Lecture Notes on Types of Matter
Categories of Matter
- Matter can be divided into:
Pure Substances
- Definition: Pure substances consist of only one type of substance.
- Can be split into:
- Elements: Single type of element.
- Examples:
- Oxygen gas
- Helium
- Nitrogen gas
- Iron metal
- Zinc
- Elemental sulfur
- Compounds: Consist of two or more different elements.
- Examples:
- Water (H₂O)
- Sodium chloride (NaCl)
- Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)
- Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Mixtures
- Definition: Composed of two or more different pure substances.
- Types of mixtures:
- Homogeneous Mixtures: Uniform composition.
- Examples:
- Salt and water solution
- Air (mixture of gases like oxygen, nitrogen, argon)
- Brass (metal alloy)
- Heterogeneous Mixtures: Non-uniform composition.
- Examples:
- Oil and water
- Oil is less dense, separates from water creating two layers.
- Sand and water
- Two distinct phases, sand settles at the bottom.
Additional Resources
- For more on pure substances and mixtures, refer to the additional video content and example problems linked in the description.
Note: Check description links for supplementary materials and example problems.