Presentation Notes: How Building and String Material Affects Musical Sound

Presenter Information

• Name: Gaya Parikosit
• University: Universitas Schedule, Indonesia
• Event: Intern Noise 2023

Introduction

• Topic: The influence of building and string materials on the sound of the bundingan musical instrument.
• Bundingan:
  • Made primarily from bamboo and shaped like a dome.
  • Originates from Bonosobo, Central Java.
  • Sound imitates the gamelan orchestra, especially the sounds of gong, compul, kanong, etc.

Sound Generators in Bundingan

1. Bamboo Bars:
   • Players use fingers to pluck these to mimic drum sounds.
2. Loaded Strings:
   • Equipped with bamboo clips for mass loading, enhancing sound.

Previous Studies Presented

1. 2020: Why the bundingan is a personal musical instrument.
2. 2021: Effect of bamboo clip dimensions and position on the frequency spectrum of vibrating bundingan strings.
3. 2023: Focused on how building and string materials affect musical sound.

String Materials Used in Study

• Traditional: Sugar Palm fibers (historically used).

• Modern: Various badminton strings.

• Types of Strings:

  1. Multi-filament with single wrap
  2. Multi-core with single wrap
  3. Multi-filament with double wrap
  4. Solid core with single wrap
  5. Natural gut (most expensive, used in violins).

• Diameter Comparison:

  • Badminton strings: 0.66 mm (first three), thicker variations for others.
  • Sugar Palm fiber strings: 0.3 to 0.5 mm (thinnest).

Experimental Setup

• Acoustics analysis performed to test different string materials.
• Measurements compared against theoretical calculations:
  • Frequency Domain: Analyze frequency spectra of sounds.
  • Time Domain: Measure sound decay amplitude over time.

Results of Analysis

Linear Density Comparison

• Sugar Palm fibers: Lowest linear density.
• Natural gut: Highest linear density.

Young Modulus

• Sugar Palm fibers have the highest young modulus.

Sound Radiation Coefficient

• Sugar Palm fibers produce the loudest sound.

Frequency Spectra Measurements

• Comparison for four gamelan elements: Gong, Compul, Kanong, Katuk.
  1. Gong: Natural gut showed minimum frequency difference.
  2. Compul: Different trends in frequency differences across materials.
  3. Kanong: Similar comparative analysis.
  4. Katuk: Analysis of frequency peaks.

Damping Ratio

• Assessing how long different materials reverberate.

Conclusions

• Loudest sound: Choose sugar palm fiber strings based on sound radiation coefficient.
• Low calculation errors: Use natural gut or solid core badminton strings for accuracy with certain elements.
• Best damping ratio: Natural gut allows for a slower decay, closely imitating gamelan sound.

Closing

• Thank you for your attention.
• Questions are welcome regarding the presentation.