Focus on Rule 10 concerning traffic separation schemes (TSS).
Aim: Understand the rule and its application in various scenarios.
Applicability of Rule 10
Applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
Does not exempt vessels from obligations under other rules.
Navigating Traffic Separation Schemes
General Guidelines:
Vessels must proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow.
Keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone where practicable.
Normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane.
When joining or leaving from either side, do so at a small angle to the general traffic flow.
Crossing Traffic Lanes
Avoid crossing traffic lanes when possible.
If obliged to cross:
Cross at a heading nearly at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow.
Maintain heading despite external factors like tide or wind.
Aim to maintain aspect and cross quickly.
Inshore Traffic Zones
Not all TSS have inshore traffic zones, but when implemented, they are marked on charts.
Usage Restrictions:
Vessels should not use these zones if they can safely use the adjacent traffic lane.
Exceptions: Vessels <20m, sailing vessels, fishing vessels, or for specific operational needs (e.g., reaching a port via the inshore zone).
Separation Zones and Lines
Avoid entering separation zones or crossing separation lines unless:
In an emergency.
Engaged in fishing within a separation zone.
Safety and Caution
Navigate cautiously near the termination of TSS due to vessel congestion.
Avoid anchoring in a TSS or near its terminations.
Non-Participating Vessels
Vessels not using a TSS should avoid it by a wide margin.
Fishing vessels should not impede vessels in a traffic lane.
Vessels <20m or sailing vessels should not impede power-driven vessels in a traffic lane.
Exemptions
Vessels restricted in their ability to maneuver for specific operations (e.g., maintaining navigation safety, working on submarine cables) are exempt from compliance as necessary.
Example: Crossing Situation
Red vessel crossing at right angles.
Must comply with crossing rules.
Passenger vessel and blue bulk carrier situation: Red vessel must give way in crossing situations, but maintain right angle crossing.
Conclusion
Traffic separation schemes require adherence to Rule 10, but all existing maritime rules still apply.