are you preparing to take the TMC exam or do you just need some extra practice when it comes to learning about pulmonary function testing if so you will find 35 practice questions in the exact format of the ones you'll see on the actual TNC exam all covering the topic of pulmonary function testing each question contains the correct answer along with a detailed rationale explaining why that answer is correct this is definitely one of the most important sections of the TMC exam with that being said this information is definitely not easy for most students this is not a reason to panic it just means that you should certainly invest a lot of your time learning concepts of pulmonary function testing the good thing is the practice questions can help you do just that so if you're ready to boost your knowledge of PFTS and increase your chances of passing the TMC exam let's go ahead and dive right in one after reviewing the results of a patient's pulmonary function tests you note that the FEV1 FVC and total lung capacity are all reduced the FEV1 to FVC ratio is normal what is the interpretation based on these findings a restrictive lung disease b obstructive lung disease c combined obstructive restrictive lung disease d the test is invalid the correct answer is A restrictive lung disease this is your typical PFT interpretation question you will see a few of these on the TMC exam and to get them right you must understand what each value means in regards to knowing the difference between an obstructive and restrictive disease since this patient has a normal FEV1 to FVC ratio this indicates that there is not an obstructive disease remember the FEV1 to FVC ratio would be decreased if there were an obstructive disease present and since the FEV1 FVC and TLC are all reduced this indicates that the patient has a restrictive disease so now that we've broken this one down we can see that the correct answer has to be a restrictive lung disease two while reviewing the patients medical record you note that the FEV1 to FVC ratio is reporting as being severely reduced which of the following is most consistent with this finding a pulmonary hypertension B morbid obesity C chronic asthma D pneumonia the correct answer is C chronic asthma to get this one right you have to know that the FEV1 to FVC ratio is a measure of the percentage of a patients vital capacity that can be expired in the first second of expiration people with normal lungs can exhale at least 70% of their vital capacity within the first 1 second which is the FEV1 when you see a reduced FEV1 to FVC ratio that automatically tells you that there's an obstructive disease and by using the cabb pneummonic we can see that only one of the answer choices could possibly be correct and it's C we dive deeper into cabb and the obstructive diseases inside of our hacking the TMC exam video course definitely check it out if you're interested but for this question there is only one obstructive disease listed so we know that the correct answer is C chronic asthma three your patient has an FEV1 to FVC ratio that is lower than predicted her forced vital capacity is also lower than normal as well what is the most likely cause of these findings a a restrictive lung disease b an obstructive lung disease c combined obstructive and restrictive lung disease d normal test results the correct answer is C combined obstructive and restrictive lung disease let's break this one down the patient has a reduced FEV1 to FVC ratio which certainly tells us that an obstructive disease is present but they also have a reduced FVC as well this tells us that they have a restrictive disease as well so combined this patient has both an obstructive and restrictive disease the correct answer is C combined obstructive and restrictive lung disease four you are assessing a patient with chronic asthma she has a slow vital capacity of 3,500 ml and a forced vital capacity of 2500 ml which of the following best explains this difference a increased compliance during a forced expiration b poor instruction by the previous respiratory therapist c muscle fatigue during a forced expiration d air trapping during a forced expiration the correct answer is D air trapping during a forced expiration the first thing that should stand out in the question is that the patient has asthma which is an obstructive disease and we know that air trapping is a commonality in obstructive diseases if a patient has a significant difference between their slow vital capacity and forced vital capacity this also indicates that air is trapped in the lungs when the patient exhales forcefully because the airways are obstructed or constricted as with bronospasma and asthma all of the air can be expelled if the patient exhales slowly it just takes longer this explains why the values are lower with the forced vital capacity as compared to the slow vital capacity none of the other answer choices really make sense in this situation so we know that the correct answer has to be D air trapped during a forced expiration five what percentage of the forced vital capacity should a patient with normal lungs be able to exhale within the first second of the maneuver a 35 to 50% of the FVC b 50 to 70% of the FVC c 70 to 83% of the FVC d 84 to 93% of the FVC the correct answer is C 70 to 83% of the FVC to get this one right you simply have to know the normal range for the FEV1 to FVC ratio as a percentage in general patients with normal lungs should be able to exhale at least 70% of their vital capacity within the first one second which of course is the FEV1 patients with an obstructive disease will show a reduced FEV1% value while patients with restrictive diseases will show a normal or sometimes high FEV1% value the correct answer is C 70 to 83% of the FBC six simple