after this video you're going to have a full essay plan for A Christmas Carol that you can genuinely link to any question you get in the exam and if you watch the full thing I promise you you will feel so so prepared for A Christmas Carol regardless of what comes up even if you haven't done any revision for it so what I'm going to do is I'm going to give you a general point and I'm going to show you how it will link to different characters so the first problem we're going to look at is Dickens delivers a scathing indictment meaning a criticism of Victorian social inequality condemning a system that dehumanizes so treats them less like human the poor and privileges the wealthy so what we can kind of see this is the overall point talking about social inequality and that Dickens is actually being scaling of this social inequality and he's actually being scaling of the system that dehumanizes that treats them less than human and exploits the lower social classes but the upper classes get to privilege from it so what I'm going to show you now is how this would link to other characters so then basically if this came up in the exam or whatever came up in the exam you could use this adapted to the word from the question and then you could pick a character to specifically focus on so Scrooge of course Scrooge is the obvious one he represents the cold-hearted self-interested upper class who ignore the suffering around them so we very clearly see that Scrooge is parsimmonious so he's stingy he's apathetic he has no emotions particularly towards the lower social classes then we got Bob Cratchet he embodies the working poor he's dignified loving but exploited and struggling so we can see if Scrooge is an emblem it's like a symbol of the upper class the privileged wealthy we can see Bob Cratcher as a comparison is an emblem so again symbol of the lower social classes the the poor in society who are exploited by the upper classes as represented by Scrooge fred he symbolizes remember Fred is Scrooge's nephew he symbolizes generosity and social conscience and just so you know conscience is conscience knowing right from wrong so social conscience is knowing right from wrong in society challenging his uncle's indifference so we get to see he's a really good comparison between Scrooge and Fred scrooge's apathy so his lack of emotion he's very emotionally distant and cold really actually contrasts Fred's generosity the Ghost of Christmas Present acts as a moral guide revealing the harsh realities of poverty and the injustice of blaming the poor so we get to see that the ghost of Christmas present really focuses on the social injustices in society illustrating that to Scrooge which of course is Dickens way of illustrating that to his upper class readership and Tiny Tim is a representation of innocent suffering and the consequences of societal neglect so Tiny Tim is Bob Cratchet's son and we get to see that the death of Tiny Tim as shown by the ghost Christmas yet to come that Tiny Tim dies which of course is a representation of the dehumanizing treatment of the lower social classes and if you go on to the light up hub we have some really insane analysis on all the key characters so for example like Scrooge we've got all of the key themes broken down for the ghost Christmas past we've got all of the different quotes let's say if we looked at selfishness for example you'll see here that we've got the key quotes and analysis you get grade nine quotes analysis for every single quote that you can just adapt in the exam you'll get how it links to context you'll get how it links to wow ideas how it links to Dickens's intentions all done for you but also because we know there's not that much time before the exams right if you go on this little toggle at the B at the top of the light hub you can actually see in the last minute revision there is a video that summarizes the whole of A Christmas Carol in just 52 minutes and goes through everything you need to know to summarize in terms of quotes analysis we've got key words we've got context we've got key themes we've got Dickens intentions we've got key quotes overviews so you could just watch that 52minute long video paired with this and basically be sorted for the exam and then an evidence we could use to support the idea of the social injustice is are there no prisons and the union workhouses so his rhetorical questions echo real attitudes at the time exposing the cruelty of in institutional responses to poverty in the idea that of course Scrooge is an emblem he is a symbol of the upper classes and who these upper class individuals perpetuate so they kind of continue on this social inequality bob Cratchet he ran home to Camden Town as hard as he could pelt to play at blind man's buff despite hardship Bob values joy and family a direct contrast to Scroo's materialism again we get to see that even though these lower social classes or the poor get dehumanized we get to see them in a very human way in the fact that Dickens presents him as moral and family first which of course contrasts the upper classes fred his wealth is of no use to him he doesn't do any good with it this in stage one Fred critiques the hoarding of wealth reflecting Dickens's own views on social responsibility so anything to do with social inequality we could actually see that Fred is a reflection of Dickens's view on it and he used them as a bit as a benchmark of how individuals should act in society ghost of Christmas present the boy's ignorance the girls want so this is an allegorical children personify society's failings allegorical means they're intended to teach a warning to the upper class is about neglecting the vulnerable and how if we continue to neglect them there'll be this continual cycle of poverty and then Tiny Tim God bless us everyone save