended drivers to take our extended uh software to take to make use of a lot of the different functionality on here uh special programming and things like that um so use the device manager to an uninstall disable and enable most devices USB devices are managed to the apps and features window um replace the keyboard and touch pad in a laptop why not um power down the laptop and remove the AC adapter and battery pack so you don't get shocked remove the screws on the bottom of the laptop remove the lid on the bottom of the laptop to expose the keyboard ribbon cable then you're going to turn the laptop over and open the lid you're going to use a spudger which is uh like a little spatula almost that you use in the kitchen to pry the keyboard bezel away from the case you're going to lift the keyboard bezel from the case then you're going to replace the keyboard following the steps in reverse order so this is what a spudger looks like it looks like a little uh frosting uh tool that you use in the kitchen so you use that to get in between the two and to pry them open without hurting it so webcams a webcam or web camera is embedded in most laptops and can also be installed as a peripheral device using a USB port or some other Port if you ever do have a webcam that's internal that goes bad you can use a an external USB to give yourself that functionality back first install the software and then plug in the webcam to a USB port a webcam comes with a built-in microphone usually you can also use the microphone port on the computer if you prefer most software for using a webcam and microphone allows you to select these input devices a graphics table or a graphics tablet is sometimes called a digitizing tablet or digitizer which is used to hand draw it is likely to connect using a USB port and comes with a stylus like a pencil that works like a you know works like a pencil on the tablet and controls the pointer on the screen so you can install the graphics tablet the same way you do other USB devices and you're going to install any additional software that might be bundled with that device so now we're going to do a Quick Knowledge check your manager bought a new printer with a USB 3.0 port and it came with a USB 3.0 cable your manager asks if it will work if they connected to the printer's USB cable if they plug that into a USB 2 port on their computer what is your answer it's going to be a no the printer can only use a USB 3.0 Port that's not it because these are backwards compatible yes it will work but at the USB 20 speed I believe that is correct um then three yes it'll work at the USB 3.0 speed this is not correct you're always going to be limited by the slower of the two and yes it will work but if the USB 1.1 speed why in the lava God would it do that if you had USB 3 and USB 2 so this is not correct either and yes it was B uh the connection can only function at the lowest speed in the connection so continuing on installing and configuring adapter cards when preparing to install an adapter card do the following verify that the card fits into the empty expansion slot verify that the device drivers for the OS are available backup important data that is not already backed up and know your starting point it's kind of scary that it says back up important data at this point because if you're installing a card and it messes up the system bad enough that you can't even access the hard drive things have gone very wrong my friend so uh continuing on General directions to install an adapter card read the documentation for the card if we're placing an onboard Port disable the port in the Bios UEFI setup uh wearing electrostatic uh strap shut down the computer unplug the power cords and drain the power out uh so the general directions to install an adapter card locate the slots that you plan to use and remove the face plate cover from from the slot insert the card into the slot and anchor the card to the top of the slot with the screws connect any power cords or data cables that need to be put on it especially video cards if you need to put an extra power cord on there replace the case cover plug in any essential peripherals start the system Windows should detect a new hardware device and attempt to automatically install the drivers if a CD came with the device insert and run the setup program if you don't know what a CD is not many people these do these days do DD is one of those Round Disc looking things that people don't use anymore because they just directly download the software from the site or install it using a USB flash drive um and you may also have to restart the system after doing this here is a picture of a um pcie Power connector that goes onto a card that's been installed so sound cards and onboard sound a sound card or an onboard sound uh can play and record sound and save it in a file uh that's a very rudimentary explanation color-coded speaker ports are for speakers and subwoofers ports may also be available to connect to external sound equipment such as CD or DVD players again um if you need to know what a CD or DVD player is we have museums that you can go to and see these kinds of things capture cards this is something uh that I actually use in various forms a capture card is a peripheral device or an expansion card that's used to record and stream content from an external device such as a gaming console or a webcam I have one that allows me to pull in video