Lecture Notes: Piccadilly Circus and Its Historical Significance

Introduction

• Expression Origin: The phrase "all roads lead to Rome" analogous to London roads leading to Piccadilly Circus.
• Location & Significance:
  • Situated in London's West End.
  • Approximately a third of a mile northwest of Trafalgar Square.
  • Known as one of the world's famous intersections.

Streets Converging at Piccadilly Circus

• Regent Street
• Shaftesbury Avenue
• Haymarket
• Coventry and Glass House Streets

Etymology of 'Circus'

• Derived from the Latin word "circle."
• Originally, a large traffic roundabout existed here.

Historical Background

• Name Origin:
  • Named in the mid-1700s after "Piccadilly."
  • Piccadilly refers to laced collars, once fashionable.
  • Named after Robert Baker, a tailor famous for these collars.
• Cultural Significance:
  • Charles Dickens likened it to a "Parisian Boulevard."

Famous Landmarks

• Criterion Theatre
• London Pavilion
• Lilywhite Sporting Goods Store
• The Trocadero
• Illuminated Signs: First installed in 1910.
• Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain:
  • Built in 1893.
  • Has been relocated multiple times for road changes.
  • Popular meeting place.

Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain

• Honors Anthony Ashley Cooper:
  • 7th Earl of Shaftesbury.
  • Born 1801; elected to Parliament in 1826.
  • Leader in social reform.
• Social Reforms Initiated:
  • Protection for the mentally ill.
  • Child labor laws, including banning of child chimney sweeps.
  • Factory and mine safety improvements.
  • Advocacy for 10-hour workday and public education.

Statue Details

• Topped by statue of Anteros, the Greek god.
• Often mistaken for Eros, but Anteros represents selfless love.
• Officially titled "The Angel of Christian Charity."

Conclusion

• Piccadilly Circus remains a vibrant hub in Soho and the theater district.
• Reinforces the idea that travel enriches us beyond material wealth.