Long division is a method to solve division problems involving large numbers by breaking them into series of basic division steps, unlike basic division using the multiplication table.
Recommended to watch the basic division video before this lesson for better understanding.
Example Problem: 936 divided by 4.
Long Division Process
Digit-by-Digit Approach: Break the problem into smaller steps by dividing each digit one at a time from left to right (opposite of addition/multiplication).
Example: 936 ÷ 4
First Step: Divide 9 (first digit) by 4.
2 times 4 is 8, remainder 1.
The answer digit (2) is placed above the 9.
Second Step: Bring down a copy of the next digit, 3, to make 13.
3 times 4 is 12, remainder 1.
Place 3 above the 3.
Third Step: Bring down the last digit, 6, to create 16.
4 times 4 is 16, remainder 0.
Place 4 above the 6.
Result: 936 ÷ 4 = 234.
Additional Examples
72 ÷ 8: Single-step division, result is 9.
72 ÷ 3: Two-step division process:
Divide 7 by 3, get 2, remainder 1.
Bring down 2, make 12, divide by 3 to get 4.
Result: 72 ÷ 3 = 24.
315,270 ÷ 5:
Demonstrates a more complex long division problem.
Final result: 63,054.
Tips for Long Division
Memorize Multiplication Table: Essential for efficient division.
Write Neatly: Keeps columns lined up and avoids mistakes.
Start Small: Practice with smaller dividends first.
Check Answers: Use a calculator to verify and learn from mistakes.
Conclusion
Long division is complex but manageable with practice.
Stay organized and practice regularly to become proficient.