Transcript for:
W4: Understanding Ad Hominem Fallacies

Hi there, internet commenter. You've been sent a link to this video because someone is concerned that you might not be arguing your case to your utmost ability. They're concerned you might have used a fallacy to make an important point, thus defeating your own claim. The fallacy they're concerned you might have used is the ad hominem attack. Ad hominem criticism is where, instead of criticizing the argument or ideas of the person with whom you are conversing, you criticize the person themselves and, in so doing, claim you have also criticized their argument. And boy, is this one popular. Ad hominem criticisms are not always but are very frequently fallacious. Wrong! Unless the character or actions of the person making an argument are directly related to the matter at hand, criticizing them and not their ideas is a fallacy. Ad hominem attacks are the bread and butter of political advertising. Criticizing a candidate and saying that because their character is bad, their ideas and policies are also bad. (MOVIE ANNOUNCER VOICE) John Smith literally hates little children. And so his ideas about salmon fishery safety regulations are wrong. Dead wrong. A related fallacy is tu quoque, where it is argued that a person making an argument has behaved in a way inconsistent with that argument. Their behavior might be inconsistent, but it doesn't necessarily make their argument wrong. For example, it's really important for fast food restaurants to be clear about the salt, fat, and sugar content of their food, doubly so because of how cheap it is. Obesity is a real problem in America. What business do you have asking companies to disclose this stuff? I saw you eat two Big Macs and drink 34 ounces of Hi-C Orange Lavaburst yesterday. This is an ad hominem tu quoque attack. Mike argues for the presence of certain dietary information. And Straw Mike says that, based on his behavior, he lacks the authority to do so. Straw Mike's response doesn't at all approach the point Mike is making, though. Mike is arguing that if certain dietary information were widely available, it's possible that an effect on obesity would occur. Ad hominem attacks make it so the person being attacked suddenly has to defend their character and not their ideas, when, in fact, their character has no bearing on the conversation whatsoever. And also, it's mean. You seem like a nice person. No need for insults. I hope this description of the ad hominem attack has been helpful. Happy conversing.