three his innocence and suffering highlight the human cost of inequality and neglect so it's very interesting of course that Dickens uses Tiny Tim as a character uses him as a child because again it really reinforces that there's this lack of compassion in society so much so they would let innocent children like Tiny Tim suffer just because they're part of the lower social class now how it adapt to other themes so I want to show you that even if this didn't come up even if like social inequality didn't come up how you could actually link it so if anything about redemption came up redemption means being saved from sin we can link it to how social awareness is key to Scroo's moral transformation and also the transformation for society that basically social inequality could be solved if individuals have this redemption and social awareness family the Cratchet's unity contrast with Scroo's isolation in the fact that we get to see this very united front in terms of the Cratchets and how it's complete antithesis to Scrooge responsibility dickens argues that individuals in society must care for the disadvantaged and again we see that with the Cratchets in the fact that the Cratchets do have this suffering and they're ceasedly neglected and not rightfully so they are good moral people but they're neglected due to these prejudices that individuals like Scrooge have when I say prejudices it's like these beliefs that aren't really rooted in fact but just based on what he's heard and change injustice can be addressed through compassion and reform so this is how it could kind of link to any other key themes and the fact that you could kind of adapt the beginning topic sentence and then you could choose which character you'd focus your paragraph on and then you could just adapt it in this way and then point on key idea number two the supernatural are a moral catalyst through which Dickens forces both characters and readers to confront uncomfortable truths about societal issues and their personal involvement with this so we can actually see that Dickens uses the ghost not only to teach Scrooge a lesson but to also teach the reader a lesson just as Scrooge is reflecting on his past his present and his future it makes the reader do the same thing it makes them reflect on their own actions in the past how is that contributed to them in the present how will their future be shaped by these actions and that is what it allows both the reader and Scrooge to reflect on so Scrooge is visited by the spirits who reveal his past present and future forcing him to reckon with his moral failings so it forces him to confront his past although he doesn't really confront it when he gets his past he puts the cap on the ghost of Christmas past head he doesn't want anything to do with it but then he becomes more accepting as he comes to visit more ghosts marley's ghost acts as a warning figure showing the consequences of life without compassion and of course Marley is Scrooge's ex- business partner so it holds a lot more weight because they're very similar in their approach to life and Marley is there to warn Scrooge the ghost of Christmas past forces Scrooge to relive moments of innocence regret and emotional loss so gets Scrooge to really look back on his past and that kind of kickstarts his reflection of how that is affecting him in his present also allows us as a reader to understand how Scroo's past affects his present the ghost of Christmas present reveals the richness of life and injustice Scrooge has ignored and particularly linking back to social injustice that we just spoke about really highlighting these prejudices so these untrue beliefs about the lower social classes and then the ghost of Christmas yet to come symbolizes death and moral reckoning coming face to face with his morality evoking fear to prompt change so we can see all of the ghosts act these catalysts they kickstart this change in Scrooge and of course we get to see as the reader does with Scroo's change in his reflection we as a reader get that insight too so some evidence for each of them marley's ghost I wear the chain I forg in life so Marley's suffering represents the burdens the kind of weight of selfishness and serves as a warning to change ghost of Christmas past would you so soon put out with worldly hands the light I give so the ghost light symbolizes truth and memory and Scrooge tries to suppress it so he tries to put that extinguisher cap on it he tries to suppress it because he doesn't want to be basically reckoned with the truth ghost Christmas present if these shadows remain unaltered by the future the child will die this is a brutal reminder of the consequences of inaction particularly regarding poverty and in relation to children as well being the most innocent people in society and how they are basically at the mercy the consequence of this upper class ignorance scrooge I will honor Christmas in my heart and try to keep it all year here this is in stage four so after the supernatural journey so this is during stage four when he's been visited by the ghost of Christmas yet to come scrooge pledges for transformation the ghost's mission have been fulfilled so we get to see this idea of the change and that the ghosts have been successful in sparking this change in Scrooge and then the phantoms slowly gravely silently in approach this is the ghost of Christmas yet to come its silence and darkness evoke death and judgment forcing Scrooge to confront his legacy confronting how his past and his present actions will lead to this very bleak future and then how this could be adapted to other themes so even if the supernatural didn't come up how could we link it anything to do with redemption the supernatural enables Scroo's change in his redemption so being saved from sin so how it catalyzes and