spyometry can be used to measure any of the following except a tidal volume b vital capacity c inspiratory reserve volume d residual volume the correct answer is d residual volume a spyometer is a device that measures exhaled flow rates and volumes it can be used to obtain measurements such as tidal volume vital capacity and FEV1 to get this one right you have to know what residual volume is basically it is the amount of air that is left in the lungs after a full exhalation the residual volume cannot be exhaled and because that is the case it cannot be measured by a simple spyometry tidal volume vital capacity and IRV all can be measured with a spyometer you would need a plethmma graph aka a body box in order to measure the residual volume this tells us that the correct answer has to be D residual volume seven upon the assessment of a patient receiving volume control assist control ventilation you observe a flow volume loop with a saw to pattern on exhalation which of the following actions would help this patient the most a switch to pressure control ventilation b administer a bronco diilator c increase the endotracheial tube cuff pressure d assess the patient's need for suctioning the correct answer is D assess the patient's need for suctioning if you see a flow volume loop that shows an irregular saw to pattern in the expiratory portion of the loop this likely means that there is some type of obstruction in the airway or ET tube so in this case the best action to take is to assess for the need for suctioning essultation would reveal roni and tactal fitus over the trachea would confirm that excess secretions are present which means that the patient needs to be suctioned there's no indication to switch to pressure control give a bronco dilator or increase the cuff pressure so you know that the correct answer has to be D assess the patient's need for suctioning eight your patient is a healthy male with average body size what would be considered the normal vital capacity range for this patient a 2,000 to 3,000 ml b 3,000 to 4,000 ml c 4,000 to 5,000 ml d 5,000 to 6,000 ml the correct answer is C 4,000 to 5,000 ml the normal range for vital capacity is 4,000 to 5,000 ml or 65 to 75 ml per kilogram this represents about 80% of the total lung capacity normal values can vary significantly depending on the patients age and sex with that said weight is not a factor in predicting normal values to get this one right you simply had to know the normal value range for vital capacity for the TMC exam be sure to know all of the PFT normal values the correct answer is C 4,000 to 5,000 milliliters nine the amount of gas that can be inhaled above the volume that is normally inhaled during quiet breathing is called what a fc B erv C I RV D VC the correct answer is C irv to get this one right you have to know two things first you must know what the abbreviations stand for i hope that you do at this point because you will need to know them for the TMC exam and second you have to know the definitions and differences between the lung volumes and capacities if you do then this one is super easy and you know the correct answer is C the IRV or inspiratory reserve volume is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled above the title volume after a normal quiet inspiration so if you take a normal breath in the air that you can breathe in on top of that title volume is the IRV so that means we know that the correct answer has to be C irv 10 after reviewing your work order for the day you notice that you have a patient with chronic bronchitis and another patient with emphyma which of the following PFT findings would you expect for these patients a increased lung compliance b decreased forced expiratory flows c decreased total lung capacity dreased diffusing capacity the correct answer is B decreased forced expiratory flows the first thing you need to interpret in this question is that both diseases that were mentioned are obstructive diseases now you can proceed through the answer choices and use the process of elimination to come up with the correct answer we know that with obstructive diseases the patient will have decreased expiratory flow rates their FEV1 percentage will be less than 70% air trapping is also common in obstructive diseases which will cause the total lung capacity to be increased a decreased diffusing capacity tends to occur only in emphyma so by using what we know about obstructive diseases as well as the process of elimination you know that the correct answer has to be B decreased forced expiratory flows 11 if you were to take the total of the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled from the maximum inspiratory level this can be defined as which of the following a residual volume B expiratory reserve volume c vital capacity D total lung capacity the correct answer is C vital capacity to get this one correct all you have to do is know the definitions and differences between the lung volumes and capacities a lung capacity is a combination of different lung volumes the question tells us that it combines the inspiratory volume and the expiratory volume so we know that the answer has to be a capacity that means we can rule out residual volume and expiratory reserve volume the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after taking a maximum breath in is defined as the vital capacity which is the correct answer in this case the residual volume is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a maximum exhalation the residual volume is included in the total lung capacity and since the residual volume cannot be exhaled we know that TLC cannot be the correct answer that means the correct answer is C vital capacity 12 upon entering the patient's room you heard the physician instruct