Overview
This lecture covers the significant events and impact of Ferdinand Magellan's first voyage around the world, based on Antonio Pigafetta's account, with emphasis on the expedition's journey, encounters, and legacy in Philippine history.
Background and Preparation for the Voyage
- Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer who sought a westward route to the Spice Islands (Moluccas).
- The expedition was sponsored by King Charles I of Spain.
- The fleet consisted of 5 ships and 270 crew members when it departed on September 20, 1519.
Key Events During the Expedition
- The fleet faced treacherous conditions crossing the Atlantic and navigating through the Strait of Magellan.
- On March 6, 1521, the expedition landed on Guam after months at sea.
- By March 16, 1521, Magellan's fleet arrived in the Philippine archipelago, marking the first European contact.
Arrival and Encounters in the Philippines
- The fleet landed first in Homonhon Island and soon after, in Cebu, initiating interactions with local chieftains.
- Magellan established alliances with some local leaders, converting some to Christianity.
- The Battle of Mactan resulted in Magellan's death on April 27, 1521, during a conflict with Lapulapu, a local chieftain.
Completion of the Circumnavigation
- After Magellan’s death, command was taken over by Juan Sebastian Elcano.
- Only the Victoria, out of the original five ships, completed the voyage, returning to Spain with 18 survivors on September 6, 1522.
- The voyage proved the Earth is round and gave Europe new geographic knowledge.
Legacy and Historical Significance
- Pigafetta, the expedition's chronicler, recorded detailed observations, keeping a journal now vital to historians.
- The voyage marked the start of Spanish colonization in the Philippines and global maritime exploration.
- The account highlights the role of travel in discovery, exchange, and historical recording.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Circumnavigation — Traveling all the way around the entire planet.
- Antonio Pigafetta — The Italian chronicler who kept a detailed journal of Magellan's voyage.
- Strait of Magellan — A navigable sea route in southern Chile discovered during the voyage.
- Lapulapu — Local chieftain of Mactan who resisted Spanish forces and led the battle that killed Magellan.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review important dates: departure (1519), landing in Guam (1521), arrival in Philippines (1521), Magellan’s death (1521), return to Spain (1522).
- Read Antonio Pigafetta’s journal excerpts for primary source perspectives.
- Prepare for discussions on the impact of Magellan’s voyage on Philippine history and global exploration.