Python Programming Lecture Notes

Introduction

• Course includes 20 Hands-On projects; final project is a weather app that fetches real-time weather data from an API.
• Suitable for beginners with no prior coding experience.
• Encouragement to engage by liking and subscribing.

Getting Started with Python

• Python Interpreter: Download from python.org, add to PATH on Windows.
• Integrated Development Environment (IDE): Options include PyCharm and VS Code. PyCharm is recommended for beginners.
• Creating a Project: Set up a new Python project in PyCharm, create a main Python file.

Basics of Python Programming

• Syntax and Print Statements: Use print() to display output in the console; include text using double or single quotes.
• Comments: Use # for single-line comments; helpful for code documentation.

Introduction to Variables

• Definition: A container for a value.
• Data Types: Strings, integers, floats, and booleans.
• Naming: Variables should have unique names.
• Strings: Series of characters with double or single quotes.
• Integers: Whole numbers.
• Floats: Numbers with decimal points.
• Booleans: True or False values.

Type Casting

• Converting Data Types: Use functions like str(), int(), float(), and bool() to convert types.

User Input

• Function: input() to receive user input as a string.
• Example: Fetch user’s name, age and print a customized message.
• Type Casting Input: Convert input strings to integers or floats as needed.

Basic Arithmetic and Math Functions

• Operators: +, -, *, /, ** (exponent), % (modulus).
• Math Functions: round(), abs(), pow(), max(), min(), sqrt(), ceil(), floor(). Requires import math.

Conditional Logic

• If Statements: Execute code based on conditions.
• Logical Operators: or, and, not for combining conditions.
• Comparison Operators: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=.

Loops

• While Loops: Execute as long as a condition is true; useful for user input validation.
• For Loops: Iterate over a sequence; useful for known iterations.

Functions

• Definition: A block of reusable code; defined with def keyword.
• Parameters and Arguments: Pass data to functions; parameters act as placeholders.
• Return Values: Functions can return values using return.

Advanced Topics

• OOP Basics: Understanding classes and objects in Python.
• File Handling: Detect, read, and write files using Python.
• API Interaction: Fetch data from APIs using requests library.
• Pi QT5 for GUI: Introduction to creating graphical user interfaces using Pi QT5.

Python Projects Overview

• Weather App: Fetch real-time weather data from an API.
• Slot Machine: Python based game simulation for understanding logic and randomness.
• Shopping Cart: Implementing a simple cart system using variables and conditional logic.
• Encryption Program: Using basic ciphers for data encryption and decryption.

Conclusion

• The course offers a comprehensive overview of Python basics to advanced topics for complete beginners.
• Encourages practicing through projects and hands-on coding experience.