for uh dslrs so I can have that piped in as another window and it goes from uh that into a USB port so those are very convenient I think I've got an Elgato uh camera connect camera link I think it's called some capture cards use a pcie port on the motherboard another type of capture card is a peripheral device that connects to the computer using a USB USBC or a thunderbolt Thunderbolt Port like the one I just mentioned the Elgato some capture cards also offer ports for input from a microphone and output to a headset after installing a capture card you can download and use a proprietary software that comes with a card or you can use third-party software there's a lot of uh free uh third-party software out there that can make use of a lot of these things so replacing expansion cards on a laptop uh newer laptops are likely to use the mini PCI Express slots the many pcies they've got 52 pins on the edge connector for many laptops remove the cover on the bottom of the laptop to expose the expansion cards then for uh cards that have an antenna on it be sure to remove the black and gray antenna wires before replacing the card else you're going to be ruining it so use the device manager to ensure that the device is prop is working properly after you install it and this is an image of one of those mini PCI Express cards you've got to remove that screw on it first before you take it off and you'll notice here that you've got the um the antenna that goes to the uh the chassis there so you're gonna have to undo that too you're gonna have to disconnect that before you get it out then after you've gotten the screw out it's gonna you're gonna lift it up and you're just going to pull it out of the slot so supporting the video subsystem a monitor is the primary output device of a computer I think anybody that's ever used a computer understands that I don't really think this is something we need to say two necessary components for video output are the Monitor and the video card also called the video adapter or graphics card as we talked about earlier or a video port on the motherboard so types of monitors include the following we've got LCD the liquid crystal display monitor also called a flat panel monitor which was first used in the laptops at the center of uh layer at the center of layers is liquid Crystal material the layers are sandwiched between two grids of electrodes that form columns and rows and each intersection of row and column forms what we call pixel so we're going to have a good graph of that coming up next we also have OLED which is organic light emitting diodes and that's type monitor that uses a thin LED light emitting diode layer or a film between two grids of electrodes and does not use backbiting that's an advantage and then you have digital projectors and those shine lights uh uh those shine light basically it projects a transparent image onto a large screen so you can use it on a screen a wall something like that and here is a very complex example of the layers of an LCD panel and if you ever have to repair one of these things good luck it's uh not a lot of fun I had to work on an HP laptop once that had a backlighting source that was uh damaged and I ended up giving up on it it was so bad but uh you've got the backlight you've got the polarizer the glass the column electrodes color layer Liquid Crystal layer the row electrodes the glass the polarizer uh there's just a lot to it and you can see over here in the graphic that a pixel is formed by the intersection of the row and the column electrodes so changing monitor settings uh settings that apply to the monitor can be managed by using the monitor buttons function keys on a keyboard and windows utilities using the monitor buttons you can do the following adjust the horizontal and vertical position of the screen change the brightness and contrast settings there's often like a degaussing button on there it just depends on the uh the manufacturer and the make of your uh your monitor as to what you have access to there but there's a lot of controls that you can use on laptops function keys are usually used instead of buttons and windows utilities can also be used to change your monitor settings as well so when you're troubleshooting i o devices when troubleshooting peripheral devices always try the least invasive and least expensive solution first this section is going to cover how to handle some of the areas and problems you might encounter and first we've got the simplest of everything num lock indicator light so when users complain that they can't sign into Windows even when entering the correct password ask them to make sure the num lock key is set correctly so laptops use this key or uh to toggle between the keys interpreters letters and numbers uh most laptops have an unlock indicator light near the keyboard This reminds me of a couple of jokes about users that are probably not that nice but we also call that a pepcat error you spell out pepcac it means problem exists between keyboard and chair there's also the id10t error and if you write that out you'll understand what that means uh so the device manager is a handy dandy utility that I've used forever device manager is usually a good place to start troubleshooting Hardware that's not working properly to see a device's property uh properties you can look in the dialog box you right click the device you click on properties you can update your