the patient to inhale as deeply as possible and then blow out all of the air as hard as you can which pulmonary function test is being performed a IC B TLC C MVV D FVC the correct answer is D FVC to get this one right you have to know the PFT abbreviations as well as the differences between the different pulmonary function tests when a patient takes a maximum inhalation followed by a forced maximum exhalation you should automatically know that this is a forced vital capacity maneuver or an FVC as abbreviated in the question that means that the correct answer has to be D fvc 13 the patient is instructed to take a deep breath in and then exhale as quickly as possible the fastest air movement is recorded which of the following tests is being measured a vital capacity b fev1 c mvv d peak flow the correct answer is D peak flow to get this one right you simply have to know what a peak flow is because if you do then obviously you would know right away that it is the correct answer a peak flow or peak expiratory flow rate is defined as the fastest air movement during a forced exhalation and is measured in L/ second none of the other answer choices fit the description of the test that is being performed so you know that the correct answer has to be D peak flow 14 you are instructing a patient on how to perform an FVC maneuver after looking at the results of an attempt you determine that it took too long for the patient to reach the peak expiratory flow before another attempt which of the following instructions should you give the patient a take a deeper breath b don't hesitate c blast the air out faster d blow out longer the correct answer is C blast the air out faster the question tells us that it took the patient too long to reach the peak expiratory flow which means that the patient simply isn't exhaling fast enough this can cause invalid results in this case you should simply instruct the patient to blast the air out faster at the beginning of the maneuver and this will correct the issue taking a deeper breath will not fix the issue and the patient doesn't seem to have a problem hesitating blowing out longer isn't going to fix the issue either so we know that the correct answer has to be C blast the air out faster 15 other than obtaining the results from a vital capacity maneuver what else should be obtained and noted from the patient a the patient's resting minute ventilation b the patient's height gender and age c the patient's heart rate before and after testing d the patient's actual and predicted body weight the correct answer is B the patient's height gender and age when performing a bedside vital capacity maneuver on a patient you must obtain the patients height gender and age as well because these values are needed in order to compute the patients predicted vital capacity value it's also a good idea to know the patients smoking history and current medications even though they're not listed in the question or answer choices the resting minute ventilation heart rate and predicted body weight are not needed at this time so we know that the correct answer has to be B the patients height gender and age 16 you're instructing a patient on how to perform an FVC maneuver after looking at the results of an attempt you determine that the back extrapolated volume is excessive before another attempt which of the following instructions should you give the patient a take a deeper breath b don't hesitate c blast the air out faster d blow out longer the correct answer is B don't hesitate the question tells us that the back extrapolated volume is excessive which means that there is a hesitation at the beginning of the patient's breath this of course can cause invalid results in this case you should simply instruct the patient not to hesitate at the beginning of the forced exhalation this will fix the problem taking a deeper breath will not fix the issue and the patient doesn't seem to have a problem about blasting the air out fast enough blowing out longer isn't going to fix the issue either so we know that the correct answer has to be B don't hesitate 17 you have been monitoring the vital capacity and maximum inspiratory pressure readings over the last 4 hours of a 39year-old female patient that is receiving mechanical ventilation the values have steadily decreased over this time period how should this be interpreted a her condition is worsening b she has undiagnosed asthma c her strength is improving d she is not giving her best effort the correct answer is A her condition is worsening for the TMC exam remember that vital capacity and maximum inspiratory pressure measurements are valuable readings for determining if a patient is ready to wean from the ventilator the patient needs to have an MIP of at least -20 cm of water pressure and a vital capacity of at least 10 ml per kilogram in order to wean since the patients vital capacity and MIP values have been decreasing this means that she is getting weaker and her condition is getting worse otherwise the numbers would have been improving over the last 4 hours none of the other answer choices really make sense in this situation so we know that the correct answer has to be A her condition is worsening 18 a comeosse patient in the ICU is receiving mechanical ventilation taking this into consideration which of the following pulmonary function tests can be performed on this patient a peak expiratory flow b maximum voluntary ventilation c maximum inspiratory pressure d forced expiratory volume in 1 second the correct answer is C maximum inspiratory pressure there is only one test in the answer choices that does not require any cooperation from the patient so obviously in order to get this one right you have to have an understanding of each of these pulmonary function tests