Understanding Thyroid Eye Disease (TED)

Overview of TED

Thyroid Eye Disease (TED), also known as Graves eye disease, is an autoimmune disorder.
Occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the muscle and fat tissue behind the eyes, causing inflammation and scar tissue formation.

Eye pain and pressure: Pain may occur in, around, or behind the eye, especially when moving the eyes.
Itchy eyes: Sensation of itchiness or irritation.
Blurry vision: Objects may appear out of focus.
Eye bulging: Known as "proptosis" or "exophthalmos," is a common visible sign.
Effects can impact physical appearance, visual ability, and emotional well-being.

Important to detect early to prevent permanent damage.
Diagnosis is generally performed by TED Specialists, who may include:
- Oculoplastic surgeons
- Neuro-ophthalmologists
- Specialized ophthalmologists and endocrinologists
Diagnostic Steps:
- Baseline eye exam to identify symptoms like red or watery eyes, improperly closing eyelids, or puffy eyelids.
- CT or MRI scans to assess conditions behind the eye.
- Use of an exophthalmometer to measure eye bulging.
- Detailed medical history review including thyroid conditions, family history, and smoking status.

Blood tests may be conducted to measure thyroid hormone levels and antibodies related to TED.

Access to educational materials and email updates for further learning about TED.
Resources available for patients and caregivers.

This information is intended for educational purposes and not a substitute for professional healthcare advice.