drivers through there you can click on the upgrade update driver on the general tab or driver tab if driver update creates the problem you can roll them back as well uh try to uninstall the device and reinstall it by clicking on install on the driver tab you can also locate and download the latest drivers from the manufacturer and install them directly or you can do it from the tabs here and this is uh what the device manager looks like those little or a little yellow exclamation marks there that means something is not right and if you go and look in general it'll say under device status you can get a good idea of what's going on there are no compatible drivers for this device and you may see some of this stuff happen if you take an old device that worked uh pre-windows 10 or pre you know Windows whatever and now in your new windows version they don't have uh device drivers that support it you can come across that on occasion audio issues when you're having audio issues try the following make sure the volume is turned up that's a no-brainer that's step one then you check all the audio cables Jacks speakers and headphone connections again more common sense and the last thing is update the audio drivers it could be that you have bad drivers installed uh when you're troubleshooting videos monitors and projectors for Monitor and video problems try doing the easy things first such as checking the cable connections and checking contrast brightness adjustments I've actually seen it where people had their contrast turned down so or their brightness turned down so low they couldn't see the screen once they adjusted that they were able to see their screen just like normal you have to go all the way down to have that problem though so that's a rare thing but I've seen it actually happen um try the following steps when dealing with a blurry screen clean the screen with an electronic safe cleaning wipe or cloth you can also set your monitor resolution to its native or recommended resolution and you should check your cable connections as well uh the problems with video card installations when you first power up the system you hear a whining sound in that kind of case uh look and see if your your card's got enough power you may not have a power supply that's adequate we talked about that in the power supply section making sure that you've got enough wattage uh to handle all your devices inside um when you first start the system you see nothing but a black screen well for that most likely caused by the Onboard video Port not being disabled in BIOS ufi UEFI so go in there disable your Onboard video so it's going to be using your uh your card that you're put in there so when you first start up the system you hear a series of beeps that could be that UEFI bios cannot detect the video card at all so try resetting it unseat it and plug it back in see if that helps and go check out your uh you know hopefully it won't be for anything but if not then uh yeah you need to move on to the next step um error messages about the video appear when Windows starts so it could be that you've got a conflict with the Onboard video Port so try disabling that and see if that helps so in a situation where your monitor indicator light is not on and you've got no image on the screen ask these questions and try these things and I'm serious is the monitor power cable plugged in so is it plugged in uh is it turned on uh in the in that order uh and that those are serious uh pepcat errors uh is the monitor cable plugged into the video port at the back of the PC and the last thing is try a different Monitor and a different monitor cable and if you find out like by trying a different monitor with the same cabling uh then that means your monitor is probably the problem if uh you try it and it works then you know obviously uh you know you've got another issue there so uh or wait if you're if you try a different monitor with same cabling your uh Monitor and it works your monitor is you know okay if that monitor doesn't work it could be your cabling so yeah you're gonna have to go through step by step and eliminate what it could be there uh so in a case where your monitor indicator light is on and you've got no image on the screen so uh the following or the what you should try make sure the video cable is securely connected confirm that the video input source is set to the correct connector ensure that the monitor is set to the correct voltage I've never actually had to do that before but uh that could possibly be it 110 versus 220. I really don't think you're going to find many cases where that is necessary uh there might be a conflict with the video card and the Onboard video Port uh verify that the video cable connection in uh verify it inside the case uh check the contrast adjustment or the brightness or back light adjustment as I mentioned earlier that could in extreme cases be the problem and then test the monitor that you know is good on the computer that you suspect is bad so if you try another monitor on there and it works then you know that uh yeah your monitor is an issue so uh in a situation where your screen goes blank for 30 seconds or one minute after the keyboard is left untouched obviously we're talking about power energy saver mode stuff here so if the keyboard is a green motherboard and uh is being used with an energy saver monitor it can be configured to go into standby or sleep mode after a