a peak expiratory flow MVV and FEV1 all require an active patient effort so we can eliminate those that means we know the correct answer has to be maximum inspiratory pressure an MIP can be performed by oluding the airway for a full 20 seconds and recording the pressure this is a valuable reading to have in regards to knowing when to wean the patient from the ventilator for the TMC exam remember that the patient must have an MIP of at least a negative 20 cm of water pressure to be weaned so by using what we know about the different pulmonary function tests as well as the process of elimination we know that the correct answer has to be C maximum inspiratory pressure 19 the results of a bedside spyometry test that was performed on a patient reveals the following a respiratory rate of 19 a tidal volume of 380 milliliters a dead space of 145 milliliters and a vital capacity of 1.1 L based on these results what is the patient's minute ventilation a 3.4 L per minute B 4.7 L per minute C 7.2 2 L per minute d 21.3 L per minute the correct answer is C 7.2 L per minute this is a very basic calculation and is something that every respiratory therapy student should know how to compute and you should never miss this one on the exam they did include some extra numbers in the question just to try to throw you off but you should remember that minute ventilation equals the rate multiplied by the title volume so in this case minute ventilation equals 19 by 380 = 7,220 ml per minute then you can convert it to L per minute which rounds to 7.2 L per minute so now we know that the correct answer is C 7.2 L per minute 20 you are called to measure the strength of a patient's respiratory muscles at the bedside which of the following devices would you select a pressure monometer b peak flow meter c arometer d resperometer the correct answer is a pressure monometer in order to measure the patient's respiratory muscle strength you need to obtain an MIP or MEP reading and to get this measurement you can use a pressure monometer with a disposable mouthpiece remember MIP is used to assess the possibility of weaning from mechanical ventilation mep is helpful in assessing the patients ability to cough and clear secretions which is also helpful in determining if it's safe to extate the patient none of the other answer choices can provide you with a measurement of the patients respiratory muscle strength so you know the correct answer has to be a pressure monometer 21 a 56-year-old female patients bedside spyometry results are as follows the FVC is decreased the FEV1 is normal the FEV1 percentage is increased what is the most likely problem a normal results b an obstructive disease c poor patient effort d a restrictive disease the correct answer is D a restrictive disease this is one of the classic PFT interpretation questions that you definitely must know how to do for the TMC exam the results of this patient demonstrate a classic restrictive disease because the flows appear to be normal or increased while the volumes are decreased the FEV1 percentage is increased so you know it can't be an obstructive disease and clearly it's not normal results or else it would say normal next to each of the results this is clearly a restrictive disorder so we know that the correct answer has to be D a restrictive disease 22 you are scheduled to perform a methyloline challenge on a female patient what percent decrease in FEV1 needs to occur in order to conclude that a methyloline challenge is positive for airway hyperreactivity a 10% b 15% c 20% d 25% the correct answer is C 20% to get this one right obviously you have to know what a methyloline challenge is and you need to know the percentage decrease that must occur in the FEV1 in order to classify the airway hyperactivity as positive the methyloline challenge is a test that assesses how the airway reacts or responds it is normally used to diagnose patients with asthma a 20% decrease in FEV1 is considered a positive result be aware that another name for the methyloline challenge is the bronco provocation challenge test the correct answer is C 20% 23 your patient has the following PFT results below vital capacity 54% of predicted fev1 76% of predicted fev1 to FVC ratio 82% of predicted peak flow 119% of predicted total lung capacity 65% of predicted which of the following would be the best interpretation of the results a restrictive disease only B obstructive disease only C bronchitis D mixed restrictive and obstructive disease the correct answer is A restrictive disease only the first thing to look at is the FEV1 to FVC ratio if it is decreased then you know that an obstructive disorder is present but in this case it is greater than normal the total lung capacity on the other hand is decreased this right away tells us that there is a restrictive disease obstructive diseases cause air trapping which causes the TLC to increase in this case since the TLC is decreased we can conclude that an obstructive disease is not present so that rules out the remaining answer choices and we know that this patient only has a restrictive disorder the correct answer is a restrictive disease only 24 you just obtained a peak flow measurement of 3.7 L/ second on a 39year-old male who is 5'9 in tall what is the interpretation of this test result a the patient has poor gas distribution b the patient has decreased lung compliance c the patient's peak flow is normal d the patient has an airflow obstruction the correct answer is D the patient has an airflow obstruction the first thing you need to do is determine if the peak flow measurement is normal high or low and to do that you have to know the normal range the normal range for peak flows in adults is 6 to 12 L/s so clearly this patient's peak flow measurement is below normal