Lecture on Climate Change and Woolly Mammoths

Introduction

• Climate change poses a significant threat to human existence.
• Dr. George Church proposes a novel solution by using DNA from extinct woolly mammoths.

Dr. George Church's Proposal

• Colossal Biosciences: Genetic engineering firm working to resurrect the woolly mammoth.
• Aim: Save animals on the brink of extinction and improve the environment.
• Process: Engineering cold-tolerant elephants through DNA modification.

How Mammoths Combat Climate Change

• Arctic Methane Concerns: Mammoths could help keep carbon in the ground by maintaining permafrost.
• Role of Mammoths:
  • Stomp down snow to allow cold winds to maintain permafrost.
  • Knock down trees to restore grasslands.
• Elephants are among the few animals that can knock down trees, aiding in ecosystem restoration.

Counterarguments

• Dr. Ross McY: American Museum of Natural History
  • Skeptical about the practicality of resurrecting extinct species.
  • Emphasizes importance of focusing on current endangered species.
• Challenges:
  • Mammoths require a significant amount of food (300 lb daily).
  • Practicality concerns around having large animals in modern environments.

Technical Challenges in Resurrecting Mammoths

• Genetic Engineering:
  • Woolly mammoth and Asian elephant are closely related, allowing for genetic compatibility.
  • Creation of a hybrid species possible through advanced genetic tools.
• Current Status:
  • Resurrection potential by 2028.
  • Present developments involve engineered elephant cells.

Conclusion

• Bringing back woolly mammoths as a climate solution is unconventional and controversial.
• Alternatives like carpooling suggested humorously as less desirable options.
• The idea remains a futuristic ambition with ongoing research and development.