period of inactivity so this feature can help prevent burn-in burn is when B you have pretty much the same image on your screen all the time and it starts to burn into the LCD itself to prevent that you've got in the old days we use a lot of screen savers things like that now we just go into a sleep mode where we darken out the screen so um use the power options applet in control panel to configure the Sleep settings on a computer you can set it for all different types of situations when you're on battery power not on battery power uh in the case of a laptop and there's other options in there as well um if you've got a poor display solve these problems by using controls on the Monitor and windows settings LCD monitor controls are usually located on front of the monitor Windows window windows display settings can be used to adjust the font size the screen resolution brightness color and clear type text you can update the video drivers you might have dead pixels dead pixels or pixels that aren't working they come up as little black spots in the image you can have dim image so laptops dim the LCD screen when the computer is running on battery also if you've got backlight issues going on that happens for display might be caused by inadequate video RAM as well um in this in the case that you can't connect to external monitor or projector make sure the monitor projector is getting power that's given check the connection at both ends of the video cable this is sounding like a lot of the other things we've done the troubleshooting is very similar for these as well um is the monitor projector turned on that's a that's also important again that's a pepcac error use the function keys on a laptop to toggle between the laptop display and the external monitor projector to see if the laptop is working okay and then you know try getting the external monitor projector to work as well uh try using a different video cable sometimes you might have a bad cable or just one that doesn't work with that particular uh projector another he can do is try using a different Video Connection uh if the projector shuts off unexpectedly it might have entered sleep mode due to an inactivity that happens a lot you can set your sleep mode a little bit differently have it go off after you know or you know you can even set it to not go off at all so that could help so video systems in a laptop if the LCD panel shows a black screen but the power light is on try the following First Look for an LCD cutoff switch or button on the laptop you can try to use a video port on the laptop to connect to an external monitor see if that works if the external monitor does work then the problem is with the LCD panel assembly you're going to need to probably replace the inverter or the LCD panel itself so if you've got in your laptop flickering dim or otherwise poor video some tips to solve the problems with bad video include following verify that windows display settings make sure that your resolution everything is okay um your refresh rates things like that adjust the brightness update your video drivers for it if the cursor drifts on the screen when the mouse or touchpad isn't being used try using a different port on the computer or replacing the batteries in the mouse because that can have it slowly slowly slowly moving and that can yeah cause some uh weirdness so a flickering screen can be caused by Bad video drivers as well a low refresh rate or a bad inverter or loose connections inside the laptop as well so you can go about checking into each of those in turn but start with the easiest first and then move to the more difficult so now we're going to have our uh our last knowledge check here so our knowledge check you plug a new scanner into a USB port on your Windows system when you first turn on the scanner what should you expect to see so a couple key things here USB what do we know about usb they're hot swappable they don't require a restart right so let's look a message is displayed by the scanner software telling you to reboot your system as I just mentioned hot swap bolt don't have to reboot so that's probably not the correct answer second one is Windows device setup launches to install drivers that sounds like a winner to me see your system automatically reboots that shouldn't happen uh and D an error message from the USB controller is displayed hopefully this doesn't happen I would say our answer here should be b in a perfect world and indeed B is our answer Windows device setup launches to install drivers Windows tries to install the device using embedded drivers so in summary now the lesson is ended you should be able to describe the general approach technicians use to install and support i o devices you should be able to install and configure several i o devices such as mice keyboards webcams microphones touch screens and Display Devices you should be able to install and configure adapter cards you should be able to support the video subsystem including selecting a monitor and video card and supporting dual monitors and you should be able to troubleshoot common problems with i o devices so that concludes our lesson here again I skipped some of the uh information early on in the beginning uh if you have any questions about any of this material feel free to contact me send me an email and I'd be happy to go over with you uh in uh that being said I will see you in our next lesson have a great day