The Harlem Renaissance: What Was It, and Why Does It Matter?

Introduction

• Lecture by Professor Cary D. Wintz, expert on the Harlem Renaissance and African American political thought.
• Discusses the origins, nature, and impact of the Harlem Renaissance.

What was the Harlem Renaissance and When Did It Begin?

• Known as the New Negro Renaissance or Jazz Age among other names.
• Initially seen as a literary movement centered in Harlem.
• Now recognized as a national movement with international cultural connections.

Origins and Timeline

• Literary Movement: Emerged from a Civic Club Dinner in March 21, 1924, organized by Charles S. Johnson.
  • Significant figures: W.E.B. Du Bois, James Weldon Johnson, Alain Locke.
  • Event led to "Harlem: Mecca of the New Negro" publication in Survey Graphic.
• Musical Theater: Initiated by Shuffle Along in 1921, a Broadway hit by Eubie Blake and Noble Sissle.
  • Introduced jazz to Broadway and influenced Harlem nightlife.

Cultural Aspects

• Music: Jazz and blues were central; spread from southern cities to New York.
• Visual Arts: Emerged later, notable contributions by Aaron Douglas.
• Literature: Strong emphasis on representing African American experiences, race, and heritage.

Geographic and Social Context

• Harlem, Manhattan: Central to the Renaissance but not the only location.
• Transformation from a wealthy neighborhood to a predominantly African American community by 1930.
• Served as a cultural and intellectual hub.

Key Themes and Influences

• African Heritage: Emphasis on reconnecting with African roots.
• Southern Roots: Exploration of rural southern life.
• Urban Experience: Representation of life in Harlem and urban settings.
• Race and Identity: Exploration of racial issues and African American identity.

Impact and Legacy

• Transformed literature, music, theater, and art.
• Challenged racial stereotypes and traditional art forms.
• Left a lasting impact on American culture and arts.

Conclusion

• The Harlem Renaissance was a pivotal cultural and intellectual movement for African American society.
• Despite its end in the mid-1930s, its influence persists in arts and culture.