kickstarts that memory and regret ghosts force Scrooge to reflect on his past so again kind of thinking about the messages that the ghosts teach and that's how we can kind of link the supernatural morality the spirits act as moral agents so think about they're there to evoke a sense of morality teaching Scrooge to value kindness and empathy and we get to see that because of course in stage five he does have this transformation we see he's very moral he's very empathetic and he has this true kindness and then time the ghosts manipulate time to give Scrooge perspective so we can see of course literally through the ghost Marley ghosts are past present and yet to come they try and manipulate time in order to give him perspective and allowing him to have this moral awakening and then lastly point or key idea number three so redemption so being safe from sin it's essential to social progress illustrating how personal transformation can inspire wider moral responsibility and challenge the apathy meaning lack of care embedded in Victorian society so the idea that Dickens is illustrating that redemption is essential it's an essential tool for Victorian society and he constructs Scrooge as a microcosm now a microcosm is something small representing something larger so Scrooge is one small character but he represents at large this upper class within society so illustrating how this if one individual can change like Scrooge then everybody should be able to change and think Scrooge changed he became kind to the Kratchet if then everybody changed in society and had this redemption then everybody would be kind to the poor and it would solve these social issues and then Scrooge underos a complete transformation from misanthropic miser meaning miser being stingy to generous benefactor so basically meaning he becomes this generous individual he becomes very charitable fred offers Scrooge warmth and forgiveness even when rejected embodying hope for redemption so again we see Fred is really a benchmark for redemption and change because even though Scrooge is absolutely horrible to him and of course Scrooge is his uncle he still remains very benevolent benevolent means loving and caring and we see him is really gives that hope for redemption because he's related to Scrooge so if he's like that we hope that Scrooge can be like that too bob Cratchet responds to mistreatment with grace making Scroo's redemption possible through contrast so again he does not try go against Scrooge he's not rude to Scrooge he accepts it with grace he's very accepting of Scroo's mistreatment of him and still remains to be very compassionate and a good worker tiny Tim acts as a moral catalyst so catalyst means it kickstarts something his vulnerability symbolizes the stakes of Scrooge's transformation it's the idea of if Scrooge doesn't transform he doesn't have this redemption there is a lot at stake and of course if Tiny Tim is a symbol of the lower social classes it shows the reader that there's a lot at stake for a lack of social change and then the ghosts they guide Scrooge through self-reflection giving him the tools to redeem himself so again they catalyze they kickstart his redemption they give him the tools to which he changes for act five and then evidence when Scrooge says "I'm not the man I was." This is day four this is a declaration of inner change showing Scrooge's awareness and desire to be different showing how he has really embarked on this pathway of redemption he wants to change scrooge I will live in the past the present and the future this is also in stage four this embraces of his lessons of each ghost and it shows his commitments ongoing change fred let him in it is at mercy he didn't shake his arm off so Fred even when Scrooge comes in day five and comes to Fred's house for Christmas he doesn't turn him away he's very joyfully accepting and the power of forgiveness shows this human warmth again shows this redemption and how he was always a benchmark for Scrooge's redemption cratchet family they were not a handsome family but they were happy grateful pleased with one another the Cratchets become a model of what Scrooge lacks but comes to value so we get kind of see this redemption in Scrooge he begins to value family as we see with Cratchets scrooge's final line God bless us everyone so this is echoing Tiny Tim this line seals Scroo's redemption and alignment with the moral heart of the story so we get to see he's really redeemed he's aligned and is used by Dickens to show how if everybody did that in society there would be this social justice and then lastly how we'd actually adapted to other themes is there's social injustice so Scrooge's redemption is tied to his acceptance of social responsibility so we get to see his redemption is directly tied to his responsibility and his responsibility leads to more social justice as we see with his relationship with Cratchet family relationships redemption allows Scrooge to reconnect with others we see his reconnection with Fred which is directly one of his family members but we also see his connection with the Cratchets which become this you know this metaphorical family the supernatural redemption is only made possible through ghostly intervention so of course we see that redemption is directly as a result of the ghost's involvement and then time and memory reflecting on the past allows characters to change their future and we see that with Scrooge his acknowledgement and his analysis of his past his present and his future allowed him to embark on this pathway of redemption so if you did like this guys please make sure to subscribe to the channel and make sure you pair this with the last minute revision video on the light up hub because if you use these two videos I promise you you'll be absolutely sorted for a Christmas