in this video we're going to take a look at what fungi and protests are and at a couple of the diseases that they can cause fungi are UK carotic organisms just like plants and animals but unlike plants and animals fungi can be either unicellular or multicellular for example yeast is a unicellular fungi that we used to make bread r while mushrooms are multicellular funy often the multicellular ones have long thread-like structures called hyi which come out of the main body and spread through the soil occasionally though these hyy spread over plants or even penetrate human skin and cause disease the Hy can also produce spores which spread easily and grow into new fungi an example of a fungal disease is Rose black spot which causes purple or black spots to form on the leaves of plants especially roses hence the name as the fungus does more and more damage the leaves can start to turn yellow and drop off as you can imagine this reduces the plant's ability to photosynthesize and so they don't grow so well the rose black spot fungus normally spreads by being transported either in the water or by the wind and to treat it we can either chop off all of the infected leaves or spray the the plant with fungicides which kill any fungus if you choose to chop off the leaves though then be sure to destroy them so that the fungi can't spread to any other plants just like fungi protists are also ukar and can be either single or multi-celled organisms however the large majority of them are single celled or unicellular some of them are class as parasites which means that they live on or inside other organisms and they survive at that other organism's expense protests are often transported by vectors which are other organisms like insects that transport the protists between different host organisms importantly though the vectors don't get the disease themselves to show you what we mean let's consider malaria malaria is caused by a parasitic protest which means that it needs a host such as a human or other animal to survive importantly though it's transported between hosts by mosquitoes it works like this when a mosquito feeds on an animal that's already been infected and it sucks out some blood it can also suck up some of those malaria parasites then when another healthy animal comes along like a person and the mosquito feeds on that animal the parasites get transferred at which point we would say that the protests have spread to a new host whenever humans catch malaria we get really bad fevers and headaches and just generally feel Dreadful often these symptoms go away for a while but they keep on com back so we call them recurrent episodes in some cases it can even be fatal the best way to prevent diseases like this is to stop the vectors from spreading the protests in the first place for example we could reduce the number of mosquitoes in the area by destroying their breeding sites or directly killing them with insecticides another option would be to stop them from feeding on us by using mosquito Nets or mosquito repellent if you haven't heard yet you can find all of our videos on our website Cognito org you'll also find questions flashcards exam style questions and pass papers and we track all of your progress so that you always know what to study next so sign up for free by clicking here or browse our playlist here on YouTube