Overview
The lecture covers essential Korean phrases for greetings, introductions, politeness, numbers, and practical questions, with a focus on both formal and informal usage.
Introducing Yourself in Korean
- Use “Annyeong. [Name]-ya. Bangawo.” for informal introductions (“Hi. I’m [Name]. Nice to meet you.”).
- Use “Annyeonghaseyo. [Name]-eyo. Bangawoyo.” for formal introductions.
- “Annyeong” means peace (hi), “-ya” is informal, and “-eyo” is formal after your name.
- “Bangawo” is informal for “nice to meet you,” “Bangawoyo” is the polite version.
- Bowing when introducing yourself is polite; men bow with hands at sides, women with hands in front.
Thanking & Responding
- “Gamsahamnida” is formal for “Thank you.”
- “Daedanhee gamsahamnida” means “Thank you very much.”
- “Gomawo” is informal; “Gomawoyo” is a polite, friendly version.
- Respond to thanks with “Anieyo” (no problem, informal) or less commonly, “Chonmaneyo” (you’re welcome).
Greetings & Goodbyes
- “Annyeong” is informal for hello or goodbye, used with friends and those younger.
- “Annyeonghaseyo” is formal and polite for hello.
- Say “Annyeonghi-gyeseyo” (formal) or “Jal isseo” (casual) when you leave and the other stays.
- Say “Annyeonghi-gaseyo” (formal) or “Jal ga” (casual) when you stay and they leave.
Asking “Do you speak English?” and Other Languages
- “Yeongeo haseyo?” means “Do you speak English?”
- “Yeongeo hal-su-isseoyo?” means “Can you speak English?”
- Add “Sillyehajiman,” for “Excuse me, but…” to be more polite.
- Use similar structure for other languages: “Ilboneo haseyo?” (Japanese), “Jungugeo haseyo?” (Chinese), etc.
- Common answers: “Ye” (yes), “Jogeumiyo” (a little), “Ani mothaeyo” (no, I can’t).
Apologizing & Getting Attention
- “Sillyehamnida” is formal for “Excuse me” (to ask a favor or question).
- “Joisonghamnida” is formal for “I’m sorry” (when you’ve done something wrong).
- “Mianhae” is informal for “Sorry.”
- To get a waiter’s attention: “Yeogiyo!” or “Jeogiyo!”
- Add “Jungmal” for “truly” to emphasize sincerity: “Jungmal mianhamnida.”
Numbers (Chinese-based, 1–10)
- il (1), i (2), sam (3), sa (4), o (5), yuk (6), chil (7), pal (8), gu (9), sip (10).
- “Yeong” (or “gong” for phone numbers) means zero.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Annyeong/Annyeonghaseyo — Hello (informal/formal)
- Bangawo/Bangawoyo — Nice to meet you (informal/formal)
- Gamsahamnida — Thank you (formal)
- Gomawo/Gomawoyo — Thank you (informal/polite)
- Anieyo — No problem/You’re welcome
- Sillyehamnida — Excuse me (formal)
- Joisonghamnida — I’m sorry (formal)
- Mianhae — Sorry (informal)
- Yeogiyo/Jeogiyo — Excuse me/Over here (to get attention)
- il, i, sam, sa, o, yuk, chil, pal, gu, sip — Numbers 1–10
Action Items / Next Steps
- Practice introducing yourself using both formal and informal phrases.
- Memorize key greetings, thank-you phrases, and responses.
- Learn and practice numbers 1–10 in Korean.
- Prepare for the next lesson: native Korean counting system.