which means that the patient has an airflow obstruction the peak flow test does not assess lung compliance and has nothing to do with gas distribution so we know that the correct answer has to be D the patient has an airflow obstruction 25 using spyometry you tested a 52-year-old female patient before and after a bronco dilator was given the results show that her FEV1 increased from 62% to 83% of predicted what do these results indicate a a fixed airway obstruction is present b the patient has normal diffusion capacity c the patient has a reversible airway obstruction d the patient has a restrictive process the correct answer is C the patient has a reversible airway obstruction the first thing you should notice is that the FEV1 increased by greater than 15% post bronchilator this tells us right away that the patient has a reversible obstructive disease like asthma for example for the TMC exam remember that the post broncoilator value must increase greater than 15% for the obstructive disease to be considered reversible none of the other answer choices make sense in this situation so we know that the correct answer has to be C the patient has a reversible airway obstruction 26 while performing an MIP test on a 19-year-old female patient she produces the following results after three attempts attempt number one -23 cm of water pressure attempt number two -42 cm of water pressure attempt number three -14 cm of water pressure which of the following best explains this patient's results a there is a leak at the mouthpiece b the patient has an obstructive disease c the patient has a restrictive disease d the patient isn't giving a good effort the correct answer is D the patient isn't giving a good effort in a case such as this the patients results are way too inconsistent this tells us that she is giving a poor effort and not trying equally as hard on each attempt this invalidates the results so you can't make a determination about there being an obstructive or restrictive disease and if a leak were present all of the results for each attempt would be low so we know that the correct answer has to be D the patient isn't giving a good effort 27 you are about to perform pulmonary function tests on a 52year-old male patient before you begin the patient mentioned that he smoked three cigarettes in the past 2 hours which of the following tests would be affected by this finding a FVC B frc C raw D lung diffusion the correct answer is D lung diffusion by looking at the answer choices you can determine that the FVC FRC and RAW would not be affected in the short term by cigarette smoking so that means that the correct answer has to be lung diffusion in a lung diffusion test the carbon monoxide from the cigarettes would adversely affect the results the correct answer has to be D lung diffusion 28 which of the following bedside measurements is considered to be the best for assessing the function of the respiratory muscles and mechanical properties of the lungs a functional residual capacity b vital capacity c maximum inspiratory force d minute ventilation the correct answer is B vital capacity to get this one right you have to know and understand each of the answer choices particularly vital capacity since it is the correct answer a vital capacity is the amount of gas a patient can exhale after complete inhalation it's a good way to test both the inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength as well as lung compliance and airway resistance none of the other answer choices can provide these measurements so we know that the correct answer has to be B vital capacity 29 a 29-year-old female patient with suspected asthma needs to undergo pulmonary function testing to confirm the diagnosis which of the following tests would be the least helpful in this situation a lung diffusion study b flow volume loop c bronco provocation testing d pre and post broncoilator testing the correct answer is a lung diffusion study to get this one right you have to understand the purpose of each of the tests that are listed in the answer choices if you know this you can easily select the correct answer a flow volume loop bronoprovocation test and pre and post bronco dilator test are all very helpful in diagnosing asthma that means that the least helpful is a lung diffusion study a lung diffusion study test measures the carbon monoxide diffusion which can in turn evaluate oxygen diffusion this is not particularly helpful in diagnosing asthma so by using what we know about PFTs and asthma as well as the process of elimination you know that the correct answer has to be a lung diffusion study 30 while reviewing the results of a forced vital capacity maneuver of an adult male patient you note that an S-shaped curve appears on the flow volume graph this most likely indicates which of the following a the patient stopped exhalation too soon b the patient was coughing during the attempt c the patient was breathing too fast during the attempt d the patient gave poor effort at the start of the breath the correct answer is D the patient gave poor effort at the start of the breath after a patient performs an FVC maneuver if you see an S-shaped curve on the flow volume loop graph this indicates that the patient gave a poor effort at the start of the breath if you think about it it's an S shape because the flow starts out low with poor effort then it increases in the middle of the maneuver and then plateaus toward the end of the breath none of the other answer choices really make sense in this case so we know that the correct answer has to be D the patient gave poor effort at the start of the breath 31 you are about to perform a pulmonary function test on a 65year-old male patient after providing a bronadilator breathing treatment it is suspected