Nusantara: Indonesia's New Capital City

Introduction

• Jakarta:
  • Capital of Indonesia
  • Over 10 million people
  • Issues: overcrowding, pollution, sinking into the ocean
• Nusantara:
  • Future capital city, set to open later this year
  • Estimated cost: $33 billion
  • Vision: "smart forest city"
  • Construction phases targeting completion by 2045

Key Features of Nusantara

• Size: 4x larger than Jakarta, 40x larger than Manhattan
• Population target: under 2 million people
• Green spaces: 65% of the city (forests, gardens, parks)
• Farming: 10% of the city
• Urban design: 25% buildings, 75% green space
• Sustainability goals:
  • Carbon-neutral by 2060
  • Powered entirely by renewables
  • 80% of journeys by public transport, walking, or cycling
• Smart public transport system:
  • Access to amenities within 10 minutes
  • Urban rainforests integrated into the city design

Reasons for Relocation

• Jakarta's challenges:
  • Built on 13 rivers, suffering from flooding
  • Groundwater depletion causing sinking (up to 11 inches/year)
  • 40% of Jakarta already below sea level
• New location: East Kalimantan, Borneo
  • Central Indonesia for better connectivity
  • Better protection from natural disasters
  • Abundance of natural resources and space
• Historical context:
  • Discussions about relocation since the 1950s
  • President Joko Widodo's push for relocation since 2014 announcement

Design & Architecture

• Selection of Urban+ for city design
• Vision: integrate with natural environment and biodiversity
• Key architectural features:
  • Elevated walkways for transport access
  • Buildings on stilts for airflow and rainwater management
  • Presidential Palace shaped like Garuda, symbolizes power and knowledge
  • Vice-Presidential Palace reflects indigenous architecture

Construction Timeline

• Project phases:
  • 5 phases with construction underway
  • Phase 1 (by 2023): Governmental Zone, basic infrastructure
  • Phase 2 (by 2029): mixed-use areas, 1.2 million residents
  • Phase 3 (2030): mass transportation system
  • Phase 4 (2035): regional railways, education and health services
  • Phase 5 (2045): industrial development, target 1.9 million residents

Challenges and Criticisms

• Illegal mining in East Kalimantan:
  • 2,400 abandoned mines to be refilled, government covering costs
• Funding issues:
  • 20% state funding, 80% from investments; difficulty attracting investors
• Concerns over rushed plans:
  • Indigenous displacement (20,000 people)
  • Lack of consultation with local communities
• Environmental concerns:
  • Reliance on coal for construction energy; only 19% of power from renewables

Conclusion

• Nusantara presents a potential solution to Jakarta's issues, but faces significant challenges
• Open questions about feasibility and environmental impact
• Invitation for opinions from viewers on the project

Thank you for watching!