The Hair Loss Show: Side Effects of Minoxidil

Introduction

• Hosts: Dr. Russell Nudson and Dr. Vicam J Aash
• Topic: Comparing topical minoxidil with oral minoxidil and discussing their side effects.

Overview of Minoxidil

• Commonly used for managing hair loss in both men and women.
• Available in various forms:
  • Topical Minoxidil: Available as a liquid or foam, over the counter in Australia.
  • Oral Minoxidil: Available in tablet form, requires a prescription.

History of Minoxidil

• Originally used to treat high blood pressure.
• Hair growth was an unexpected side effect, leading to its development as a hair stimulant in 1989 in Australia.
• Topical formulation includes alcohol and propylene glycol as carriers.

Side Effects of Topical Minoxidil

• Contact Dermatitis: Can be caused by propylene glycol, leading to itchy scalp and irritation.
• Greasy Hair: Especially problematic for women.
• Hair Growth on Face for Women:
  • 2% solution developed to reduce this risk compared to the 5% solution for men.

Application Guidelines

• Apply directly to the scalp, not the hair.
• Use a cotton bud for precise application.
• Dosage: Use small amounts for small areas, larger amounts for larger areas.
• Recommended to use once a day instead of twice for effective results.

Side Effects of Oral Minoxidil

• Possible side effects include:
  • Palpitations
  • Aggravation of migraines due to blood vessel dilation.
  • Weight gain (water retention).

Shedding and Response

• Temporary shedding ("minoxidil shed") can occur but is a sign that the treatment is working for responders.
• Only about 50% of users respond effectively due to the requirement of conversion into minoxidil sulfate in the skin.

Transitioning Between Forms

• If irritation occurs with the liquid, switch to foam after allowing the scalp time to recover (about a week).
• Foam absorbs faster (10 minutes) than liquid (60-90 minutes).

Considerations for Oral Minoxidil

• Start with low doses (0.5-1 mg) to minimize side effects.
• Gradually increase dosage as needed, especially for women to avoid facial hair growth.
• Individual responses vary; adjustments may be necessary based on side effects or drug efficacy.

Compliance and Effectiveness

• Compliance is crucial; if patients struggle with topical application, oral may be a better option.
• Oral minoxidil should be tailored to the individual's response; monitoring is essential.

Final Thoughts on Minoxidil

• Minoxidil has a long history of use and data supporting its effectiveness.
• Many abandon treatment too early or with unrealistic expectations.
• Clarification that it may slow hair loss but is not guaranteed to regrow hair; effectiveness may remain stable over time but won't be 100%.

Conclusion

• Summary of minoxidil's uses and side effects.
• Encourage viewers to seek professional advice for personalized treatment options.
• Reminder to like and subscribe for more informative content.