that the patient has COPD his results are as follows he has an FEV1 to FVC ratio of 64% he has an FEV1 of 86% of predicted how would you characterize this patient a normal B mild COPD C moderate COPD D severe COPD the correct answer is B mild COPD irreversible airflow obstruction is present when the FEV1 to FVC ratio is less than 70% of predicted after a bronco dilator is given however the patient's FEV1 is greater than 80% of the predicted value this tells us that he is in the mild stages of COPD if the FEV1 would have been less than 60% of predicted it would be classified as moderate if the FEV1 would have been less than 40% of predicted it would be classified as severe COPD but since it was greater than 60% we know that the correct answer has to be B mild COPD 32 your patient is about to perform a maximum expiratory pressure test which of the following instructions should you give to the patient a take a normal breath in then blow out hard b inhale as much as you can then blow out hard c exhale normally then inhale as hard as possible d blow out all of your air before you begin the correct answer is B inhale as much as you can then blow out hard to get this one right you must know what an MEP test is and how to perform it properly a maximum expiratory pressure test measures the output of the expiratory muscles against a maximum stimulus it is a test that can check to see if the patient is ready to be exabated if the patient can generate a maximum expiratory pressure of greater than 60 cm of water pressure this is an indication that they can clear secretions on their own and extabation can be recommended if they meet the other criteria but back to the question in order to get the best results you should have the patient inhale to total lung capacity then blow out as hard as possible none of the other answer choices include the correct instructions so that means the answer has to be B inhale as much as you can then blow out hard 33 a 54year-old female patients spyometry results show an FEV1 that is calculated to be 80% of her forced vital capacity this finding suggests that the patient probably has which of the following a chronic bronchitis B emphyma C an obstructive lung disease D clinically normal values the correct answer is D clinically normal values this one is simple to interpret this patient's FEV1 to FVC ratio is normal because she exhaled a normal percentage of her vital capacity in the first second if the patient had an obstructive disease the percentage would be decreased so that rules out the remaining answer choices and tells us that the correct answer has to be D clinically normal values 34 a 49year-old male patient has a vital capacity of 3,400 ml a functional residual capacity of 4,600 ml and expiratory reserve volume of 1,400 ml what is his residual volume a 8,700 ml b 2,100 ml c 3,200 ml d 5,800 ml the correct answer is C 3,200 ml you may see a calculation such as this on the exam but don't panic this is a very simple calculation to get this one right you must know that the F FRC is equal to the residual volume plus the expiratory reserve volume you can use the lung box to remember this we share our strategy about the lung box inside of our hacking the TMC exam video course if you're interested you can get access on our website at respiratory therapyzone.com/hacking so using the same formula just rearranged a bit it also means that the residual volume is equal to the functional residual capacity minus the expiratory reserve volume so now we can plug in the numbers 4,600us 1,400 = 3,200 ml by performing simple subtraction we calculated that the patient's residual volume is 3,200 ml which means that the correct answer is C 35 a patient performs an FVC maneuver and displays the following results how would you interpret this flow volume loop tracing a normal lungs B small airway obstruction C large airway obstruction d restrictive disease the correct answer is D restrictive disease you will most likely have one of these flow volume loop tracings on the exam so you will need to know how to interpret them not to worry we break it down for you inside of our hacking the TMC exam course if you're interested but in general you can remember this rule of thumb for restrictive diseases the loop will appear tall and skinny for obstructive diseases the loop will appear short and wide this one is tall and skinny so you know that the correct answer has to be D restrictive disease and that wraps up our practice questions on pulmonary function testing i truly hope that these questions help you study and learn the information necessary for you to ace the TMC exam when that time comes people often ask me "What's the easiest way to pass the TMC board exam on my first try?" I always give the exact same answer you practice it's that simple you've spent months in the classroom learning all the material and information you need to know for the exam now you just need to practice answering questions exactly like the ones you'll see on the actual exam if you liked the practice questions and found them to be helpful then I have good news this is only a small sample of what we have for our students you can check out our TMC test bank which is loaded with over 1,000 practice questions and explanations just like the ones here the good thing is we cover each and every topic that you must know for the TMC exam including more questions on pulmonary function testing if you're interested just go to respiratory [Music] therapzone.com/tmc that's respiratory therapzone.com/tmc i wish you the best of luck as you study and prepare for the TMC exam keep practicing and working hard and I know you'll be successful as you take the exam and begin your career as a respiratory therapist thanks again and as always breathe easy my friend