AP Chemistry Speed Review

Introduction

• Presenter: Jeremy Krug
• Purpose: Quick review of AP Chemistry major topics
• Additional Resource: Ultimate Review Packet with study guides, review videos, and full-length exam
  • Price: $24.99 with class discount option

Unit 1: Atoms

• The Mole: Measurement for counting atoms/molecules
  • Atomic mass in grams
  • Avogadro's number: 6.022 x 10^23 particles
• Electron Configurations: Example with Neon (1s², 2s², 2p⁶)
• Coulomb’s Law: Explains attraction/repulsion of charges
• Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Analyzing energy required to remove electrons
• Periodic Table Patterns:
  • Atomic radius trends
  • Ionization energy trends

Unit 2: Chemical Compounds

• Ionic Bonds: Between metals and nonmetals
• Covalent Bonds: Between nonmetals (polar and nonpolar)
• Lewis Dot Diagrams: Visualizing molecule shapes
• Molecular Geometry: Shapes like tetrahedral, linear, trigonal planar

Unit 3: Intermolecular Forces

• Dispersion Forces: Weak, stronger in larger molecules
• Dipole-Dipole Forces: Between polar molecules
• Hydrogen Bonding: Strong force in molecules with O-H, N-H, or F-H bonds
• States of Matter: Differences in molecular spacing and behavior
• Ideal Gas Law: PV=nRT and its limitations

Unit 4: Chemical Reactions

• Net Ionic Equations: Excluding spectator ions
• Balancing Equations: Using mole ratios
• Types of Reactions:
  • Precipitation
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Acid-Base reactions

Unit 5: Kinetics

• Reaction Rates: Relative rates and rate laws
• Integrated Rate Laws: Calculating concentrations over time
• Reaction Mechanisms: Determining rate laws for multi-step reactions
• Catalysts: Lower activation energy

Unit 6: Thermodynamics

• Heat Transfer: Q = MCΔT
• Change in Enthalpy (ΔH): Calculating energy changes
• Hess’s Law: Summation of reaction enthalpies

Unit 7: Equilibrium

• Equilibrium Constant (K): Comparison to reaction quotient (Q)
• Le Chatelier's Principle: Reaction shifts with changes in conditions

Unit 8: Acids and Bases

• pH and pOH calculations
• Strong vs. Weak Acids/Bases: Ionization in solution
• Titrations and Buffers: Analyzing and resisting pH changes

Unit 9: Applications of Thermodynamics

• Entropy (S): Measure of disorder
• Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG): Thermodynamic favorability
• Electrochemistry: Galvanic cells, electrolysis, and Nernst Equation

Conclusion

• Summary of AP Chemistry course major points
• Encouragement to explore additional resources for thorough review